@prefix dcterms: . @prefix dm: . @prefix emmo: . @prefix foaf: . @prefix locn: . @prefix ns1: . @prefix owl: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix skos: . @prefix swrl: . @prefix xsd: . dcterms:abstract a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . dcterms:contributor a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . dcterms:creator a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . dcterms:license a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . dcterms:publisher a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . dcterms:source a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . dcterms:title a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . ns1:termsabstract a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy dm: . ns1:termscreator a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy dm: . ns1:termslicense a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy dm: . ns1:termstitle a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy dm: . rdf:JSON a rdfs:Datatype . rdfs:isDefinedBy rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso . owl:qualifiedCardinality a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . skos:changeNote a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment . skos:editorialNote a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment . skos:example a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . skos:hiddenLabel a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:label . locn:fullAddress a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . foaf:logo a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . foaf:mbox a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . foaf:name a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . foaf:workplaceHomepage a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "OtelloRoscioni"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "OtelloRoscioni"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Otello M. Roscioni"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "FrancescaBleken"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "FrancescaBleken"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Francesca Lønstad Bleken"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "SebastianoMoruzzi"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "SebastianoMoruzzi"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Sebastiano Moruzzi"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "JesperFriis"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "JesperFriis"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Jesper Friis"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "GerhardGoldbeck"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "GerhardGoldbeck"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Gerhard Goldbeck"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "MichaelNoeske"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "MichaelNoeske"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Paul-Ludwig Michael Noeske"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "SimonClark"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "SimonClark"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Simon Clark"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "AdhamHashibon"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "AdhamHashibon"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Adham Hashibon"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "EmanueleGhedini"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "EmanueleGhedini"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Emanuele Ghedini"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "GeorgSchmitz"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "GeorgSchmitz"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Georg J. Schmitz"^^xsd:string . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "AnnedeBaas"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "AnnedeBaas"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Anne de Baas"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "FrancescoZaccarini"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "FrancescoZaccarini"^^xsd:string ; foaf:name "Francesco A. Zaccarini"^^xsd:string ; foaf:workplaceHomepage . emmo:EMMC_ASBL a owl:NamedIndividual ; rdfs:label "EMMC_ASBL"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "EMMC_ASBL"^^xsd:string ; locn:fullAddress """EMMC ASBL European Materials Modelling Council Silversquare Stéphanie Avenue Louise 54 1050 Brussels CBE no: 0731 621 312"""@en ; foaf:homepage "https://emmc.eu"^^xsd:string ; foaf:logo ; foaf:mbox ; foaf:name "EMMC ASBL"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_005fb227_d68a_4c41_bbee_e20bdd69a0bc a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isDeclaredBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_0ed18c6b_8289_44fd_a7d7_c15a8786cdc0 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_0d829933_29e3_4e61_b3d3_88e6b9d0d0ce ; skos:prefLabel "isDeclaredBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_0154a22e_2fd3_460a_a245_408ddb414f09 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isObjectOutputOf"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2bb50428_568d_46e8_b8bf_59a4c5656461 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_e701ec30_c993_48bf_8f29_fb10664065e5 ; skos:prefLabel "isObjectOutputOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_02face50_43a1_40ce_a909_dfe54d5e186b a owl:DatatypeProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:label "stringValue"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_5f334606_f67d_4f0e_acb9_eeb21cb10c66 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; skos:prefLabel "stringValue"@en ; emmo:note "The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO string data entity."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_048a14e3_65fb_457d_8695_948965c89492 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Laplacian"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:hasValue "Δ"^^xsd:string ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_436c8a78_f95d_42a0_9854_07ad3736f061 ], emmo:EMMO_f8a2fe9f_458b_4771_9aba_a50e76afc52d ; skos:prefLabel "Laplacian"@en . emmo:EMMO_057d0573_6ac0_4c27_9e3f_3c29205fd104 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDeducer"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_36a4c1ca_5085_49ca_9e13_4c70d00c50a5 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_db49de28_6993_459c_8562_ef861cc0a815 ; skos:prefLabel "hasDeducer"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation connecting an index sign to the interpreter (deducer) in a deduction process."@en . emmo:EMMO_0914449c_ef24_4372_b669_9cdd13b59fed a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Minimal"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ; skos:prefLabel "Minimal"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have no proper parts of the same type of the whole is proper part of an entity of that type."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Minimal.png"^^xsd:anyURI ; emmo:note "A minimal class M (subclass of Minimal) is defined by choosing a reference type φ so that M is subclass of φ, all parts of x are needed to keep φ(x) and x is proper part of a larger φ entity."@en . emmo:EMMO_0949a7de_78dc_421d_8603_3b685cb927a3 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isMemberOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:33fd15ab_7662_4cc6_8bf6_988422efc631, ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_559ab98c_1c7d_4794_996c_8c1d8d56381c ; owl:inverseOf emmo:33fd15ab_7662_4cc6_8bf6_988422efc631 ; skos:prefLabel "isMemberOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_0b6ebe5a_0026_4bef_a1c1_5be00df9f98e a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Inequality"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_88470739_03d3_4c47_a03e_b30a1288d50c ; skos:example "f(x) > 0"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Inequality"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions."@en . emmo:EMMO_0c1009ee_d84c_4b8c_bcea_756f07af1b32 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasObjectInput"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_36e69413_8c59_4799_946c_10b05d266e22 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_27ceaab7_8293_408d_a22b_ad4bf4a7bc2d ; skos:prefLabel "hasObjectInput"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O, where the non-overlapping part of O causes P."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/hasObjectInput.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_0d1c0018_42e2_4506_bc3d_f53c117c1ad3 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "AnalogData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c66ad523_3937_485e_91bb_ad488ddb373f ; skos:example "A vynil contain continuous information about the recorded sound."@en ; skos:prefLabel "AnalogData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Data that are decoded retaining its continuous variations characteristic."@en ; emmo:note "The fact that there may be a finite granularity in the variations of the material basis (e.g. the smallest peak in a vynil that can be recognized by the piezo-electric transducer) does not prevent a data to be analog. It means only that the focus on such data encoding is on a scale that makes such variations negligible, making them practically a continuum."@en . emmo:EMMO_0e1f2009_bf12_49d1_99f3_1422e5287d82 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "TemporalRole"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_edcb3871_900f_407f_912e_89f96d3e28de ; skos:altLabel "HolisticTemporalPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "TemporalRole"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An holistic temporal part of a whole."@en . emmo:EMMO_1246b120_abbe_4840_b0f8_3e4348b24a17 a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "contact"@en ; rdfs:comment "A person or organisation acting as a contact point for enquiries about the ontology resource"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "contact"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A person or organisation acting as a contact point for enquiries about the ontology resource"@en ; emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "The annotation should include an email address."@en . emmo:EMMO_135ab8ea_e028_439e_be64_3e0f9734ea2b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NaturalProcess"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; skos:altLabel "NonIntentionalProcess"@en ; skos:prefLabel "NaturalProcess"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A process occurring by natural (non-intentional) laws."@en . emmo:EMMO_157fdf31_6387_42be_8e72_10530519214a a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "illustration"@en ; rdfs:comment "A link to a graphical representation aimed to facilitate understanding of the concept, or of an annotation."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "illustration"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A link to a graphical representation aimed to facilitate understanding of the concept, or of an annotation."@en . emmo:EMMO_1b6a95fb_3df7_44c9_ad3d_419c9c5fe7cb a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Observed"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3d03a403_facd_48c6_b75e_7ab8b9299218 ; skos:example "The biography of a person met by the author."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Observed"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A coded that has been observed by an interpreter."@en . emmo:EMMO_1ce18268_dc63_42af_9113_6589331b5562 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Fork"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f7f41d20_eabb_4bcb_9a16_0436851fcd5c ; skos:prefLabel "Fork"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A tessellation in which a tile has next two or more non spatially connected tiles."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Fork.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_20ff3b34_c864_4936_8955_9345fc0a3b3c a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Array3D"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b2282816_b7a3_44c6_b2cb_3feff1ceb7fe ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_1cba0b27_15d0_4326_933f_379d0b3565b6 ], emmo:EMMO_28fbea28_2204_4613_87ff_6d877b855fcd ; skos:altLabel "3DArray"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Array3D"@en ; emmo:elucidation "3-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are matrices."@en . emmo:EMMO_21abaf92_62dd_488d_9ec3_8e5e8586b8ec a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Understanding"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1783139f_575f_4e41_a409_1e70aceced27 ; skos:prefLabel "Understanding"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a sign, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation, leading to potential interpretations."@en . emmo:EMMO_223d9523_4169_4ecd_b8af_acad1215e1ff a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Exponent"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3c424d37_cf62_41b1_ac9d_a316f8d113d6 ; skos:prefLabel "Exponent"@en . emmo:EMMO_24b30ba4_90f4_423d_93d2_fd0fde349087 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Shape4x3Matrix"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1cba0b27_15d0_4326_933f_379d0b3565b6 ; skos:prefLabel "Shape4x3Matrix"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A real matrix with shape 4x3."@en . emmo:EMMO_251cfb4f_5c75_4778_91ed_6c8395212fd8 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Subjective"@en ; rdfs:comment """The word subjective applies to property intrisically subjective or non-well defined. In general, when an black-box-like procedure is used for the definition of the property. This happens due to e.g. the complexity of the object, the lack of a underlying model for the representation of the object, the non-well specified meaning of the property symbols. A 'SubjectiveProperty' cannot be used to univocally compare 'Object'-s. e.g. you cannot evaluate the beauty of a person on objective basis."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_4292fdcd_bbba_4d99_95c6_daa533d952ef ; skos:example """The beauty of that girl. The style of your clothing."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Subjective"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A coded conventional that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community) acting as black-box."@en . emmo:EMMO_297999d6_c9e4_4262_9536_bd524d1c6e21 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasIndex"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_c4017688_965b_4201_acb2_2f1caf2be760 ; skos:prefLabel "hasIndex"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation that connects a deduced semiotic object to an index in a deduction process."@en . emmo:EMMO_2a888cdf_ec4a_4ec5_af1c_0343372fc978 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Objective"@en ; rdfs:comment """The word objective does not mean that each observation will provide the same results. It means that the observation followed a well defined procedure. This class refers to what is commonly known as physical property, i.e. a measurable property of physical system, whether is quantifiable or not."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_4292fdcd_bbba_4d99_95c6_daa533d952ef ; skos:prefLabel "Objective"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A coded conventional that is determined by each interpeter following a well defined determination procedure through a specific perception channel."@en . emmo:EMMO_2b1303e8_d4c3_453b_9918_76f1d009543f a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Multiplication"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:hasValue "*"^^xsd:string ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_436c8a78_f95d_42a0_9854_07ad3736f061 ], emmo:EMMO_707f0cd1_941c_4b57_9f20_d0ba30cd6ff3 ; skos:prefLabel "Multiplication"@en . emmo:EMMO_2b44fb2a_ada8_46af_a961_6e534a61416d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Verifying"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1783139f_575f_4e41_a409_1e70aceced27 ; skos:prefLabel "Verifying"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiosis where an interpretant, already present in the internal representational space of the interpreter, is resolved by the interpreter by identifying the referent, i.e. the entity for which the sign stands for according to the interpreter understanding."@en . emmo:EMMO_2d572205_274c_414a_9564_01c3e14e3c8f a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isInfluencedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_86726b7c_b208_4690_893e_0cc798fac974 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_3c51ea74_43a4_42d5_953b_fcb43f359c73 ; skos:prefLabel "isInfluencedBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O that proper overlaps a process P, where the non-overlapping part of P causes O."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/isInfluencedBy.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_2dddfc30_d4e1_4e3e_a0ca_755c4d9d2cf4 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Heap"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ; skos:prefLabel "Heap"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have at least two non overlapping proper parts of the same type of the whole."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Heap.png"^^xsd:anyURI ; emmo:note "A heap class H (subclass of Heap) is defined by choosing a reference type φ, with H subclass of φ, so that each H entity has non overlapping φ parts."@en . emmo:EMMO_2eb10b5b_900b_44d7_af85_4de9a3729474 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasInterval"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce, emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591, emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ; skos:prefLabel "hasInterval"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process whole and a temporal part of the same type."@en . emmo:EMMO_2fe8b850_9f2d_4c13_8be9_6ae2487de393 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isRemovedFrom"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_eb3ffec6_3d69_4633_a3b1_088ad53cb00b ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_5aa0f895_1567_4239_8343_29e91a33d4c9 ; skos:prefLabel "isRemovedFrom"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O1 and a object O2 that proper overlap, where the non overapping part of O2 is caused by O1."@en . emmo:EMMO_2ff07b07_c447_490f_903a_f6a72a12d7bf a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Shape3Vector"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_06658d8d_dcde_4fc9_aae1_17f71c0bcdec ; skos:example "The quantity value of physical quantities if real space is a Shape3Vector."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Shape3Vector"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A real vector with 3 elements."@en . emmo:EMMO_2ff657b6_1c9f_4335_bba2_ea4428422977 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "MatrixData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_9e49caad_b29e_4cf1_9be4_80419fd1e45c ; skos:prefLabel "MatrixData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "SubClassOf: hasSpatialTile some VectorData"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The datatype for bidimensional arrays."@en . emmo:EMMO_31252f35_c767_4b97_a877_1235076c3e13 a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "conceptualisation"@en ; rdfs:comment "The conceptualisation annotation is a comment that helps the reader to understand how the world has been conceptualised by the ontology authors."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "conceptualisation"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The conceptualisation annotation is a comment that helps the reader to understand how the world has been conceptualised by the ontology authors."@en ; emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "A conceptualisation is the preliminary step behind each theory, preceding each logical formalisation. The readers approaching an ontology entity should first read the conceptualisation annotation to clearly understand \"what we are talking about\" and the accompanying terminology, and then read the elucidation."@en, "An conceptualisation can provide references to external knowledge sources (i.e. ISO, Goldbook, RoMM)."@en . emmo:EMMO_31693539_435a_4b0d_9366_b01e4f294a28 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "gets"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_86726b7c_b208_4690_893e_0cc798fac974 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_ea7724fe_ba5d_4201_865e_761cb6fe9f99 ; skos:prefLabel "gets"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O1 that proper overlaps an object O2, where the non-overlapping part of O2 causes O1."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/gets.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_339d8e1a_f52a_42cd_8df5_57b5328b939e a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasFragment"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:76413949_896c_4363_a955_de4722c6e149 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_44549f38_809e_4d51_bb10_de31029055b9 ; skos:prefLabel "hasFragment"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between two individuals representing a collection and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole."@en . emmo:EMMO_35c29eb6_f57e_48d8_85af_854f9e926e77 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isParticipatedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d78b940d_4e2a_4a46_816b_da89029adc19 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_e1c65ca8_6fed_4859_b320_5f14928e8464 ; skos:prefLabel "isParticipatedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_39c3815d_8cae_4c8f_b2ff_eeba24bec455 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasIcon"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_ef2d83f4_1f8a_4c11_aa62_1ea7a0cbd837 ; skos:prefLabel "hasIcon"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation that connects a recognised semiotic object to an icon in a cognition process."@en . emmo:EMMO_3d450778_fb55_40ac_b44c_c74699f677b7 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "impacts"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_3733bd38_ca2b_4264_a92a_3075a1715598 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_573dd48c_50f4_460a_aaa1_ff1512cd2a35 ; skos:prefLabel "impacts"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An indirect causal relation that relates process P1 to process P2 where the output of process P1 is the input to process P2."@en . emmo:EMMO_408a46b2_3930_46da_b936_e9ce72ffdde9 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasJunctionPart"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9a50a0ae_841a_46fe_8b23_3df319b60611 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_f37fc69b_d6fd_44de_9c66_3c70b2efb7f4 ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ; skos:altLabel "hasSpatioTemporalPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasJunctionPart"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The part is connected with the rest item or members with both hasNext (or its inverse) and hasContact relations."@en . emmo:EMMO_40ff176a_e74d_46cc_88c5_6d02fd6813a7 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NonNuclear"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e95b9f89_3ffd_4ea5_b682_97c4cc191a8d ; skos:prefLabel "NonNuclear"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type φ of the whole, but have no φ proper part that is part of other φ proper parts."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/NonNuclear.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_449beacd_4fda_4d46_a723_d2118f4e2623 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "affects"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_29e45c39_cc99_43f8_a545_f329f622f551 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d3d46e3f_20c0_4507_9076_2c849ada490a ; skos:prefLabel "affects"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P that through overlaps an object O."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/affects.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_451ce6e1_9742_4e04_9bf8_acfcc81876f1 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isProcessOutputOf"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2bb50428_568d_46e8_b8bf_59a4c5656461 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d162b33e_e1f5_47dc_b06f_58f35e591f45 ; skos:prefLabel "isProcessOutputOf"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P1 that proper overlaps a process P2, where the non overlapping part of P1 is caused by P2."@en . emmo:EMMO_46d5643b_9706_4b67_8bea_ed77d6026539 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Minus"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:hasValue "-"^^xsd:string ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_436c8a78_f95d_42a0_9854_07ad3736f061 ], emmo:EMMO_707f0cd1_941c_4b57_9f20_d0ba30cd6ff3 ; skos:prefLabel "Minus"@en . emmo:EMMO_48eb64b4_2ca6_41ff_9d8c_cf2b1cb724e6 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Resolving"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_ea5a4079_dbca_4ae7_80f4_415643f95257 ; skos:example "Someone says: \"Ketchup.\" (sign). I (interpreter) hear that, elaborate internally the perception by creating an internal representation (interpretant), and then reach for the ketchup bottle (referent)."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Resolving"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a sign, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation. Than the interpretant is resolved by the interpreter by identifying the referent, i.e. the entity for which the sign stands for according to the interpreter understanding."@en . emmo:EMMO_4bc29b0f_8fcc_4026_a291_f9774a66d9b8 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "MathematicalFunction"@en ; rdfs:comment "A mathematical relation that relates each element in the domain (X) to exactly one element in the range (Y)."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_29afdf54_90ae_4c98_8845_fa9ea3f143a8 ; skos:altLabel "FunctionDefinition"@en ; skos:example "y = f(x)"@en ; skos:prefLabel "MathematicalFunction"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A function defined using functional notation."@en . emmo:EMMO_4e8771a0_78fc_4db9_aec7_915fb4c7c55d a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isSignFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc, ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_e1f718c7_27b6_49fa_af01_9ece7c79b654 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ; skos:prefLabel "isSignFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_50ea1ec5_f157_41b0_b46b_a9032f17ca10 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "String"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_89a0c87c_0804_4013_937a_6fe234d9499c ; skos:example """The word "cat" considered as a collection of 'symbol'-s respecting the rules of english language. In this example the 'symbolic' entity "cat" is not related to the real cat, but it is only a word (like it would be to an italian person that ignores the meaning of this english word). If an 'interpreter' skilled in english language is involved in a 'semiotic' process with this word, that "cat" became also a 'sign' i.e. it became for the 'interpreter' a representation for a real cat."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "String"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A physical made of more than one symbol sequentially arranged."@en ; emmo:note "A string is made of concatenated symbols whos arrangement is one-dimensional. Each symbol can have only one previous and one next neighborhood (bidirectional list)."@en, "A string is not requested to respect any syntactic rule: it's simply directly made of symbols."@en . emmo:EMMO_51e72e5c_ab21_4d0e_ad9f_b168eca89cf4 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasCognised"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_7ee1c29c_c453_4ad8_96d4_5103229fa60d ; skos:prefLabel "hasCognised"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation connecting a recogniting interpreter to the \"cognised\" semiotic object in a cognition process."@en . emmo:EMMO_535d75a4_1972_40bc_88c6_ca566386934f a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Equals"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:hasValue "="^^xsd:string ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_436c8a78_f95d_42a0_9854_07ad3736f061 ], emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0, emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ; skos:prefLabel "Equals"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The equals symbol."@en . emmo:EMMO_5369d256_5866_4729_adc2_1498ee9a4959 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasCogniser"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9950720f_a0b4_40f5_92db_071a3e4bbf4b ; skos:prefLabel "hasCogniser"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation connecting an icon to a interpreter (cogniser) in a cognition process."@en . emmo:EMMO_571a8adb_f38f_4122_8754_044ea2490cd0 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "processedTo"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_3733bd38_ca2b_4264_a92a_3075a1715598 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_7821eeb8_5e44_452b_90e9_3db03bbef241 ; skos:altLabel "isProcessedTo"@en ; skos:prefLabel "processedTo"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An indirect causal relation that relates the input of a process to its output."@en . emmo:EMMO_5d2a2443_5c1c_4239_b707_bae3cbf77fc2 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isProcessInputOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_1494c1a9_00e1_40c2_a9cc_9bbf302a1cac ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_eaef29bd_bd79_4de1_b192_4fdc9016730b ; skos:prefLabel "isProcessInputOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_607b00f2_812c_4aa9_9253_266d266af1fa a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isPropertyPart"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_07808d05_18d1_4253_96e5_58b8277347de ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_64e4d7b0_f07b_4328_9282_7bf9fb0c3d09 . emmo:EMMO_6dd685dd_1895_46e4_b227_be9f7d643c25 a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "dbpediaReference"@en ; rdfs:comment "URL to corresponding dpbedia entry."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://wiki.dbpedia.org/"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "dbpediaReference"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "URL to corresponding dpbedia entry."@en . emmo:EMMO_6e78433a_dbb9_409a_a7c0_4037f79d4ed8 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Uncoded"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_e999f9e0_7d63_4564_9028_07246580a267 ], emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 ; skos:example "A random generated id for a product."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Uncoded"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A conventional that provides no possibility to infer the characteristics of the object to which it refers."@en . emmo:EMMO_6fa1feac_c388_44cc_a721_283499d5addc a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "QuantumData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1e1cfc11_aa1a_44d4_a8d0_31e26deb2d19 ; skos:prefLabel "QuantumData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Data that are expressed through quantum mechanical principles, and that can have several values ​​/ be in several states in the same place at the same time (quantum superposition), each of them with a certain probability."@en . emmo:EMMO_70fe84ff_99b6_4206_a9fc_9a8931836d84 a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "definition"@en ; rdfs:comment "Precise and univocal description of an ontological entity in the framework of an axiomatic system."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "definition"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "Precise and univocal description of an ontological entity in the framework of an axiomatic system."@en ; emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "A definition univocally determines a OWL entity using necessary and sufficient conditions referring to other OWL entities."@en . emmo:EMMO_79aad3fb_2e01_4626_8369_4e914893aa6d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Broadcast"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_2b1fb71c_0eb0_445c_9be7_fb5d30ae79fd ; skos:prefLabel "Broadcast"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A mixed tiling in which a tile has next spatially connected tiles."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Broadcast.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_79fa18f3_6da9_42b9_8cc3_08d9e5c9da87 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isInterpreterFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0, ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_e1f718c7_27b6_49fa_af01_9ece7c79b654 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ; skos:prefLabel "isInterpreterFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_7f92ac53_3a89_41a4_af5c_a8ad320a7936 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NonConvergent"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8f449738_cedb_436c_bdec_1c8e78bdb644 ; skos:prefLabel "NonConvergent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type φ of the whole, and so that for every two distinct φ proper parts one is not part of the other."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/NonConvergent.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_888a5dea_3b7d_4dc0_93f2_d4e345a1f903 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NumericalData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f0fec2df_41f0_4412_b28a_592858c065f0 ; skos:prefLabel "NumericalData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Data that can be decoded under a quantitative schema and also associated with a graphical number symbols."@en . emmo:EMMO_89083bab_f69c_4d06_bf6d_62973b56cdc7 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ArithmeticExpression"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Class ; owl:complementOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b2282816_b7a3_44c6_b2cb_3feff1ceb7fe ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_1eed0732_e3f1_4b2c_a9c4_b4e75eeb5895 ] ], emmo:EMMO_1aed91a3_d00c_48af_8f43_a0c958b2512a ; skos:example "2+2"@en ; skos:prefLabel "ArithmeticExpression"@en . emmo:EMMO_8a9b62df_e1ee_463b_bd1c_9fd9a572e970 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "generates"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_bed37b1f_0479_4b61_bd49_54e25f414222 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_ee518694_9a11_41e5_ada2_8c68c62c2993 ; skos:prefLabel "generates"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O that proper overlaps a process P, where the non-overlapping part of P is caused by O."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/generates.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_8ced4dcc_ba95_4e5f_a54d_68b928c367a0 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Communicating"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_ea5a4079_dbca_4ae7_80f4_415643f95257 ; skos:example "I (interpreter) see an entity (referent) whose perception stimulates in me an internal representation (interpretant). Then I say: \"Ketchup.\" (sign) with the intention of communicate externally something about that entity."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Communicating"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a referent, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation. Than the interpretant is communicated by the interpreter by the production of a sign, i.e. the entity that stands for the referent according to the interpreter."@en . emmo:EMMO_8de14a59_660b_454f_aff8_76a07ce185f4 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Plus"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:hasValue "+"^^xsd:string ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_436c8a78_f95d_42a0_9854_07ad3736f061 ], emmo:EMMO_707f0cd1_941c_4b57_9f20_d0ba30cd6ff3 ; skos:prefLabel "Plus"@en . emmo:EMMO_91447ec0_fb55_49f2_85a5_3172dff6482c a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Polynomial"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1aed91a3_d00c_48af_8f43_a0c958b2512a ; skos:example "2 * x^2 + x + 3"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Polynomial"@en . emmo:EMMO_92829beb_6ed4_4c88_bbd5_3bc7403e2895 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "TemporalSequence"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f7f41d20_eabb_4bcb_9a16_0436851fcd5c ; skos:altLabel "Sequence"@en ; skos:prefLabel "TemporalSequence"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A tessellation of temporal slices."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Sequence.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_98d65021_4574_4890_b2fb_46430841077f a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "AlgebraicEquation"@en ; rdfs:comment "An 'equation' that has parts two 'polynomial'-s"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_1aed91a3_d00c_48af_8f43_a0c958b2512a ], emmo:EMMO_e56ee3eb_7609_4ae1_8bed_51974f0960a6 ; skos:example "2 * a - b = c"@en ; skos:prefLabel "AlgebraicEquation"@en . emmo:EMMO_9b87d718_9dcc_4f7d_ad20_12c2aa4c76be a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Estimated"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3d03a403_facd_48c6_b75e_7ab8b9299218 ; skos:example "The biography of a person that the author have not met."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Estimated"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A coded that is assigned from an estimation."@en . emmo:EMMO_9e985b2c_d36d_4ab5_ab01_3290b6747757 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DateData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#date"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 ; skos:prefLabel "DateData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing a date."@en . emmo:EMMO_9f4f4fab_80bc_44e9_81a2_b7ef07ba4011 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Learning"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1783139f_575f_4e41_a409_1e70aceced27 ; skos:prefLabel "Learning"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiosis where the interpreter perceives a referent, that generates the interpretant as interpreter's internal representation.The interpretant is not commmunicated to the external world, but kept in the internal representational space of the interpreter."@en . emmo:EMMO_a0a2ded8_54e8_408d_a6b0_7fd1b4d7d16d a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDeduced"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_36a4c1ca_5085_49ca_9e13_4c70d00c50a5 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_c0fc29e4_0b93_4d78_83a5_220877d6301f ; skos:prefLabel "hasDeduced"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation connecting a deducing interpreter to the \"deduced\" semiotic object in a deduction process."@en . emmo:EMMO_a1b66ab5_0b29_4b9d_823e_5aec9768517e a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isDeclarerFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_cd9a3a58_dabc_4c46_9ea4_03ca000b2022 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cc823237_398d_4c9a_b8fa_aa157ee3e3a5 ; skos:prefLabel "isDeclarerFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_a365b3c1_7bde_41d7_a15b_2820762e85f4 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Division"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:hasValue "/"^^xsd:string ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_436c8a78_f95d_42a0_9854_07ad3736f061 ], emmo:EMMO_707f0cd1_941c_4b57_9f20_d0ba30cd6ff3 ; skos:prefLabel "Division"@en . emmo:EMMO_a6138ba7_e365_4f2d_b6b4_fe5a5918d403 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ArithmeticEquation"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e56ee3eb_7609_4ae1_8bed_51974f0960a6 ; skos:example "1 + 1 = 2"@en ; skos:prefLabel "ArithmeticEquation"@en . emmo:EMMO_abf30c80_6a0e_496e_b6dd_0439f0050fde a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isInternalRepresentationBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:EMMO_da27d905_beb6_44ea_a330_a2dd9c17b263, ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_e1f718c7_27b6_49fa_af01_9ece7c79b654 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_da27d905_beb6_44ea_a330_a2dd9c17b263 ; skos:prefLabel "isInternalRepresentationBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_ac1a05c5_0c17_4387_bac0_683f2a86f3ed a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NonNumericalData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f0fec2df_41f0_4412_b28a_592858c065f0 ; skos:prefLabel "NonNumericalData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Data that are non-quantitatively interpreted (e.g., qualitative data, types)."@en . emmo:EMMO_ae15fb4f_8e4d_41de_a0f9_3997f89ba6a2 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "KnownConstant"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:allValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_4ce76d7f_03f8_45b6_9003_90052a79bfaa ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_3446e167_c576_49d6_846c_215bb8878a55 ] ], emmo:EMMO_4ce76d7f_03f8_45b6_9003_90052a79bfaa, emmo:EMMO_8c64fcfa_23aa_45f8_9e58_bdfd065fab8f ; skos:example "π refers to the constant number ~3.14"@en ; skos:prefLabel "KnownConstant"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A variable that stand for a well known numerical constant (a known number)."@en . emmo:EMMO_b1862e72_219f_4fc0_b58c_b26339f6dc88 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Gathering"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_2b1fb71c_0eb0_445c_9be7_fb5d30ae79fd ; skos:prefLabel "Gathering"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A mixed tiling in which a tile is the next of spatially connected tiles."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Gathering.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_b19aacfc_5f73_4c33_9456_469c1e89a53e a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDatum"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_194e367c_9783_4bf5_96d0_9ad597d48d9a ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_50d6236a_7667_4883_8ae1_9bb5d190423a ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_55354438_7000_4284_b1b9_59d60c2261b9 ; skos:prefLabel "hasDatum"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Relates a dataset to its datum."@en . emmo:EMMO_b1daa610_64c6_4935_94b8_a19db586a2f6 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasPortion"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606, emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591 ; skos:example "A volume of 1 cc of milk within a 1 litre can be considered still milk as a whole. If you scale down to a cluster of molecules, than the milk cannot be considered a fluid no more (and then no more a milk)."@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasPortion"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a object whole and its spatial part of the same type."@en . emmo:EMMO_b3ddad94_ef7e_4b97_8329_9e7c788dd94d a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isPropertyFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_55375713_8f92_473b_a688_b7fcc14f7797 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_e1097637_70d2_4895_973f_2396f04fa204 ; skos:prefLabel "isPropertyFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_b4494d69_6393_4eb4_8346_7fedd4df0bc5 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Maximal"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ; skos:prefLabel "Maximal"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have no proper parts of the same type of the whole are not proper part of an entity of that type."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Maximal.png"^^xsd:anyURI ; emmo:note "A maximal class M (subclass of Maximal) is defined by choosing a reference type φ so that M is subclass of φ, all parts of x are needed to keep φ(x) and if you add something to x, then x is no more a φ."@en . emmo:EMMO_b501a8ed_ae15_4288_9d92_1026463e95cb a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Convergent"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8f449738_cedb_436c_bdec_1c8e78bdb644 ; skos:prefLabel "Convergent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type φ of the whole, and so that for every two distinct φ proper parts one is part of the other."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Convergent.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_b5c58790_fb2d_42eb_b184_2a3f6ca60acb a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Gradient"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:hasValue "∇"^^xsd:string ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_436c8a78_f95d_42a0_9854_07ad3736f061 ], emmo:EMMO_f8a2fe9f_458b_4771_9aba_a50e76afc52d ; skos:prefLabel "Gradient"@en . emmo:EMMO_b9522e56_1fac_4766_97e6_428605fabd3e a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "HolisticArrangement"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ; skos:prefLabel "HolisticArrangement"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A system which is mainly characterised by the spatial configuration of its elements."@en . emmo:EMMO_bcc1e604_874d_42e3_9885_8be3dac03327 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SpatialSequence"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_36c79456_e29c_400d_8bd3_0eedddb82652 ; skos:altLabel "Sequence"@en ; skos:prefLabel "SpatialSequence"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A monodimensional arrangement of tiles."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/SpatialSequence.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_c0f48dc6_4a32_4d9a_a956_d68415954a8e a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasEndTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_edf72228_e040_4edc_8b46_78b2a47c72d7 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_65a2c5b8_e4d8_4a51_b2f8_e55effc0547d ; skos:altLabel "hasTemporalLast"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasEndTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only ingoing temporal connections."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_c58c799e_cc6c_4310_a3f1_78da70705b2a a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDescription"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_35d4c439_fcb6_4399_a855_a89a207b41e9 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_eb3518bf_f799_4f9e_8c3e_ce59af11453b ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_f702bad4_fc77_41f0_a26d_79f6444fd4f3 ; skos:prefLabel "hasDescription"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a description in a declaration process."@en . emmo:EMMO_c7ee175d_4c25_45cb_b74e_71435b11b77d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Join"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f7f41d20_eabb_4bcb_9a16_0436851fcd5c ; skos:prefLabel "Join"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A tessellation in which a tile is next for two or more non spatially connected tiles."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Join.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_c84c6752_6d64_48cc_9500_e54a3c34898d a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "wikipediaReference"@en ; rdfs:comment "URL to corresponding Wikipedia entry."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.wikipedia.org/"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "wikipediaReference"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "URL to corresponding Wikipedia entry."@en . emmo:EMMO_caa63d00_80b1_4408_ac1b_cd0d23b0ec50 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "IntermidiateTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_5e38e44b_a0d1_4afc_a876_95095c0a589f ; skos:prefLabel "IntermidiateTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A tile that has next and is next of other tiles within the same tessellation."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/ThroughTile.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_cd4ca7b9_127d_41ce_81fd_bbb312263aca a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isContributedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d78b940d_4e2a_4a46_816b_da89029adc19 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_f09e1d0a_07ce_4121_8c89_5bd67b7e8116 ; skos:prefLabel "isContributedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_d05e7aea_7d45_412c_8724_43772ee92240 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isPartakenBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d78b940d_4e2a_4a46_816b_da89029adc19 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_e9d65041_d87d_4b04_9fe9_1eed8f9c0370 ; skos:prefLabel "isPartakenBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O1 that through overlaps an object O2."@en . emmo:EMMO_d1d436e7_72fc_49cd_863b_7bfb4ba5276a a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Parameter"@en ; rdfs:comment "A variable whose value is assumed to be known independently from the equation, but whose value is not explicitated in the equation."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_9e029526_79a2_47a8_a151_dd0545db471b ; skos:example "Viscosity in the Navier-Stokes equation"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Parameter"@en . emmo:EMMO_d95ff9c8_e43f_4701_a761_f2ed601eb61d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "VectorData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_9e49caad_b29e_4cf1_9be4_80419fd1e45c ; skos:prefLabel "VectorData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "SubClassOf: hasSpatialTile some ScalarData"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The datatype for monodimensional arrays."@en . emmo:EMMO_dd8301d8_affa_4b1d_8db8_7b9d0a1f2ee7 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ScalarData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 ; skos:prefLabel "ScalarData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A symbolic data that is not array data."@en ; emmo:note "Scalar data are primitive symbolic data that are not built up of other types of symbolic data."@en . emmo:EMMO_ed257e78_8b59_44c3_9d61_06c261184f55 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ClassicalData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1e1cfc11_aa1a_44d4_a8d0_31e26deb2d19 ; skos:prefLabel "ClassicalData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Data that are expressed through classical physics mechanisms, having one value and one state, and being in the same place at the same time."@en . emmo:EMMO_f93fe78b_9646_4a15_b88b_1c93686a764d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Network"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ; skos:prefLabel "Network"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A system whose is mainly characterised by the way in which elements are interconnected."@en . emmo:EMMO_faf79f53_749d_40b2_807c_d34244c192f4 a owl:DatatypeProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:label "numberValue"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_8b305b63_6fa3_44dd_9679_17eb8403a07a ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; skos:prefLabel "numberValue"@en ; emmo:note "The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO numerical data entity."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_fcae603e_aa6e_4940_9fa1_9f0909cabf3b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NonTemporalRole"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_edcb3871_900f_407f_912e_89f96d3e28de ; skos:altLabel "HolisticSpatialPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "NonTemporalRole"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An holistic spatial part of a whole."@en . emmo:EMMO_fd1b5969_4b86_4423_910b_41260edf8e97 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Expressing"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1783139f_575f_4e41_a409_1e70aceced27 ; skos:prefLabel "Expressing"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiosis where the interpreter wants to express an interpretant (e.g., an idea, a reasoning, a distant entity) to the rest of the world by the production of a sign. In the intention of the interpreter, the sign should impress another agent with an intended interpretation that should match his one."@en . emmo:EMMO_fe63194f_7c04_4dbd_a244_524b38b6699b a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasBeginTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_fa595892_070d_455e_9459_06c97179c080 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_65a2c5b8_e4d8_4a51_b2f8_e55effc0547d ; skos:altLabel "hasTemporalFirst"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasBeginTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between the whole and a temporal tile that has only outgoing temporal connections."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_fe7e56ce_118b_4243_9aad_20eb9f4f31f6 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Unknown"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_9e029526_79a2_47a8_a151_dd0545db471b ; skos:example "Velocity, for the Navier-Stokes equation."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Unknown"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The dependent variable for which an equation has been written."@en . emmo:EMMO_ffe760a2_9d1f_4aef_8bee_1f450f9cb00d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "MathematicalConstruct"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_5be83f9c_a4ba_4b9a_be1a_5bfc6e891231 ] ; owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0 emmo:EMMO_89a0c87c_0804_4013_937a_6fe234d9499c ) ] ; skos:prefLabel "MathematicalConstruct"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A construct of two or more mathematical symbols."@en . emmo:contact a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "contact"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; skos:prefLabel "contact"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A person or organisation acting as a contact point for enquiries about the ontology resource"@en ; emmo:note "The annotation should include an email address."@en . emmo:dbpediaReference a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "dbpediaReference"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://wiki.dbpedia.org/"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso ; skos:prefLabel "dbpediaReference"@en ; emmo:elucidation "URL to corresponding dpbedia entry."@en . emmo:illustration a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "illustration"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso ; skos:prefLabel "illustration"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A link to a graphical representation aimed to facilitate understanding of the concept, or of an annotation."@en . emmo:wikipediaReference a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "wikipediaReference"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.wikipedia.org/"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso ; skos:prefLabel "wikipediaReference"@en ; emmo:elucidation "URL to corresponding Wikipedia entry."@en . a owl:Ontology ; ns1:termsabstract "This module connects the SOFT7 data model and the metamodel described in entity.ttl and metamodel.ttl, respectively, to EMMO."@en ; ns1:termscreator "Jesper Friis, SINTEF"@en, "Thomas Hagelien, SINTEF"@en ; ns1:termslicense "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"^^xsd:string ; ns1:termstitle "Datamodel ontology"@en ; owl:versionIRI . dm:Collection a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Collection"@en ; rdfs:comment """A collection is a special type of instance that contains a set of (references to) other instances and relations between these instances. In SOFT and DLite, collections are implemented as instances with a list of relations (rdf subject-predicate-object triples) as their only property. The member instances are referred to with a label that is local to the collection."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf dm:Instance ; skos:prefLabel "Collection"@en . dm:hasHash a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "hasHash"@en ; rdfs:comment "The hash of an instance."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Instance ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range rdfs:Literal ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:dataRelation ; skos:prefLabel "hasHash"@en . dm:hasRelation a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "hasRelation"@en ; rdfs:comment """In the case that the type of a property refer to an entity, 'hasRelation' can be used to specify the type of relation between the property and the referred entity. Typical values are: "dm:composition" "dm:connection" "dm:relation" or any of their sub-properties."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:dataRelation ; skos:prefLabel "hasRelation"@en . dm:hasType a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "hasType"@en ; rdfs:comment "May change in the future."@en, "Refer to a comment. Normally just a string with a type name, like \"float\". Ideally this should be an object property referring to a type in an ontology."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Property ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:dataComposition ; skos:prefLabel "hasType"@en . dm:instanceOf a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "instanceOf"@en ; rdfs:comment "Relates an instance to the class that describes it."@en, """The semantic meaning of 'instanceOf' is the same as 'rdf:type'. But since first order logic, of which OWL descriptive logic is based on, we introduce 'instanceOf' as an annotation property."""@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Instance ; rdfs:isDefinedBy , ; rdfs:range dm:Metadata ; skos:prefLabel "instanceOf"@en . dm:relation a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "relation"@en ; rdfs:comment """In UML this is is a subproperty of association that is not an aggregation. In EMMO this may be interpreted as 'semiotical'."""@en, "Note that this object property is not in the datamodel ontology, but may be used as a value of the 'hasRelation' data property of 'Property'."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:DataModel ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:DataModel ; rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topObjectProperty, emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; skos:prefLabel "relation"@en . emmo:0528e41d_edd2_49f9_bd2a_aeabdc215515 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasMultipleMembers"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:33fd15ab_7662_4cc6_8bf6_988422efc631 ; skos:prefLabel "hasMultipleMembers"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A sub collection relation where the proper part is fully encompasses some of the members of the collection."@en . emmo:EMMO_01e5766d_dac3_4574_8a78_310de92a5c9d a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isNotCauseOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_32eb7161_60ed_4431_8326_81a92aec088c ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; skos:prefLabel "isNotCauseOf"@en ; emmo:definition "x isNotCauseOf y iff not(x isCauseOf y)"@en . emmo:EMMO_0d829933_29e3_4e61_b3d3_88e6b9d0d0ce a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDeclared"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ; skos:prefLabel "hasDeclared"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation connecting a declaring interpreter to the \"declared\" semiotic object in a declaration process."@en . emmo:EMMO_10bbe9e9_46b6_4b5d_8b51_ed759fc21f21 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DateTimeStampData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#dateTimeStamp"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0e03a375_8af8_46db_88ae_a45fe2d2940f ; skos:prefLabel "DateTimeStampData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:dateTimeStamp"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data that represents instants of time, marked with a particular time zone offset."@en . emmo:EMMO_13191289_6c2b_4741_93e1_82d53bd0e703 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Participant"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_ae2d1a96_bfa1_409a_a7d2_03d69e8a125a ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ], emmo:EMMO_9d799b43_e188_4047_8167_121d96b31a26 ; skos:example "A student during an examination."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Participant"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An object which is a spatial part of a process."@en . emmo:EMMO_1440d010_e4c5_4597_8858_1d58cb1fb28f a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasStatus"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_d9589ed2_5304_48b3_9795_11bf44e64e9b ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ; skos:prefLabel "hasStatus"@en . emmo:EMMO_194e367c_9783_4bf5_96d0_9ad597d48d9a a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Dataset"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1a40459e_10d8_49b3_bb8c_c3595fb1d0bb ; skos:prefLabel "Dataset"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Encoded data made of more than one datum."@en . emmo:EMMO_1f96db65_51df_4e8d_afd2_9c6b8bd40058 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "HexBinaryData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#hexBinary"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1daaf7b2_e7bf_4b3a_b7f6_8aa3f3c3d080 ; skos:prefLabel "HexBinaryData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:hexBinary"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "Hexadecimal encoding of binary data, using the alphabet [0-9a-f]."@en . emmo:EMMO_210e7e99_c1cf_44cc_87c7_310a10ff068b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Behaviour"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_ebc8c324_8e7a_4b09_bcb5_306e0c461d24 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ], emmo:EMMO_846b637b_7b12_47a1_9430_0274b2f588ac ; skos:example "Accelerating is a behaviour of a car."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Behaviour"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A process which is a temporal part of an object."@en . emmo:EMMO_21f56795_ee72_4858_b571_11cfaa59c1a8 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Number"@en ; rdfs:comment "A number individual provides the link between the ontology and the actual data, through the data property hasNumericalValue."@en, "A number is actually a string (e.g. 1.4, 1e-8) of numerical digits and other symbols. However, in order not to increase complexity of the taxonomy and relations, here we take a number as an \"atomic\" object, without decomposit it in digits (i.e. we do not include digits in the EMMO as alphabet for numbers)."@en, """In math usually number and numeral are distinct concepts, the numeral being the symbol or a composition of symbols (e.g. 3.14, 010010, three) and the number is the idea behind it. More than one numeral stands for the same number. In the EMMO abstract entities do not exists, and numbers are simply defined by other numerals, so that a number is the class of all the numerals that are equivalent (e.g. 3 and 0011 are numerals that stands for the same number). Or alternatively, an integer numeral may also stands for a set of a specific cardinality (e.g. 3 stands for a set of three apples). Rational and real numbers are simply a syntactic arrangment of integers (digits, in decimal system). The fact that you can't give a name to a number without using a numeral or, in case of positive integers, without referring to a real world objects set with specific cardinality, suggests that the abstract concept of number is not a concept that can be practically used. For these reasons, the EMMO will consider numerals and numbers as the same concept."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_4ce76d7f_03f8_45b6_9003_90052a79bfaa, emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ; skos:altLabel "Numeral"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Number"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A numerical data value."@en . emmo:EMMO_220218b0_bbe2_489e_a68a_232e3610718e a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Base64Binary"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#base64Binary"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1daaf7b2_e7bf_4b3a_b7f6_8aa3f3c3d080 ; skos:prefLabel "Base64Binary"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:base64Binary"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "Base-64 encoding of binary data."@en . emmo:EMMO_23b579e1_8088_45b5_9975_064014026c42 a owl:DatatypeProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:label "symbolValue"@en ; rdfs:domain [ a owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ) ] ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; skos:prefLabel "symbolValue"@en ; emmo:note "The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO symbol data entity."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_2553c342_fc28_47d8_8e19_7a98fa08f150 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SubObject"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_7329967c_3972_4c99_b478_84f66436620d ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ], emmo:EMMO_9d799b43_e188_4047_8167_121d96b31a26 ; skos:example "If an inhabited house is considered as an house that is occupied by some people in its majority of time, then an interval of inhabited house in which occasionally nobody is in there is no more an inhabited house, but an unhinabited house, since this temporal part does not satisfy the criteria of the whole."@en ; skos:prefLabel "SubObject"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An object which is a temporal part of another object."@en ; emmo:note "Here we consider a temporal interval that is lower than the characteristic time of the physical process that provides the causality connection between the object parts."@en . emmo:EMMO_27ceaab7_8293_408d_a22b_ad4bf4a7bc2d a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isObjectInputOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_1494c1a9_00e1_40c2_a9cc_9bbf302a1cac ; skos:prefLabel "isObjectInputOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_27e8e2dd_78a5_433a_b522_a1f61a08aab4 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "refersTo"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_c01bea11_1937_4cc0_b40d_4b192fdba311 ; skos:prefLabel "refersTo"@en . emmo:EMMO_29afdf54_90ae_4c98_8845_fa9ea3f143a8 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DefiningEquation"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e56ee3eb_7609_4ae1_8bed_51974f0960a6 ; skos:example """The definition of velocity as v = dx/dt. The definition of density as mass/volume. y = f(x)"""@en ; skos:prefLabel "DefiningEquation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An equation that define a new variable in terms of other mathematical entities."@en . emmo:EMMO_32eb7161_60ed_4431_8326_81a92aec088c a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isNotCausedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_6735d3ff_67f8_43b5_b5b0_240fbfab4517 ; skos:prefLabel "isNotCausedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_3446e167_c576_49d6_846c_215bb8878a55 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasVariable"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_1eed0732_e3f1_4b2c_a9c4_b4e75eeb5895 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_eb3518bf_f799_4f9e_8c3e_ce59af11453b ; skos:prefLabel "hasVariable"@en . emmo:EMMO_3c51ea74_43a4_42d5_953b_fcb43f359c73 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "influences"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7d77a013_1a0c_46fe_a6d8_ef6f4abb44fa ; skos:prefLabel "influences"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O, where the non overlapping part of P is cause of O."@en . emmo:EMMO_3c87fd89_b0f0_477a_86b6_d949c2b982ee a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ByteData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#byte"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_443198a5_934c_44fa_b89e_28eca13b25b2 ; skos:prefLabel "ByteData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:byte"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing 8-bit integer number."@en . emmo:EMMO_421167c0_1ea5_405f_970f_a41e9cb308f9 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Namer"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb ; skos:prefLabel "Namer"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An interpreter who assigns a name to an object without any motivations related to the object characters."@en . emmo:EMMO_44549f38_809e_4d51_bb10_de31029055b9 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isFragmentOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_fdfa43cd_1f48_4d82_ac49_685fe894558f ; skos:prefLabel "isFragmentOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_49804605_c0fe_4538_abda_f70ba1dc8a5d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SubProcess"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d43af210_f854_4432_a891_ce3022e3b558 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ], emmo:EMMO_846b637b_7b12_47a1_9430_0274b2f588ac ; skos:example "Breathing is a subprocess of living for a human being."@en ; skos:prefLabel "SubProcess"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A process which is a spatial part of another process."@en ; emmo:note """In the EMMO the relation of participation to a process falls under mereotopology. Since topological connection means causality, then the only way for a real world object to participate to a process is to be a part of it."""@en . emmo:EMMO_499e24a5_5072_4c83_8625_fe3f96ae4a8d a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "precedes"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_555d0261_da5e_4301_b7f9_46f604a32e91, emmo:EMMO_ebc9e62c_5dc4_44db_9060_7923740bdf78 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_60c57607_c9e7_4e75_a3d1_7a1f1f9928e4 ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_8785be5a_2493_4b12_8f39_31907ab11748 ; skos:altLabel "foregoes"@en, "hasNext"@en ; skos:example "My life between 18-24 years has next my life between 24-32 years."@en, "The raw sample has next the treated sampled, which has next the examined sample. In this sense the whole sample is made of three states, connected by the has next relation, following its evolution in time."@en ; skos:prefLabel "precedes"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """A temporal relation between two entities occurs when the two entities are in a one directional causality relation. The idea is that a temporal relation always implies a one-directional causality between two entities, leading to a asymmetric relation. This means that the causing entity can be in direct and optionally indirect causality relation with the effect entity. On the contrary, the effect entity cannot be in any causal relation (direct or indirect) with the causing entity."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "A time contact occurs when x isDirectCause y and not(y isCauseOf x)."@en ; emmo:note "Each pair of entities in direct causality relation is either in hasNext or hasTwoWayCauseWith relation. The two are mutually exclusive."@en, "This relation is asymmetric and irreflexive."@en . emmo:EMMO_4a1c73f1_b6f5_4d10_a3a6_5de90bac7cd0 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Estimator"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_1c0b22a2_be82_4fa8_9e2b_a569a625d442 ], emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c ; skos:prefLabel "Estimator"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A characteriser that declares a property for an object without actually interact with it with the specific interaction required by the property definition (i.e. infer a property from other properties)."@en . emmo:EMMO_4f2d1fcc_e20c_4479_9ad7_7a0480dd3e44 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "AnalogicalIcon"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ; skos:example "A physics equation is replicating the mechanisms internal to the object."@en, "Electrical diagram is diagrammatic and resemblance"@en, "MODA and CHADA are diagrammatic representation of a simulation or a characterisation workflow."@en ; skos:prefLabel "AnalogicalIcon"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An icon that represents the internal logical structure of the object."@en ; emmo:note "An icon that focus on HOW the object works."@en, "The subclass of icon inspired by Peirceian category (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy (with the same logic) the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart)."@en . emmo:EMMO_50d6236a_7667_4883_8ae1_9bb5d190423a a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Datum"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1a40459e_10d8_49b3_bb8c_c3595fb1d0bb ; skos:example "A character, a bit, a song in a CD."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Datum"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A self-consistent encoded data entity."@en . emmo:EMMO_52fa9c76_fc42_4eca_a5c1_6095a1c9caab a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DoubleData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#double"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_88a34881_b8d0_474b_9a08_40dbd414d834 ; skos:prefLabel "DoubleData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:double"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A symbolic data representing a 64-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN."@en . emmo:EMMO_54dc83cb_06e1_4739_9e45_bc09cead7f48 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "BooleanData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#boolean"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 ; skos:prefLabel "BooleanData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:boolean"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing a boolean number."@en . emmo:EMMO_58f76a09_205c_44f2_b237_88de54e8e001 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "PositiveIntegerData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#positiveInteger"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_42eee73b_e4d2_4a0f_b468_3d2ce0475af6 ; skos:prefLabel "PositiveIntegerData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:positiveInteger"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing an integer number > 0."@en . emmo:EMMO_5a10e288_c6a5_409a_a16a_98a2fb8be4f3 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NonEncodedContrast"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1e877c70_3b01_45a8_a8f6_8ce4f6a24660 ; skos:altLabel "EnvironmentalData"@en ; skos:example "A cloud in the sky. The radiative spectrum of a star."@en ; skos:prefLabel "NonEncodedContrast"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Contrast that occurs naturally without an encoding agent producing it."@en ; emmo:note "A non encoded contrast (e.g. a temperature variation) can be represented by data that describes (e.g. the string \"today it's warmer than yesterday\") or quantifies (e.g. Monday 28 °C, Tuesday 30 °C) it through a semiotic process."@en, """This is a really broad class that gathers all physical phenomena in which a contrast occurs naturally, such as cloud patterns, tree rings, stains. It doesn't mean that such contrasts cannot be used to deduce something: in fact they can be seen as indexes (in semiotic sense) of a causally connected phenomena. Simply, there is no agent behind that contrast with the intention to transmit data."""@en . emmo:EMMO_5aa0f895_1567_4239_8343_29e91a33d4c9 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "releases"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_bed37b1f_0479_4b61_bd49_54e25f414222 ; skos:prefLabel "releases"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O1 that proper overlaps an object O2, where the non-overlapping part of O2 is caused by O1."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/releases.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_60c57607_c9e7_4e75_a3d1_7a1f1f9928e4 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "follows"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_499e24a5_5072_4c83_8625_fe3f96ae4a8d ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_11501e0a_4442_4bd0_8483_7ea6dc8ba444, emmo:EMMO_2a28c0dd_89b1_47ac_b81f_fccc56f39617 ; skos:altLabel "isNextOf"@en, "succeeds"@en ; skos:prefLabel "follows"@en . emmo:EMMO_648c17b7_a012_4060_a096_c76bd407804b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NegativeIntegerData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#negativeInteger"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_cf0f8f57_8a9e_410c_8fe4_a436673fa3d3 ; skos:prefLabel "NegativeIntegerData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:negativeInteger"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing an integer number < 0."@en . emmo:EMMO_64e4d7b0_f07b_4328_9282_7bf9fb0c3d09 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasPropertyPart"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_35d4c439_fcb6_4399_a855_a89a207b41e9 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_55354438_7000_4284_b1b9_59d60c2261b9 ; emmo:elucidation "The relation connecting a description with its property parts. Description and parts are signs for the same entity"@en ; emmo:note "This relation is used to specify the detailed information that make up the overall description for an entity. A description can be used to summarize in one single entiity several properties relaterd to the same referent."@en . emmo:EMMO_663859e5_add3_4c9e_96fb_c99399de278d a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasJunctionTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_d4c95fa1_5bda_4063_a22d_62c81fcea284 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7efab93d_c8fe_49c7_ba8e_d21d13b38c85 ; skos:prefLabel "hasJunctionTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is both spatially and temporally connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_6835537c_d294_4005_a770_ec9621f29ed1 a owl:ObjectProperty, owl:SymmetricProperty ; rdfs:label "equalsTo"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f, emmo:EMMO_a8bd7094_6b40_47af_b1f4_a69d81a3afbd ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; skos:prefLabel "equalsTo"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between two individuals representing the same entity."@en ; emmo:note "Equality is here defined following a mereological approach."@en . emmo:EMMO_6b7276a4_4b9d_440a_b577_0277539c0fc4 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasSingleMember"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:33fd15ab_7662_4cc6_8bf6_988422efc631 ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:0528e41d_edd2_49f9_bd2a_aeabdc215515 ; skos:altLabel "hasMember"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasSingleMember"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a collection and one of its item members."@en . emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "etymology"@en ; rdfs:comment "The etymology annotation explains the origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "etymology"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The etymology annotation explains the origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning."@en ; emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary."@en, "The etymology annotation is usually applied to rdfs:label entities, to better understand the connection between a label and the concept it concisely represents."@en . emmo:EMMO_7329967c_3972_4c99_b478_84f66436620d a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasSubObject"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_2553c342_fc28_47d8_8e19_7a98fa08f150 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ; skos:prefLabel "hasSubObject"@en . emmo:EMMO_7ee1c29c_c453_4ad8_96d4_5103229fa60d a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isCognisedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_0ed18c6b_8289_44fd_a7d7_c15a8786cdc0 ; skos:prefLabel "isCognisedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_8910edc0_6f56_49d2_9f8f_6b0ff908f2e6 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isInterpretantFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:EMMO_7fb7fe7e_bdf9_4eeb_adad_e384dd5285c6, ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_e1f718c7_27b6_49fa_af01_9ece7c79b654 ; skos:prefLabel "isInterpretantFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_8944581c_64da_46a9_be29_7074f7cc8098 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SpatialTiling"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:allValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_4cf484af_082a_40f5_9f11_930bf4634482 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_7efab93d_c8fe_49c7_ba8e_d21d13b38c85 ], emmo:EMMO_e12dcfa4_c9f1_4546_9a12_8457c052e6ba ; skos:prefLabel "SpatialTiling"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A well formed tessellation with tiles that all spatial."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/Arrangement-1D.png"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/Arrangement-2D.png"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/Arrangement-2Dhex.png"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/Arrangement-3D.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_8a137e9f_579c_4e28_baca_e8980eb0c3db a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "OWLRL2DLAxioms"@en ; rdfs:comment "Axioms to add to the OWL 2 RL version of the ontology to reach DL expressivity."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "OWLRL2DLAxioms"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "Axioms to add to the OWL 2 RL version of the ontology to reach DL expressivity."@en . emmo:EMMO_8c537c06_8e1d_4a3b_a251_1c89bb2c4790 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ResemblanceIcon"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ; skos:example "A geographical map that imitates the shape of the landscape and its properties at a specific historical time."@en ; skos:prefLabel "ResemblanceIcon"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An icon that mimics the spatial or temporal shape of the object."@en ; emmo:note "An icon that focus on WHERE/WHEN the object is, in the sense of spatial or temporal shape."@en, "The subclass of icon inspired by Peirceian category a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture)."@en . emmo:EMMO_8c64fcfa_23aa_45f8_9e58_bdfd065fab8f a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Constant"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_9e029526_79a2_47a8_a151_dd0545db471b ; skos:prefLabel "Constant"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A variable that stand for a numerical constant, even if it is unknown."@en . emmo:EMMO_928f6ec2_7564_4c8d_9a10_7a601fa89602 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isDirectPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:EMMO_814b6b76_e0ca_4953_a832_d1816fb695f1, ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_559ab98c_1c7d_4794_996c_8c1d8d56381c ; skos:prefLabel "isDirectPartOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_9950720f_a0b4_40f5_92db_071a3e4bbf4b a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isCogniserFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_cd9a3a58_dabc_4c46_9ea4_03ca000b2022 ; skos:prefLabel "isCogniserFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_9c2a9899_df4a_4dc7_a28a_ab4dc498db71 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isRedundantPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591, ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_559ab98c_1c7d_4794_996c_8c1d8d56381c ; skos:prefLabel "isRedundantPartOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_9f55743f_a5e2_4a75_a68c_978c36117dec a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isDistinctPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:EMMO_1328d112_e731_4e56_b9b9_6b6cdd495cd6, ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_559ab98c_1c7d_4794_996c_8c1d8d56381c ; skos:prefLabel "isDistinctPartOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_a633c6f8_4269_4870_9b28_f5ca1783fd54 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Stage"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_f22abf74_4538_4f50_ab85_09908cdda707 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ], emmo:EMMO_846b637b_7b12_47a1_9430_0274b2f588ac ; skos:example "Moving a leg is a stage of the process of running."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Stage"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A process which is a temporal part of another process."@en . emmo:EMMO_a9a9d824_5ba1_4dac_a407_e42bf63350ca a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasQualifiedRole"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_946b5162_95b0_4801_81d4_efef43842a0d ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_1328d112_e731_4e56_b9b9_6b6cdd495cd6, emmo:EMMO_814b6b76_e0ca_4953_a832_d1816fb695f1 ; skos:altLabel "hasQualifiedPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasQualifiedRole"@en . emmo:EMMO_ac9e518d_b403_4d8b_97e2_06f9d40bac01 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "FloatData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#float"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_88a34881_b8d0_474b_9a08_40dbd414d834 ; skos:prefLabel "FloatData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:float"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A symbolic data representing a 32-bit floating point numbers incl. ±Inf, ±0, NaN."@en . emmo:EMMO_ae2d1a96_bfa1_409a_a7d2_03d69e8a125a a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasParticipant"@en ; rdfs:comment """Participation is a parthood relation: you must be part of the process to contribute to it. A participant whose 4D extension is totally contained within the process. Participation is not under direct parthood since a process is not strictly related to reductionism, but it's a way to categorise temporal regions by the interpreters."""@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_13191289_6c2b_4741_93e1_82d53bd0e703 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9a50a0ae_841a_46fe_8b23_3df319b60611 ; skos:prefLabel "hasParticipant"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process and an object participating to it, i.e. that is relevant to the process itself."@en . emmo:EMMO_b8d05d29_9eea_47db_a20b_0b83ceb6de93 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isSignificationFor"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_c792cf6b_097b_4a9a_9fc8_cb693cd5fdf3 ; skos:prefLabel "isSignificationFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_be8592a7_68d1_4a06_ad23_82f2b56ef926 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DiscreteData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c66ad523_3937_485e_91bb_ad488ddb373f ; skos:example "A text is a collection of discrete symbols. A compact disc is designed to host discrete states in the form of pits and lands."@en ; skos:prefLabel "DiscreteData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Data whose variations are decoded according to a discrete schema."@en ; emmo:note """A discrete schema may be based on a continuum material basis that is filtered according to its variations. For example, a continuous voltage based signal can be considered 1 or 0 according to some threshold. Discrete does not mean that the material basis is discrete, but that the data are encoded according to such step-based rules."""@en . emmo:EMMO_c0f72631_d7c2_434c_9c26_5c44123df682 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Organisation"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso """ISO 55000:2014 organization: person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives"""@en ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ; skos:prefLabel "Organisation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An holistic system of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives."@en . emmo:EMMO_c0fc29e4_0b93_4d78_83a5_220877d6301f a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isDeducedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_0ed18c6b_8289_44fd_a7d7_c15a8786cdc0 ; skos:prefLabel "isDeducedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_c4017688_965b_4201_acb2_2f1caf2be760 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "IsIndexFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_82a96de2_41aa_4bf7_b7ac_de1373d50160 ; skos:prefLabel "IsIndexFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_c6e77b51_681b_4d04_b20d_a08f2b977470 a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "OWL2DLRestrictedAxiom"@en ; rdfs:comment "Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "OWL2DLRestrictedAxiom"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability."@en . emmo:EMMO_c7013b53_3071_410b_a5e4_a8d266dcdfb5 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "FunctionalIcon"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ; skos:example "A data based model is only a functional icon, since it provide the same relations between the properties of the object (e.g., it can predict some properties as function of others) but is not considering the internal mechanisms (i.e., it can ignore the physics)."@en ; skos:prefLabel "FunctionalIcon"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An icon that imitates one representative character of the object. It share external similarities with the object, but not necessarily the same internal logical structure."@en ; emmo:note "An icon that focusing WHAT the object does."@en, "This subclass of icon inspired by Peirceian category (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else."@en . emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "note"@en ; rdfs:comment "A text that add some information about the entity."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "note"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A text that add some information about the entity."@en ; emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "A note can be addressed to facilitate interpretation, to suggest possible usage, to clarify the concepts behind each entity with respect to other ontological apporaches."@en . emmo:EMMO_cc823237_398d_4c9a_b8fa_aa157ee3e3a5 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDeclarer"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ; skos:prefLabel "hasDeclarer"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation connecting a conventional sign to the interpreter (declarer) in a declaration process."@en . emmo:EMMO_d162b33e_e1f5_47dc_b06f_58f35e591f45 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasProcessOutput"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_c4bace1d_4db0_4cd3_87e9_18122bae2840 ; skos:prefLabel "hasProcessOutput"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P1 that proper overlaps a process P2, where the non-overlapping part of P2 is caused by P1."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/hasProcessOutput.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_d3d46e3f_20c0_4507_9076_2c849ada490a a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isAffectedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d78b940d_4e2a_4a46_816b_da89029adc19 ; skos:prefLabel "isAffectedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_d43af210_f854_4432_a891_ce3022e3b558 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasSubProcess"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_49804605_c0fe_4538_abda_f70ba1dc8a5d ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9a50a0ae_841a_46fe_8b23_3df319b60611 ; skos:prefLabel "hasSubProcess"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process and one of its process parts."@en . emmo:EMMO_d9589ed2_5304_48b3_9795_11bf44e64e9b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Status"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_1440d010_e4c5_4597_8858_1d58cb1fb28f ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ], emmo:EMMO_9d799b43_e188_4047_8167_121d96b31a26 ; skos:altLabel "State"@en ; skos:example "A semi-naked man is a status in the process of a man's dressing."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Status"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An object which is a temporal part of a process."@en . emmo:EMMO_db49de28_6993_459c_8562_ef861cc0a815 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isDeducerFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_cd9a3a58_dabc_4c46_9ea4_03ca000b2022 ; skos:prefLabel "isDeducerFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_e1097637_70d2_4895_973f_2396f04fa204 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasProperty"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_eb3518bf_f799_4f9e_8c3e_ce59af11453b ; skos:prefLabel "hasProperty"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation that connects a semiotic object to a property in a declaration process."@en . emmo:EMMO_e1c65ca8_6fed_4859_b320_5f14928e8464 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "participatesTo"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_29e45c39_cc99_43f8_a545_f329f622f551 ; skos:prefLabel "participatesTo"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O that through overlaps a process P."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/participatesTo.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_e3850f08_8e79_454b_9d83_c517cab42857 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasConstitutiveProcess"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_f68858dd_64f4_4877_b7fb_70d04fbe5bab ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9a50a0ae_841a_46fe_8b23_3df319b60611 ; skos:prefLabel "hasConstitutiveProcess"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Relates an object to one of its constitutive process parts that contributes to the object under some spatial-based criteria."@en . emmo:EMMO_e701ec30_c993_48bf_8f29_fb10664065e5 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasObjectOutput"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_c4bace1d_4db0_4cd3_87e9_18122bae2840 ; skos:prefLabel "hasObjectOutput"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O, where the non-overlapping part of O is caused by P."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/hasObjectOutput.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_e999f9e0_7d63_4564_9028_07246580a267 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Naming"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_421167c0_1ea5_405f_970f_a41e9cb308f9 ], emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d ; skos:example "A unique id attached to an entity."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Naming"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A declaration that provides a sign for an object that is independent from any assignment rule."@en . emmo:EMMO_e99aec47_9ae6_4a1d_bddd_b87bb456c52a a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "UnsignedByteData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedByte"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_443198a5_934c_44fa_b89e_28eca13b25b2, emmo:EMMO_dc6e40f6_5b6c_473b_a715_d36622ada5ad ; skos:prefLabel "UnsignedByteData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:unsignedByte"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing 8-bit non-negative integer number, 0...255."@en . emmo:EMMO_e9d65041_d87d_4b04_9fe9_1eed8f9c0370 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "partakesIn"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_29e45c39_cc99_43f8_a545_f329f622f551 ; skos:prefLabel "partakesIn"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O1 that through overlaps an object O2."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/partakesIn.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_ea67caa5_2609_4e91_98ae_81103f2d5c25 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Observer"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_3b19eab4_79be_4b02_bdaf_ecf1f0067a68 ], emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c ; skos:prefLabel "Observer"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A characteriser that declares a property for an object through the specific interaction required by the property definition."@en . emmo:EMMO_ea7724fe_ba5d_4201_865e_761cb6fe9f99 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isAddedTo"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7d77a013_1a0c_46fe_a6d8_ef6f4abb44fa ; skos:prefLabel "isAddedTo"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O1 and a object O2 that proper overlap, and the overlapping part of O1 is: a) next of the non overlapping part and b) a constituent of O2."@en . emmo:EMMO_eaef29bd_bd79_4de1_b192_4fdc9016730b a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasProcessInput"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_36e69413_8c59_4799_946c_10b05d266e22 ; skos:prefLabel "hasProcessInput"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P1 that proper overlaps a process P2, where the non-overlapping part of P2 causes P1."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/hasProcessInput.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_eb50c9cb_9576_4a61_95ec_f81fb8218187 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "QualifiedWhole"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 ; skos:altLabel "QWhole"@en ; skos:prefLabel "QualifiedWhole"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """The qualified whole concept express the requirement for an entity of a type, say A, to have a part of another type, say B, with A and B belonging to different taxonomical branches. The concept of whole is then defined as something that needs a part of a specific type to exist. For example, an atom always requires a nucleus part to exist (but not viceversa)"""@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of individuals that requires to have a part of another specific class of entity of different type with a specific relation with it."@en ; emmo:note """Al QWhole subclasses shuld have an axiom to express the part requirements, in the form of: MyQWholeClass SubClassOf: hasProperPart some AnotherClass This is a necessary but not sufficient condition."""@en . emmo:EMMO_ebc8c324_8e7a_4b09_bcb5_306e0c461d24 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasBehaviour"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_210e7e99_c1cf_44cc_87c7_310a10ff068b ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ; skos:prefLabel "hasBehaviour"@en . emmo:EMMO_edf72228_e040_4edc_8b46_78b2a47c72d7 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "EndTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_5e38e44b_a0d1_4afc_a876_95095c0a589f ; skos:prefLabel "EndTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A direct part that only is the target, but not the source of temporal relations."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/EndTile.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_ee518694_9a11_41e5_ada2_8c68c62c2993 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isGeneratedBy"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_eb3ffec6_3d69_4633_a3b1_088ad53cb00b ; skos:prefLabel "isGeneratedBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an object O , where the non overapping part of P is caused by O."@en . emmo:EMMO_ee73c4f1_1405_44af_abf5_d06f2e71ed03 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isReferentFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:EMMO_8fb6d667_f2af_482d_97a9_ec97cd81274d, ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_e1f718c7_27b6_49fa_af01_9ece7c79b654 ; skos:prefLabel "isReferentFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_ef2d83f4_1f8a_4c11_aa62_1ea7a0cbd837 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isIconFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_82a96de2_41aa_4bf7_b7ac_de1373d50160 ; skos:prefLabel "isIconFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_f09e1d0a_07ce_4121_8c89_5bd67b7e8116 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "contributesTo"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_29e45c39_cc99_43f8_a545_f329f622f551 ; skos:prefLabel "contributesTo"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P1 that through overlaps a process P2."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/contributesTo.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_f1503598_03af_4fec_a860_ebc77aa92832 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isSpatialPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2332d7a4_2fbe_4a36_a10f_5c8efcce29d6 ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_f37fc69b_d6fd_44de_9c66_3c70b2efb7f4 ; skos:prefLabel "isSpatialPartOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_f22abf74_4538_4f50_ab85_09908cdda707 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasStage"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_a633c6f8_4269_4870_9b28_f5ca1783fd54 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ; skos:prefLabel "hasStage"@en . emmo:EMMO_f68858dd_64f4_4877_b7fb_70d04fbe5bab a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ConstitutiveProcess"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_e3850f08_8e79_454b_9d83_c517cab42857 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ], emmo:EMMO_846b637b_7b12_47a1_9430_0274b2f588ac ; skos:example "Blood circulation in a human body."@en ; skos:prefLabel "ConstitutiveProcess"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A process which is a spatial part of an object."@en ; emmo:note "A constitutive process is a process that is holistically relevant for the definition of the whole."@en . emmo:EMMO_f702bad4_fc77_41f0_a26d_79f6444fd4f3 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isDescriptionFor"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_35d4c439_fcb6_4399_a855_a89a207b41e9 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_55375713_8f92_473b_a688_b7fcc14f7797 ; skos:prefLabel "isDescriptionFor"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation that connects a description to a declared semiotic objec in a declaration process."@en . emmo:EMMO_fa595892_070d_455e_9459_06c97179c080 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "BeginTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_5e38e44b_a0d1_4afc_a876_95095c0a589f ; skos:prefLabel "BeginTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A direct part that only is the source, but not the target of temporal relations."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/BeginTile.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:OWL2DLRestrictedAxiom a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "OWL2DLRestrictedAxiom"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; skos:prefLabel "OWL2DLRestrictedAxiom"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability."@en . emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "OWLRL2DLAxioms"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; skos:prefLabel "OWLRL2DLAxioms"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Axioms to add to the OWL 2 RL version of the ontology to reach DL expressivity."@en . emmo:etymology a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "etymology"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; skos:prefLabel "etymology"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The etymology annotation explains the origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning."@en ; emmo:note "Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary."@en, "The etymology annotation is usually applied to rdfs:label entities, to better understand the connection between a label and the concept it concisely represents."@en . dm:DataInstance a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DataInstance"@en ; rdfs:comment """An instance representing actual data. It is hence disjoint from Metadata."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf dm:Instance ; skos:prefLabel "DataInstance"@en ; dm:instanceOf dm:Entity . dm:EMMO_23057c59_2137_40ab_84a4_748933a689df a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasShape"@en ; rdfs:comment "The shape of a property. May be an empty shape."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Property ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:Shape ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:composition ; skos:prefLabel "hasShape"@en . dm:EntitySchema a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "EntitySchema"@en ; rdfs:comment "A meta-metadata that describes an entity."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf dm:Metadata ; skos:prefLabel "EntitySchema"@en ; dm:instanceOf dm:BasicMetadataSchema . dm:hasDimensionSize a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDimensionSize"@en ; rdfs:comment "The size of a dimension value."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:DimensionValue ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:integer ; skos:prefLabel "hasDimensionSize"@en . dm:hasDimensionValue a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDimensionValue"@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Instance ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:DimensionValue ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:composition ; skos:prefLabel "hasDimensionValue"@en . dm:hasFirst a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasFirst"@en ; rdfs:comment "Relates a whole with an ordered set of parts (elements) to its first element."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:composition ; skos:prefLabel "hasFirst"@en . dm:hasFirstDimensionExpression a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasFirstDimensionExpression"@en ; rdfs:comment "The first dimension expression of a shape."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Shape ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:DimensionExpression ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:hasFirst ; skos:prefLabel "hasFirstDimensionExpression"@en . dm:hasMeta a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "hasMeta"@en ; rdfs:comment "Relates an instance to the URI that uniquely identifies the metadata that describes the instance."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Instance ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:dataComposition ; skos:prefLabel "hasMeta"@en . dm:hasNext a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasNext"@en ; rdfs:comment "Relates an element in an ordered list to its next element."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:aggregation ; skos:prefLabel "hasNext"@en . dm:hasNextDimensionExpression a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty, owl:InverseFunctionalProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasNextDimensionExpression"@en ; rdfs:comment "Relates a dimension expression to the next dimension expression."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:DimensionExpression ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:DimensionExpression ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:hasNext ; skos:prefLabel "hasNextDimensionExpression"@en . dm:hasParent a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasParent"@en ; rdfs:comment "Relates an transaction instance to its parent instance."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Transaction ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:Instance ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:aggregation ; skos:prefLabel "hasParent"@en . dm:hasParentHash a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "hasParentHash"@en ; rdfs:comment "Hash of the parent instance of a transaction."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Transaction ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range rdfs:Literal ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:dataRelation ; skos:prefLabel "hasParentHash"@en . dm:hasPropertyValue a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasPropertyValue"@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Instance ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:PropertyValue ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:composition ; skos:prefLabel "hasPropertyValue"@en . dm:hasUUID a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "hasUUID"@en ; rdfs:comment "Refers to a unique UUID identifying an instance."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Instance ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; skos:prefLabel "hasUUID"@en . dm:hasUnit a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "hasUnit"@en ; rdfs:comment "May be omitted for dimensionless quantities."@en, "May change in the future."@en, "Refer to a unit. Normally just a string with a conventional unit, like \"m/s\". Ideally this should be an object property referring to a unit in an ontology."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Property ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:dataComposition ; skos:prefLabel "hasUnit"@en . dm:hasValue a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "hasValue"@en ; rdfs:comment """The actual literal value of a dimension expression or a property of a data object. The syntax of the actual value is implementation dependent."""@en ; rdfs:domain dm:DataModel ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range rdf:PlainLiteral ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:dataComposition ; skos:prefLabel "hasValue"@en . emmo:EMMO_06658d8d_dcde_4fc9_aae1_17f71c0bcdec a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Vector"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b2282816_b7a3_44c6_b2cb_3feff1ceb7fe ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_21f56795_ee72_4858_b571_11cfaa59c1a8 ], emmo:EMMO_28fbea28_2204_4613_87ff_6d877b855fcd ; skos:altLabel "LinearArray"^^xsd:string, "1DArray"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Vector"@en ; emmo:elucidation "1-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are numbers."@en . emmo:EMMO_0e03a375_8af8_46db_88ae_a45fe2d2940f a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DateTimeData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/datatypes.html#dateTime"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 ; skos:prefLabel "DateTimeData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:dateTime"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data that represents instants of time, optionally marked with a particular time zone offset."@en . emmo:EMMO_1141d225_fe90_4230_82c6_31cab6a4e3fe a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SymbolicByStructure"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ; skos:prefLabel "SymbolicByStructure"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Symbolic caterorised by its internal structure."@en . emmo:EMMO_11501e0a_4442_4bd0_8483_7ea6dc8ba444 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "directlyCausedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_555d0261_da5e_4301_b7f9_46f604a32e91 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_6735d3ff_67f8_43b5_b5b0_240fbfab4517 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_555d0261_da5e_4301_b7f9_46f604a32e91 ; skos:altLabel "hasDirectCause"^^xsd:string ; skos:prefLabel "directlyCausedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_1494c1a9_00e1_40c2_a9cc_9bbf302a1cac a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isInputOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_64be8885_2c8a_4e84_a4fc_9d2de61b4d0d ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_36e69413_8c59_4799_946c_10b05d266e22 ; skos:prefLabel "isInputOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_15db234d_ecaf_4715_9838_4b4ec424fb13 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Reductionistic"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ; skos:prefLabel "Reductionistic"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A class devoted to categorize causal objects by specifying their granularity levels."@en ; emmo:note """A granularity level is specified by a tiling decomposition of the whole y. A tiling is identified as a set of items {x1, x2, ... xn} called tiles that: - are proper parts of y - covers the entire whole (y = x1 +x2 + ... + xn) - do not overlap - are part of one, and one only, whole (inverse functional)"""@en, "Direct parthood is the antitransitive parthood relation used to build the class hierarchy (and the granularity hierarchy) for this perspective."@en . emmo:EMMO_18d180e4_5e3e_42f7_820c_e08951223486 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "RealData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8b305b63_6fa3_44dd_9679_17eb8403a07a ; skos:prefLabel "RealData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some owl:real"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing a real number."@en . emmo:EMMO_1a40459e_10d8_49b3_bb8c_c3595fb1d0bb a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DataByStructure"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3e7add3d_e6ed_489a_a796_8e31fef9b490 ; skos:prefLabel "DataByStructure"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Dataset or Datum"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "Categorisation of data by its structure."@en . emmo:EMMO_1c0b22a2_be82_4fa8_9e2b_a569a625d442 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Estimation"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_4a1c73f1_b6f5_4d10_a3a6_5de90bac7cd0 ], emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 ; skos:prefLabel "Estimation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A determination of an object without any actual interaction."@en . emmo:EMMO_1cba0b27_15d0_4326_933f_379d0b3565b6 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Matrix"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b2282816_b7a3_44c6_b2cb_3feff1ceb7fe ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_06658d8d_dcde_4fc9_aae1_17f71c0bcdec ], emmo:EMMO_28fbea28_2204_4613_87ff_6d877b855fcd ; skos:altLabel "2DArray"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Matrix"@en ; emmo:elucidation "2-dimensional array who's spatial direct parts are vectors."@en . emmo:EMMO_1cfd072d_2157_43e2_b9f6_ff1e7a708774 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isIncomingOverlappedBy"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b3c8ba10_6bee_45e7_9416_e9019aa9f023 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_64be8885_2c8a_4e84_a4fc_9d2de61b4d0d ; skos:prefLabel "isIncomingOverlappedBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an item I1 that proper overlaps an item I2, where the non-overlapping part of I2 causes I1."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/isIncomingOverlappedBy.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_1daaf7b2_e7bf_4b3a_b7f6_8aa3f3c3d080 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "BinaryData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 ; skos:prefLabel "BinaryData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Symbolic data that can be represented as a sequence of zeros and ones."@en . emmo:EMMO_1e1cfc11_aa1a_44d4_a8d0_31e26deb2d19 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DataByNature"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3e7add3d_e6ed_489a_a796_8e31fef9b490 ; skos:prefLabel "DataByNature"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: ClassicalData or QuantumData"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "Categorisation of data by its nature."@en . emmo:EMMO_2332d7a4_2fbe_4a36_a10f_5c8efcce29d6 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isNonTemporalPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_07808d05_18d1_4253_96e5_58b8277347de ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9a50a0ae_841a_46fe_8b23_3df319b60611 ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_f722a7a9_864d_4896_a331_f90141f90a0a ; skos:prefLabel "isNonTemporalPartOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_2a28c0dd_89b1_47ac_b81f_fccc56f39617 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isAfter"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_6735d3ff_67f8_43b5_b5b0_240fbfab4517 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_ebc9e62c_5dc4_44db_9060_7923740bdf78 ; skos:altLabel "isTemporallyAfter"@en ; skos:prefLabel "isAfter"@en . emmo:EMMO_32e701c0_a925_49df_9829_0931b8554807 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Structural"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ; skos:prefLabel "Structural"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A perspective that categorises causal structures according to the merelogical relations between the whole and the parts, taking into account their types."@en . emmo:EMMO_36c79456_e29c_400d_8bd3_0eedddb82652 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Arrangement"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8944581c_64da_46a9_be29_7074f7cc8098 ; skos:altLabel "MereologicalState"@en ; skos:example """e.g. the existent in my glass is declared at t = t_start as made of two direct parts: the ice and the water. It will continue to exists as state as long as the ice is completely melt at t = t_end. The new state will be completely made of water. Between t_start and t_end there is an exchange of molecules between the ice and the water, but this does not affect the existence of the two states. If we partition the existent in my glass as ice surrounded by several molecules (we do not use the object water as direct part) then the appearance of a molecule coming from the ice will cause a state to end and another state to begin."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Arrangement"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A causal object which is tessellated with only spatial direct parts."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/Arrangement.png"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/Arrangement-1D.png"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/Arrangement-2D.png"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/Arrangement-2Dhex.png"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/Arrangement-3D.png"^^xsd:anyURI ; emmo:note """The definition of an arrangement implies that its spatial direct parts are not gained or lost during its temporal extension (they exist from the left to the right side of the time interval), so that the cardinality of spatial direct parts in an arrangement is constant. This does not mean that there cannot be a change in the internal structure of the arrangement direct parts. It means only that this change must not affect the existence of the direct part itself."""@en, "The use of spatial direct parthood in state definition means that an arrangement cannot overlap in space another arrangement that is direct part of the same whole."@en . emmo:EMMO_38f31ba5_348f_4ac2_9a67_a62b5dd7aadd a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "CodedByStructure"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_7286b164_df4c_4c14_a4b5_d41ad9c121f3 ; skos:prefLabel "CodedByStructure"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A coded classified by its structure."@en . emmo:EMMO_39a4e2a4_d835_426d_b497_182d06e1caff a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Deduction"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_36a4c1ca_5085_49ca_9e13_4c70d00c50a5 ], emmo:EMMO_4d5621e8_af7f_4aef_abd5_f905a34f62af ; skos:altLabel "IndexSemiosis"@en ; skos:example "The interpreter feels that the plate is hot and assigns the status of the kitchen stove to be on."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Deduction"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic process that assigns a sign by deduction from causal continguity."@en . emmo:EMMO_3a53b946_4dfd_4a38_bb5b_aa78d7b0db9c a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "UnsignedIntData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedInt"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_51f93d8c_57fa_4314_a68d_8d69c2609c97, emmo:EMMO_f1ee5c02_5cc0_45ba_a09a_2e6319f75fc8 ; skos:prefLabel "UnsignedIntData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:unsignedInt"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing 32-bit non-negative integer number, 0...4294967295."@en . emmo:EMMO_3b19eab4_79be_4b02_bdaf_ecf1f0067a68 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Observation"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_ea67caa5_2609_4e91_98ae_81103f2d5c25 ], emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 ; skos:prefLabel "Observation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A characterisation of an object with an actual interaction."@en . emmo:EMMO_3c424d37_cf62_41b1_ac9d_a316f8d113d6 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "AlgebraicOperator"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f6d0c26a_98b6_4cf8_8632_aa259131faaa ; skos:prefLabel "AlgebraicOperator"@en . emmo:EMMO_3c7f239f_e833_4a2b_98a1_c88831770c1b a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasComponent"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_f76884f7_964e_488e_9bb7_1b2453e9e817 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_8e52c42b_e879_4473_9fa1_4b23428b392b, emmo:EMMO_dba27ca1_33c9_4443_a912_1519ce4c39ec ; skos:prefLabel "hasComponent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Relation a holistic system to one of its components."@en . emmo:EMMO_3d03a403_facd_48c6_b75e_7ab8b9299218 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "CodedByObservation"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_7286b164_df4c_4c14_a4b5_d41ad9c121f3 ; skos:prefLabel "CodedByObservation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A coded classified by observation."@en . emmo:EMMO_3fe33e1c_2b62_4669_af92_8066cf53761d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SemiosisByStructure"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ; skos:prefLabel "SemiosisByStructure"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Semiosis classified as complete or partial representation of the semiotic triangle (interpretant, sign, referent)."@en . emmo:EMMO_4292fdcd_bbba_4d99_95c6_daa533d952ef a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "CodedBySubjectivity"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_7286b164_df4c_4c14_a4b5_d41ad9c121f3 ; skos:prefLabel "CodedBySubjectivity"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A coded classified by whether it is determined subjectively or objectively."@en . emmo:EMMO_4cf484af_082a_40f5_9f11_930bf4634482 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SpatialTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_41c5f63b_f0e7_475e_bfac_a92027585979 ; skos:prefLabel "SpatialTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in spatial parts."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/SpatialTile.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_504ad89e_dd4a_4fa6_aeb6_15c8ce0cde9b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "TemporalTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_41c5f63b_f0e7_475e_bfac_a92027585979 ; skos:prefLabel "TemporalTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole purely in temporal parts."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/TemporalTile.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_54d0d0f4_d9fa_4179_a9b5_4110c49dafff a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:SymmetricProperty ; rdfs:label "coexistsWith"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_6735d3ff_67f8_43b5_b5b0_240fbfab4517, emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_ebc9e62c_5dc4_44db_9060_7923740bdf78 ; skos:altLabel "isSpatiallyRelatedWith"@en ; skos:prefLabel "coexistsWith"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """Spatial relations between entities are represented in the EMMO as bidirectional causality, meaning that both entities are at the beginning and at the end of causal paths connecting them. This type of relation represent the coexistence of two entities in the a spatial arrangement. The symmetric characteristic of this relation implies that it is not possible to order them and is related to the arbitrary choice of reference frames. Subclasses of spatial relations may be defined as asymmetric and introduce a spatial order, for example est to west, or internal to external layer.."""@en ; emmo:definition "A relation jointly covered by Contact and InteractWith relations, which are mutually exclusive."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between entities that express a mutual causation."@en . emmo:EMMO_55375713_8f92_473b_a688_b7fcc14f7797 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isConventionFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_82a96de2_41aa_4bf7_b7ac_de1373d50160 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_eb3518bf_f799_4f9e_8c3e_ce59af11453b ; skos:prefLabel "isConventionFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_573dd48c_50f4_460a_aaa1_ff1512cd2a35 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isImpactedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_451e410e_8e0d_4a4b_9211_d6ef619296dc ; skos:prefLabel "isImpactedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_5be83f9c_a4ba_4b9a_be1a_5bfc6e891231 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "MathematicalSymbol"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Class ; owl:complementOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0 ] ] ; owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0 emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ) ] ; skos:prefLabel "MathematicalSymbol"@en . emmo:EMMO_5dc167a2_d50e_47a5_be4f_5139f3bff2ec a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "indirectlyCausedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_6735d3ff_67f8_43b5_b5b0_240fbfab4517 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6 ; skos:altLabel "hasIndirectCause"@en ; skos:prefLabel "indirectlyCausedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_5f334606_f67d_4f0e_acb9_eeb21cb10c66 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "StringData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#string"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 ; skos:prefLabel "StringData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:string"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "Symbolic data that consist of a sequence of characters."@en ; emmo:note "Since a string is a simple type that can contain only characters but not other child elements, is often not suitable for representing human text, that may need additional elements for control of aspects such as bidirectional formatting or ruby annotation."@en . emmo:EMMO_65a2c5b8_e4d8_4a51_b2f8_e55effc0547d a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasTemporalTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_504ad89e_dd4a_4fa6_aeb6_15c8ce0cde9b ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7efab93d_c8fe_49c7_ba8e_d21d13b38c85 ; skos:altLabel "hasTemporalDirectPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasTemporalTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation that establishes for the whole a univocal tessellation in temporal parts forming the tessellation."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_69ebb235_9c5e_443d_9a3b_7042b1005f1f a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "RationalData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_18d180e4_5e3e_42f7_820c_e08951223486 ; skos:prefLabel "RationalData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some owl:rational"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A symbolic data representing a rational number, that is a number that can be expressed exact by `p/q` where `p` and `q` are integer numbers."@en . emmo:EMMO_7821eeb8_5e44_452b_90e9_3db03bbef241 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "processedFrom"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_451e410e_8e0d_4a4b_9211_d6ef619296dc ; skos:prefLabel "processedFrom"@en . emmo:EMMO_7cdc375d_d371_4d78_acd5_d51732f52126 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Cognition"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec ], emmo:EMMO_4d5621e8_af7f_4aef_abd5_f905a34f62af ; skos:altLabel "IconSemiosis"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Cognition"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic process that assigns a sign by recognising an object by how it resemble or imitate what the sign stands for, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure."@en . emmo:EMMO_7d77a013_1a0c_46fe_a6d8_ef6f4abb44fa a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "joins"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_64be8885_2c8a_4e84_a4fc_9d2de61b4d0d ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_86726b7c_b208_4690_893e_0cc798fac974 ; skos:prefLabel "joins"@en . emmo:EMMO_8785be5a_2493_4b12_8f39_31907ab11748 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:SymmetricProperty ; rdfs:label "contacts"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_11501e0a_4442_4bd0_8483_7ea6dc8ba444, emmo:EMMO_54d0d0f4_d9fa_4179_a9b5_4110c49dafff, emmo:EMMO_555d0261_da5e_4301_b7f9_46f604a32e91 ; skos:altLabel "adjacentWith"@en, "hasSpatialnteractionWith"@en, "touches"@en ; skos:example "An elementary electron is in contact with another elementary electron in a scattering process."@en, "The laptop is in contact with the desk, since there is a double-directional causality."@en ; skos:prefLabel "contacts"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """A spatial contact between two entities occurs when the two entities are in an interaction relation whose causal structure is a representation of the fundamental interactions between elementary particles (Feynman diagrams). It means that if two entities are in contact, then there is at least a couple of elementary particles, one part of the first and one part of the second, interacting according to one of the fundamental interactions through virtual particles. This kind of connection is space-like (i.e. interconnecting force carrier particle is offshelf). Contacts between two entities exclude the possibility of other causal relations that are not included in a fundamental space-like interaction."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "An interaction that is the sum of direct causality relations between two entities that are interpretable as fundamental physical interactions."@en ; emmo:note "Spatial contact is symmetric and irreflexive."@en, "The contact relation is not an ordering relation since is symmetric."@en . emmo:EMMO_88470739_03d3_4c47_a03e_b30a1288d50c a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "MathematicalFormula"@en ; rdfs:comment "The set X is called domain and the set Y range or codomain."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0, emmo:EMMO_89a0c87c_0804_4013_937a_6fe234d9499c ; skos:prefLabel "MathematicalFormula"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A mathematical string that express a relation between the elements in one set X to elements in another set Y."@en . emmo:EMMO_88a34881_b8d0_474b_9a08_40dbd414d834 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "FloatingPointData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8b305b63_6fa3_44dd_9679_17eb8403a07a ; skos:prefLabel "FloatingPointData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A symbolic data representing a numerical floating point value."@en . emmo:EMMO_8f449738_cedb_436c_bdec_1c8e78bdb644 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Nuclear"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e95b9f89_3ffd_4ea5_b682_97c4cc191a8d ; skos:prefLabel "Nuclear"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type of the whole that is part of all the other proper parts of the same type."@en . emmo:EMMO_8fb6d667_f2af_482d_97a9_ec97cd81274d a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasReferent"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f275e4e9_062b_4ca4_a679_4f26ec0a48ae ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_ee73c4f1_1405_44af_abf5_d06f2e71ed03 ; skos:prefLabel "hasReferent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a semiotic process and the referent i.e., the object of the semiotic process."@en . emmo:EMMO_946b5162_95b0_4801_81d4_efef43842a0d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "QualifiedRole"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 ; skos:altLabel "QRole"@en ; skos:prefLabel "QualifiedRole"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """The qualified role concept express the requirement for an entity of a type, say A, to be part of a larger entity of another type, say B, with A and B belonging to different taxonomical branches. The concept of role is then defined as something that needs a wider and specific environment to exist. For example, the car radio type requires all instances to be a part of a car, while the opposite (the car having a radio) is not mandatory for qualified roles. The same applies for airplane winglets that are by definition an optional part of an airplane. Food preservatives are anothe optional part of foods."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of individuals that requires their individuals to be part of another specific class of entity of different type with a specific role with respect to it."@en ; emmo:note """Al QRole subclasses shuld have an axiom to express the role requirements, in the form of: MyQRoleClass SubClassOf: isProperPartOf some AnotherClass This is a necessary but not sufficient condition."""@en, """We usually have the same word to identify both the role and the name of a device. for example, under the term hammer we can identify both a product and generic entity used for hammering a nail. The concept of role helps to distinguish between these two concepts. Ideally ther shuld be an HammerRole and an HammerProduct types. The product may or may not be used as HammerRole, but only expresses the fact that it has been designed as an optimal hammering device. The hammering role can be played by any hard-enough object, even if it is not an hammer product."""@en . emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "elucidation"@en ; rdfs:comment "Short enlightening explanation aimed to facilitate the user in drawing the connection (interpretation) between a OWL entity and the real world object(s) for which it stands."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; owl:deprecated true ; skos:prefLabel "elucidation"@en ; emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "Short enlightening explanation aimed to facilitate the user in drawing the connection (interpretation) between a OWL entity and the real world object(s) for which it stands."@en ; emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "An elucidation should address the real world entities using the concepts introduced by the conceptualisation annotation."@en . emmo:EMMO_9953c19f_ee33_4af8_be5e_dbf6d1e33581 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Tile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_74a75cf1_3418_4244_b43c_b5db94635d42 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_ee0466e4_780d_4236_8281_ace7ad3fc5d2 ], emmo:EMMO_15db234d_ecaf_4715_9838_4b4ec424fb13 ; skos:prefLabel "Tile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A causal object that is direct part of a tessellation."@en . emmo:EMMO_9e49caad_b29e_4cf1_9be4_80419fd1e45c a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ArrayData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 ; skos:prefLabel "ArrayData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "SubClassOf: hasScalarData some ScalarData"^^xsd:string, "SubClassOf: hasSpatialTile some SymbolicData"^^xsd:string ; emmo:conceptualisation "An array is a datatype representing an ordered collection of elements (or values) that can be accessed by indexes. Arrays have an analog mathematical counterpart in vectors and matrixes, but are separate concepts. Arrays may be multidimensional."@en ; emmo:note """In the EMMO we use the following JSON based syntax to represent arrays: - mono-dimensional array [v1,v2,...,vn] (vector) - bi-dimensional array [[v1,v2,...,vn],[w1,w2,...,2n]] (matrix) This notation can be extended to multidimensional arrays."""@en, """The structure of an array is expressed mereologically. It consists of a set of equally sized tiles. The tiles of an n-dimensional array are (n-1) dimensional arrays. The tiles of an (n-1)-dimensional array are (n-2) dimensional arrays, and so forth down to 1-dimensional arrays (vectors), whos tiles are scalar data."""@en . emmo:EMMO_aa987900_caf1_4ce2_82fa_6b1d6fbd2ead a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:SymmetricProperty ; rdfs:label "notOverlaps"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_3f2e4ac2_8ef3_4a14_b826_60d37f15f8ee ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ; skos:altLabel "disjointWith"@en ; skos:prefLabel "notOverlaps"@en ; emmo:definition "Dxy ≡ ¬Oxy."^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between individuals representing non-overlapping entities (i.e. that have no parts in common)."@en . emmo:EMMO_b1a64980_c524_4d48_af8f_9805570ce453 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isOutgoingOverlappedBy"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b3c8ba10_6bee_45e7_9416_e9019aa9f023 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_c5b4c32b_74de_403d_96f2_266bec8bd0e8 ; skos:prefLabel "isOutgoingOverlappedBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an item I1 that proper overlaps an item I2, where the non-overlapping part of I2 is caused by I1."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/isOutgoingOverlappedBy.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_bed37b1f_0479_4b61_bd49_54e25f414222 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isLeftBy"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b1a64980_c524_4d48_af8f_9805570ce453 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_eb3ffec6_3d69_4633_a3b1_088ad53cb00b ; skos:prefLabel "isLeftBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O that proper overlaps an item I, where the non-overlapping part of I is caused by O."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/isLeftBy.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_c01bea11_1937_4cc0_b40d_4b192fdba311 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isReferredBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; skos:prefLabel "isReferredBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_c66ad523_3937_485e_91bb_ad488ddb373f a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DataByDiscretness"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3e7add3d_e6ed_489a_a796_8e31fef9b490 ; skos:prefLabel "DataByDiscretness"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: AnalogData or DiscreteData"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "Categorisation of data by whether it is descrete or not."@en . emmo:EMMO_c792cf6b_097b_4a9a_9fc8_cb693cd5fdf3 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isSignifiedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; skos:prefLabel "isSignifiedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_cf0f8f57_8a9e_410c_8fe4_a436673fa3d3 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NonPositiveIntegerData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nonPositiveInteger"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f8bd64d5_5d3e_4ad4_a46e_c30714fecb7f ; skos:prefLabel "NonPositiveIntegerData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:nonPositiveInteger"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing an integer number <= 0."@en . emmo:EMMO_d43546df_7fd7_44d5_9d7c_0f2bf56cefe3 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DecimalData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#decimal"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_69ebb235_9c5e_443d_9a3b_7042b1005f1f ; skos:prefLabel "DecimalData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:decimal"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing an arbitrary precision decimal number."@en . emmo:EMMO_d4c95fa1_5bda_4063_a22d_62c81fcea284 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "JunctionTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_663859e5_add3_4c9e_96fb_c99399de278d ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_2b1fb71c_0eb0_445c_9be7_fb5d30ae79fd ], emmo:EMMO_41c5f63b_f0e7_475e_bfac_a92027585979 ; skos:prefLabel "JunctionTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A direct part that is obtained by partitioning a whole hybridly in spatial, temporal and spatiotemporal parts."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/JunctionTile.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_dba27ca1_33c9_4443_a912_1519ce4c39ec a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasConstituent"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_ceaaf9f7_fd11_424b_8fda_9afa186af186 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9a50a0ae_841a_46fe_8b23_3df319b60611 ; skos:prefLabel "hasConstituent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object and one of its holistic part that contributes to the object under some spatial-based criteria."@en . emmo:EMMO_dc6e40f6_5b6c_473b_a715_d36622ada5ad a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "UnsignedShortData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedShort"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3a53b946_4dfd_4a38_bb5b_aa78d7b0db9c, emmo:EMMO_aa972cc9_5d9e_47a2_abc5_00243d6b3917 ; skos:prefLabel "UnsignedShortData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:unsignedShort"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing 16-bit non-negative integer number, 0...65535."@en . emmo:EMMO_e04884d9_eda6_487e_93d5_7722d7eda96b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Persistence"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ; skos:prefLabel "Persistence"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Process or Object"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The union of the object or process classes."@en ; emmo:note """The persistence perspective classifies entities according to the persistence of temporal parts of specifc type, introducing the distiction between objects (when a type is conserved through all its time parts) or processes (where a type is not conserved through all its time parts). This perspective provides classes aimed to represent concepts similar to the ones of endurant and perdurant (a.k.a. continuant and occurrent). However, in the EMMO case, an entity is defined as an object or a process according to a specific type, and not per-se. For this reason an entity in the EMMO can be classified both object or a process depending on the reference type, due to the underlying 4D framework (e.g. an individual may belong both to the class of runners and the class of running process), and the distinction is purely representational. This categorisation has been introduced due to the large use of object/process commonsensical concepts, and the fact that our language distinguish between nouns and verbs to address things, forcing the separation between things that happens and things that persist."""@en . emmo:EMMO_e95b9f89_3ffd_4ea5_b682_97c4cc191a8d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Multiplex"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ; skos:prefLabel "Multiplex"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have a proper parts of the same type of the whole that overlaps all the oter proper parts of the same type."@en . emmo:EMMO_ea5a4079_dbca_4ae7_80f4_415643f95257 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "FullSemiosis"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3fe33e1c_2b62_4669_af92_8066cf53761d ; skos:prefLabel "FullSemiosis"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiosis where the triangle of relations is completely developed."@en . emmo:EMMO_edcb3871_900f_407f_912e_89f96d3e28de a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "RoleBySpatiotemporal"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ; skos:prefLabel "RoleBySpatiotemporal"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes that categorise roles according to that fact that they are temporal or non-temporal parts of the whole."@en . emmo:EMMO_f0fec2df_41f0_4412_b28a_592858c065f0 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DataByNumerical"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3e7add3d_e6ed_489a_a796_8e31fef9b490 ; skos:prefLabel "DataByNumerical"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: NumericalData or NonNumericalData"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "Categorisation of data by whether it is numerical or not."@en . emmo:EMMO_f1ee5c02_5cc0_45ba_a09a_2e6319f75fc8 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "UnsignedLongData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#unsignedLong"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_42eee73b_e4d2_4a0f_b468_3d2ce0475af6 ; skos:prefLabel "UnsignedLongData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:unsignedLong"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing 64-bit non-negative integer number, 0...18446744073709551615."@en . emmo:EMMO_f37fc69b_d6fd_44de_9c66_3c70b2efb7f4 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isJunctionPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2332d7a4_2fbe_4a36_a10f_5c8efcce29d6 ; skos:prefLabel "isJunctionPartOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_f6d0c26a_98b6_4cf8_8632_aa259131faaa a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "MathematicalOperator"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0, emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ; skos:example "The algebraic operator '+' that acts on two real numbers and produces one real number."@en, "The differential operator that acts on a C1 real function and produces another real function."@en ; skos:prefLabel "MathematicalOperator"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A mapping that acts on elements of one space and produces elements of another space."@en . emmo:EMMO_f722a7a9_864d_4896_a331_f90141f90a0a a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isTemporalPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_07808d05_18d1_4253_96e5_58b8277347de ; skos:prefLabel "isTemporalPartOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_f76884f7_964e_488e_9bb7_1b2453e9e817 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Component"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_3c7f239f_e833_4a2b_98a1_c88831770c1b ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ], emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3, emmo:EMMO_ceaaf9f7_fd11_424b_8fda_9afa186af186 ; skos:prefLabel "Component"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "SubClassOf: inverse (hasConstituent) some HolisticSystem"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A constituent of a system."@en . emmo:EMMO_f8a2fe9f_458b_4771_9aba_a50e76afc52d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DifferentialOperator"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f6d0c26a_98b6_4cf8_8632_aa259131faaa ; skos:prefLabel "DifferentialOperator"@en . emmo:EMMO_fdfa43cd_1f48_4d82_ac49_685fe894558f a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isPieceOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_559ab98c_1c7d_4794_996c_8c1d8d56381c ; owl:inverseOf emmo:76413949_896c_4363_a955_de4722c6e149 ; skos:prefLabel "isPieceOf"@en . dm:BasicMetadataSchema a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "BasicMetadataSchema"@en ; rdfs:comment "A basic metadata schema that can describe itself."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf dm:Metadata ; skos:prefLabel "BasicMetadataSchema"@en ; dm:instanceOf dm:BasicMetadataSchema . dm:PropertyValue a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "PropertyValue"@en ; rdfs:comment "The value of a property of a data object. Since the type system is kept open-ended there are no restriction on the actual value in this ontology. In an actual implementation there will be a restriction."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3e7add3d_e6ed_489a_a796_8e31fef9b490, dm:DataModel ; skos:prefLabel "PropertyValue"@en . dm:Transaction a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Transaction"@en ; rdfs:comment """A transaction is an instance who has a parent. The concept of transactions introduces provenance into series of instances. An instance can only have one parent, but the same instance can be the parent of several instances (transactions). The parent of a transaction is immutable."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:cardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onProperty dm:hasParentHash ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onClass dm:Instance ; owl:onProperty dm:hasParent ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], dm:Instance ; skos:prefLabel "Transaction"@en . dm:aggregation a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "connection"@en ; rdfs:comment "A connection between two entities."@en, """In UML this is is a subproperty of aggregation that is not a composition. In EMMO this may be interpreted as 'topological'."""@en ; rdfs:domain dm:DataModel ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:DataModel ; rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topObjectProperty, emmo:EMMO_8785be5a_2493_4b12_8f39_31907ab11748 ; skos:prefLabel "connection"@en . dm:hasLabel a owl:DatatypeProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:label "hasLabel"@en ; rdfs:comment "Range is defined as xsd:string, even though xsd:NCName would have been more precise, but that is not supported by the FaCT++ reasoner."@en, "Refer to a unique and valid C identifier."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:dataComposition ; skos:prefLabel "hasLabel"@en . dm:hasProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasProperty"@en ; rdfs:comment "Relates an entity to one of its properties."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:Entity ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:Property ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:composition ; skos:prefLabel "hasProperty"@en . rdfs:label rdfs:range rdfs:Literal . emmo:EMMO_07808d05_18d1_4253_96e5_58b8277347de a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isPortionPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_fdfa43cd_1f48_4d82_ac49_685fe894558f ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_55354438_7000_4284_b1b9_59d60c2261b9 ; skos:prefLabel "isPortionPartOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_08cb807c_e626_447b_863f_e2835540e918 a owl:NamedIndividual, emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ; rdfs:label "universe"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "universe"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation "The universe is considered as a causally self-connected object, encompassing all other objects. For this reason is unique."@en ; emmo:definition "u ≡ σx⟨P(x, x)⟩"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_1aed91a3_d00c_48af_8f43_a0c958b2512a a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "AlgebraicExpression"@en ; rdfs:comment "An expression that has parts only integer constants, variables, and the algebraic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and exponentiation by an exponent that is a rational number)"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f9bc8b52_85e9_4b53_b969_dd7724d5b8e4 ; skos:example "2x+3"@en ; skos:prefLabel "AlgebraicExpression"@en . emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Determiner"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 ], emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb ; skos:prefLabel "Determiner"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Estimator or Observer"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "An 'interpreter' that perceives another 'entity' (the 'object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'property' (the 'sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception."@en . emmo:EMMO_1e877c70_3b01_45a8_a8f6_8ce4f6a24660 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Contrast"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "Luciano Floridi, \"Information - A very Short Introduction\", Oxford University Press., (2010) ISBN 978-0199551378"@en ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ; skos:altLabel "Dedomena"@en, "Pattern"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Contrast"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A perspective in which entities are represented according to the variation of their properties."@en ; emmo:note """A contrast is a causal object whose variations (non-uniformity) can be recognised and eventually interpreted. A contrast can be of different physical types (e.g., matter, wave, atomic excited states). How the variations are recognised and eventually decoded depends on the interpreting rules that characterise that type of contrast. Variations are pure physical variations and do not necessarily possess semantic meaning."""@en, "The covering axiom that defines the contrast class discriminates within all the possible causal objects between encoded contrast (data) or non encoded contrast."@en . emmo:EMMO_28fbea28_2204_4613_87ff_6d877b855fcd a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Array"@en ; rdfs:comment """Array subclasses with a specific shape can be constructed with cardinality restrictions. See Shape4x3Matrix as an example."""@en, "Arrays are ordered objects, since they are a subclasses of Arrangement."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0 ; skos:example """A Vector is a 1-dimensional Array with Number as spatial direct parts, a Matrix is a 2-dimensional Array with Vector as spatial direct parts, an Array3D is a 3-dimensional Array with Matrix as spatial direct parts, and so forth..."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Array"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Arrays are ordered mathematical objects who's elementary spatial parts are numbers. Their dimensionality is constructed with spatial direct parthood, where 1-dimensional arrays have spatial direct parts Number and n-dimensional array have spatial direct parts (n-1)-dimensional arrays."@en . emmo:EMMO_2b1fb71c_0eb0_445c_9be7_fb5d30ae79fd a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "MixedTiling"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_74a75cf1_3418_4244_b43c_b5db94635d42 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_d4c95fa1_5bda_4063_a22d_62c81fcea284 ], emmo:EMMO_e12dcfa4_c9f1_4546_9a12_8457c052e6ba ; skos:prefLabel "MixedTiling"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A well formed tessellation with at least a junction tile."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/doc/figs/MixedTiling.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_2e46d966_9f14_4673_821e_7c7cf2957926 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SpatioTemporalTile"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_22c91e99_61f8_4433_8853_432d44a2a46a ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_9953c19f_ee33_4af8_be5e_dbf6d1e33581 ; skos:altLabel "WellFormedTile"@en ; skos:prefLabel "SpatioTemporalTile"^^xsd:string ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: SpatialTile or TemporalTile or JunctionTile"^^xsd:string, "EquivalentTo: ThroughTile or EndTile or BeginTile"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all tiles belonging to tessellations in which all tiles are connected through spatiotemporal relations hasNext or contacts."@en . emmo:EMMO_33dc57d7_68bd_460c_a440_26a78d57ea0d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "InterpreterByReferent"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ; skos:prefLabel "InterpreterByReferent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Interpreter classified by how the sign stands for its reference object."@en . emmo:EMMO_35d4c439_fcb6_4399_a855_a89a207b41e9 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Description"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_38f31ba5_348f_4ac2_9a67_a62b5dd7aadd ; skos:example "A biography."@en, "A sentence about some object, depticting its properties."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Description"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A coded that is not atomic with respect to a code of description."@en ; emmo:note "A description is a collection of properties that depicts an object. It is not atomic since it is made of several properties collected together."@en . emmo:EMMO_36a4c1ca_5085_49ca_9e13_4c70d00c50a5 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Deducer"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_39a4e2a4_d835_426d_b497_182d06e1caff ], emmo:EMMO_33dc57d7_68bd_460c_a440_26a78d57ea0d ; skos:example "Someone who deduces an emotional status of a persona according to facial expression."^^xsd:string, "Someone who deduces the occurring of a physical phenomenon through other phenomena."^^xsd:string ; skos:prefLabel "Deducer"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An interpreter who establish the connection between an index sign and an object according to a causal contiguity."@en . emmo:EMMO_3f2e4ac2_8ef3_4a14_b826_60d37f15f8ee a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "mereological"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ec2472ae_cf4a_46a5_8555_1556f5a6c3c5 ; skos:prefLabel "mereological"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass of all mereological EMMO relations."@en ; emmo:note "The EMMO adheres to Atomistic General Extensional Mereology (AGEM)."@en . emmo:EMMO_41c5f63b_f0e7_475e_bfac_a92027585979 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SpatioTemporalTileByConnection"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_2e46d966_9f14_4673_821e_7c7cf2957926 ; skos:prefLabel "SpatioTemporalTileByConnection"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for tiles categorized accordingly to their topological role within a tessellation."@en . emmo:EMMO_42eee73b_e4d2_4a0f_b468_3d2ce0475af6 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NonNegativeIntegerData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nonNegativeInteger"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f8bd64d5_5d3e_4ad4_a46e_c30714fecb7f ; skos:prefLabel "NonNegativeIntegerData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:nonNegativeInteger"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing an integer number >= 0."@en . emmo:EMMO_443198a5_934c_44fa_b89e_28eca13b25b2 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ShortData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#short"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_aa972cc9_5d9e_47a2_abc5_00243d6b3917 ; skos:prefLabel "ShortData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:short"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing 16-bit integer number."@en . emmo:EMMO_4a2bf359_c47b_4aa3_9811_b59c3e1dac1e a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SignByReferent"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ; skos:prefLabel "SignByReferent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Sign classified by how the sign stands for its reference object."@en . emmo:EMMO_4ce76d7f_03f8_45b6_9003_90052a79bfaa a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Numerical"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0 ; skos:prefLabel "Numerical"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A 'Mathematical' that has no unknown value, i.e. all its 'Variable\"-s parts refers to a 'Number' (for scalars that have a built-in datatype) or to another 'Numerical' (for complex numerical data structures that should rely on external implementations)."@en . emmo:EMMO_4d5621e8_af7f_4aef_abd5_f905a34f62af a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SemiosisByReferent"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/peirce-semiotics/"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ; skos:prefLabel "SemiosisByReferent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Semiosis classified by how the sign stands for its reference object."@en . emmo:EMMO_51f93d8c_57fa_4314_a68d_8d69c2609c97 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "LongData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#long"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f8bd64d5_5d3e_4ad4_a46e_c30714fecb7f ; skos:prefLabel "LongData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:long"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing 64-bit integer number."@en . emmo:EMMO_52b8a39b_e5ff_46d3_b972_65bc43077a07 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "CausalParticle"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; owl:disjointWith emmo:EMMO_76bd5e44_bf5a_49f9_a517_eea5e8bcbc2d ; skos:prefLabel "CausalParticle"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: CausalPath or Quantum"^^xsd:string ; emmo:conceptualisation "A causal particle represents the most elementary entity in physics, being it a simple state of an elementary particle, called quantum in the EMMO, or a chain of causally connected quanta."@en ; emmo:definition "The disjoint union of CausalPath and Quantum classes."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of individuals representing causal particles."@en . emmo:EMMO_5e38e44b_a0d1_4afc_a876_95095c0a589f a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SpatioTemporalTileByPosition"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_2e46d966_9f14_4673_821e_7c7cf2957926 ; skos:prefLabel "SpatioTemporalTileByPosition"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for tiles categorized accordingly to their location within a tessellation in terms of causal source, sink or intermediary."@en . emmo:EMMO_64be8885_2c8a_4e84_a4fc_9d2de61b4d0d a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "incomingOverlaps"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b3c8ba10_6bee_45e7_9416_e9019aa9f023 ; skos:prefLabel "incomingOverlaps"@en . emmo:EMMO_7286b164_df4c_4c14_a4b5_d41ad9c121f3 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Coded"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 ], emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 ; skos:example "A biography that makes use of a code that is provided by the meaning of the element of the language used by the author."@en, "The name \"red\" that stands for the color of an object."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Coded"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Description or Property"^^xsd:string, "EquivalentTo: Observed or Estimated"^^xsd:string, "EquivalentTo: Subjective or Objective"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A conventional that stands for an object according to a code of interpretation to which the interpreter refers."@en ; emmo:note """A conventional referring to an object according to a specific code that reflects the results of a specific interaction mechanism and is shared between other interpreters. A coded is always a partial representation of an object since it reflects the object capability to be part of a specific determination. A coded is a sort of name or label that we put upon objects that interact with an determiner in the same specific way. For example, "hot" objects are objects that interact with an observer through a perception mechanism aimed to perceive an heat source. The code is made of terms such as "hot", "warm", "cold", that commonly refer to the perception of heat."""@en, """Let's define the class Colour as the subclass of the coded signs that involve photon emission and electromagnetic radiation sensible observers. An individual C of this class Colour can be defined be declaring the process individual (e.g. daylight illumination) and the observer (e.g. my eyes) Stating that an entity E hasCoded C, we mean that it can be observed by such setup of process + observer (i.e. observed by my eyes under daylight). This definition can be specialised for human eye perception, so that the observer can be a generic human, or to camera perception so that the observer can be a device. This can be used in material characterization, to define exactly the type of measurement done, including the instrument type."""@en . emmo:EMMO_7fb7fe7e_bdf9_4eeb_adad_e384dd5285c6 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasInterpretant"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f275e4e9_062b_4ca4_a679_4f26ec0a48ae ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_8910edc0_6f56_49d2_9f8f_6b0ff908f2e6 ; skos:prefLabel "hasInterpretant"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation that connects a semiotic object to the interpretant in a semiotic process."@en . emmo:EMMO_814b6b76_e0ca_4953_a832_d1816fb695f1 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDirectPart"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_928f6ec2_7564_4c8d_9a10_7a601fa89602 ; skos:altLabel "hasImmediatePart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasDirectPart"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation "Direct parthood is the non transitive version of parthood enabling the establishment of hierarchy of granularities, starting with an entity and providing several granularity levels of parthood."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The non-transitive version of proper parthood property."@en . emmo:EMMO_86726b7c_b208_4690_893e_0cc798fac974 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isJoinedBy"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_1cfd072d_2157_43e2_b9f6_ff1e7a708774 ; skos:prefLabel "isJoinedBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an object O that proper overlaps an item I, where the non-overlapping part of I causes O."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/isJoinedBy.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_8b305b63_6fa3_44dd_9679_17eb8403a07a a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NumericData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 ; skos:prefLabel "NumericData"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A symbolic data representing a numerical value."@en . emmo:EMMO_8e52c42b_e879_4473_9fa1_4b23428b392b a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasRole"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_a9a9d824_5ba1_4dac_a407_e42bf63350ca ; skos:altLabel "hasHolisticPart"@en ; skos:example "An holistic part of water fluid is a water molecule."@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasRole"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between the whole and a proper part of the whole that scale down to the point which it lose the characteristics of the whole and become something else."@en . emmo:EMMO_9e029526_79a2_47a8_a151_dd0545db471b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "NumericalVariable"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1eed0732_e3f1_4b2c_a9c4_b4e75eeb5895 ; skos:prefLabel "NumericalVariable"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A variable standing for a numerical defined mathematical object like e.g. a number, a vector of numbers, a matrix of numbers."@en . emmo:EMMO_aa972cc9_5d9e_47a2_abc5_00243d6b3917 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "IntData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#int"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_51f93d8c_57fa_4314_a68d_8d69c2609c97 ; skos:prefLabel "IntData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:int"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing 32-bit integer number."@en . emmo:EMMO_c4bace1d_4db0_4cd3_87e9_18122bae2840 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasOutput"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b1a64980_c524_4d48_af8f_9805570ce453 ; skos:prefLabel "hasOutput"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an item I, where the non-overlapping part of I is caused by P."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/1.0.2/figs/hasOutput.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_c5b4c32b_74de_403d_96f2_266bec8bd0e8 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "outgoingOverlaps"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b3c8ba10_6bee_45e7_9416_e9019aa9f023 ; skos:prefLabel "outgoingOverlaps"@en . emmo:EMMO_d8d2144e_5c8d_455d_a643_5caf4d8d9df8 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Language"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ; skos:prefLabel "Language"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A language object is a discrete data entity respecting specific language syntactic rules (a well-formed formula)."@en . emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasSpatialPart"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9a50a0ae_841a_46fe_8b23_3df319b60611 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_f1503598_03af_4fec_a860_ebc77aa92832 ; skos:prefLabel "hasSpatialPart"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A proper part of a whole, whose parts always cover the full temporal extension of the whole within a spatial interval."@en ; emmo:note "In EMMO FOL this is a defined property. In OWL temporal relations are primitive."@en, "The part is connected with the rest item or members with hasContact relations only (no hasNext)."@en . emmo:EMMO_e56ee3eb_7609_4ae1_8bed_51974f0960a6 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Equation"@en ; rdfs:comment """An equation with variables can always be represented as: f(v0, v1, ..., vn) = g(v0, v1, ..., vn) where f is the left hand and g the right hand side expressions and v0, v1, ..., vn are the variables."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_f9bc8b52_85e9_4b53_b969_dd7724d5b8e4 ], emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0, emmo:EMMO_88470739_03d3_4c47_a03e_b30a1288d50c ; skos:example """2+3 = 5 x^2 +3x = 5x dv/dt = a sin(x) = y"""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Equation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of 'mathematical'-s that stand for a statement of equality between two mathematical expressions."@en . emmo:EMMO_eb3ffec6_3d69_4633_a3b1_088ad53cb00b a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "leaves"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_c5b4c32b_74de_403d_96f2_266bec8bd0e8 ; skos:prefLabel "leaves"@en . emmo:EMMO_ec2472ae_cf4a_46a5_8555_1556f5a6c3c5 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "EMMORelation"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ; rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "EMMORelation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all relations used by the EMMO."@en . emmo:EMMO_f7f41d20_eabb_4bcb_9a16_0436851fcd5c a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "TemporalTiling"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:allValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_504ad89e_dd4a_4fa6_aeb6_15c8ce0cde9b ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_7efab93d_c8fe_49c7_ba8e_d21d13b38c85 ], emmo:EMMO_e12dcfa4_c9f1_4546_9a12_8457c052e6ba ; skos:prefLabel "TemporalTiling"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A well formed tessellation with tiles that are all temporal."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://w3id.org/emmo/raw/1.0.4/doc/figs/TemporalTile.png"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_f9bc8b52_85e9_4b53_b969_dd7724d5b8e4 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Expression"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0, emmo:EMMO_89a0c87c_0804_4013_937a_6fe234d9499c ; skos:prefLabel "Expression"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A well-formed finite combination of mathematical symbols according to some specific rules."@en . emmo:conceptualisation a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "conceptualisation"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; skos:prefLabel "conceptualisation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The conceptualisation annotation is a comment that helps the reader to understand how the world has been conceptualised by the ontology authors."@en ; emmo:note "A conceptualisation is the preliminary step behind each theory, preceding each logical formalisation. The readers approaching an ontology entity should first read the conceptualisation annotation to clearly understand \"what we are talking about\" and the accompanying terminology, and then read the elucidation."@en, "An conceptualisation can provide references to external knowledge sources (i.e. ISO, Goldbook, RoMM)."@en . emmo:elucidation a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "elucidation"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; skos:prefLabel "elucidation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Short enlightening explanation aimed to facilitate the user in drawing the connection (interpretation) between a OWL entity and the real world object(s) for which it stands."@en ; emmo:note "An elucidation should address the real world entities using the concepts introduced by the conceptualisation annotation."@en . dm:DimensionValue a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DimensionValue"@en ; rdfs:comment "Value of a dimension of a an instance."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:integer ; owl:onProperty dm:hasDimensionSize ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], emmo:EMMO_f8bd64d5_5d3e_4ad4_a46e_c30714fecb7f, dm:DataModel ; skos:prefLabel "DimensionValue"@en . dm:Entity a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Entity"@en ; rdfs:comment """Metadata describing a data object. An entity is uniquely identified by its IRI."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty dm:hasDimension ; owl:someValuesFrom dm:Dimension ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty dm:hasProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom dm:Property ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:string ; owl:onProperty dm:hasDescription ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], dm:DataModel, dm:Metadata ; skos:altLabel "Metadata"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Entity"@en ; dm:instanceOf dm:EntitySchema . dm:Shape a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Shape"@en ; rdfs:comment "An element in the list of of dimension in a property."@en, "ShapeElement would have been a better name."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:maxQualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass dm:DimensionExpression ; owl:onProperty dm:hasFirstDimensionExpression ], emmo:EMMO_36c79456_e29c_400d_8bd3_0eedddb82652, dm:DataModel ; skos:prefLabel "Shape"@en . dm:dataRelation a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "dataRelation"@en ; rdfs:comment "A generic relation between a data attribute and a DataModel subclass that is not a connection or composition."@en, """In UML this is is a subproperty of association that is not an aggregation. In EMMO this may be interpreted as 'semiotical'."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "dataRelation"@en . dm:hasDimension a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDimension"@en ; rdfs:comment "Relates an entity to one of its dimensions."@en ; rdfs:domain [ a owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( dm:DimensionExpression dm:Entity ) ] ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:Dimension ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:composition ; skos:prefLabel "hasDimension"@en . emmo:33fd15ab_7662_4cc6_8bf6_988422efc631 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasMember"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:76413949_896c_4363_a955_de4722c6e149 ; skos:altLabel "hasMaximalPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasMember"@en ; emmo:definition "A proper part which is not connected with the rest of the whole."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between individuals representing a collection and one or more of its members."^^xsd:string ; emmo:note "A maximal part is a proper part that is not connected with the rest of the whole."@en . emmo:76413949_896c_4363_a955_de4722c6e149 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasPiece"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; skos:altLabel "hasNotMaximalPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasPiece"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between two individuals representing an entity and a non-maximal proper part, meaning the the latter is connected with the rest of the whole."@en ; emmo:note "A non-maximal part is a proper part that is connected with the rest of the whole."@en . emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Holistic"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ; skos:altLabel "Wholistic"@en ; skos:example "A molecule of a body can have role in the body evolution, without caring if its part of a specific organ and without specifying the time interval in which this role occurred."@en, "A product is a role that can be fulfilled by many objects, but always requires a process to which the product participates and from which it is generated."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Holistic"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """An holistic perspective considers each part of the whole as equally important, without the need to position the parts within a hierarchy (in time or space). The interest is on the whole, on its parts (how they contribute to the whole, i.e. their roles), and their types, without going further into specifying the spatial hierarchy or the temporal position of each part. This class allows the picking of parts without necessarily going trough a rigid hierarchy of spatial compositions (e.g. body -> organ -> cell -> molecule) or temporal composition. This is inline with the transitive nature of parthood, as it is usually defined in literature."""@en ; emmo:definition "The union of classes whole and part."@en ; emmo:elucidation """A perspective characterized by the belief that: - a whole is more than merely the sum of its parts (wholism) - the parts of a whole are interconnected in a way that can be explained only by reference to the whole (rolism)."""@en ; emmo:note "The holistic perspective is not excluding the reductionistic perspective, on the contrary it can be considered its complement."@en, """Whole and roles are defined using parthood relations. However, there also must be a primitive component in the definition, besides parthood, capturing more subtle relations between entities that makes their relation holistic. For example, a scattering event between an electron and a nucleus requires electron and nucleus types as parts to exist, but this is not enough to make this event an atom, since it requires a persistent bond. So defining something as an atom iff have parts some electons and a nucleus is not enough."""@en . emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Symbolic"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_be8592a7_68d1_4a06_ad23_82f2b56ef926 ; skos:example """fe780 emmo !5*a cat for(i=0;i ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_39a4e2a4_d835_426d_b497_182d06e1caff ], emmo:EMMO_4a2bf359_c47b_4aa3_9811_b59c3e1dac1e ; skos:example """Smoke stands for a combustion process (a fire). My facial expression stands for my emotional status."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Index"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' due to causal continguity."@en . emmo:EMMO_0ed18c6b_8289_44fd_a7d7_c15a8786cdc0 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isInterpretationAccordingTo"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ; skos:prefLabel "isInterpretationAccordingTo"@en . emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Determination"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c ], emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d ; skos:altLabel "Characterisation"@en ; skos:example "Assigning the word \"red\" as sign for an object provides an information to all other interpreters about the outcome of a specific observation procedure according to the determiner."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Determination"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Estimation or Observation"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A 'Semiosis' that involves an 'Observer' that perceives another 'Physical' (the 'Object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'Property' (the 'Sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception according to a well defined conventional procedure."@en . emmo:EMMO_1783139f_575f_4e41_a409_1e70aceced27 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "PartialSemiosis"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3fe33e1c_2b62_4669_af92_8066cf53761d ; skos:prefLabel "PartialSemiosis"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiosis where the triangle of relation is not completely developed."@en . emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Cogniser"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_7cdc375d_d371_4d78_acd5_d51732f52126 ], emmo:EMMO_33dc57d7_68bd_460c_a440_26a78d57ea0d ; skos:example "The scientist that connects an equation to a physical phenomenon."^^xsd:string ; skos:prefLabel "Cogniser"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An interpreter who establish the connection between an icon an an object recognizing their resemblance (e.g. logical, pictorial)"@en . emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Whole"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_8e52c42b_e879_4473_9fa1_4b23428b392b ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ], emmo:EMMO_eb50c9cb_9576_4a61_95ec_f81fb8218187 ; skos:prefLabel "Whole"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass of entities which are defined by requiring the existence of some parts (at least one) of specifically given types, where the specified types are different with respect to the type of the whole."@en ; emmo:note """A whole is always defined using a criterion expressed through the classical transitive parthood relation. This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its wholeness, dependently on some of their parts and independently on the surroundings."""@en, "A whole is categorized as fundamental (or maximal) or redundant (non-maximal)."@en . emmo:EMMO_29e45c39_cc99_43f8_a545_f329f622f551 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "throughOverlaps"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b3c8ba10_6bee_45e7_9416_e9019aa9f023 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d78b940d_4e2a_4a46_816b_da89029adc19 ; skos:prefLabel "throughOverlaps"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an item I1 that proper overlaps an Item I2 where I1 has two non-overlapping parts, one that causes I2 and one that is a cause of I2."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/throughOverlaps.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_2bb50428_568d_46e8_b8bf_59a4c5656461 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isOutputOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_c5b4c32b_74de_403d_96f2_266bec8bd0e8 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_c4bace1d_4db0_4cd3_87e9_18122bae2840 ; skos:prefLabel "isOutputOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_451e410e_8e0d_4a4b_9211_d6ef619296dc a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "successorOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2a28c0dd_89b1_47ac_b81f_fccc56f39617, emmo:EMMO_5dc167a2_d50e_47a5_be4f_5139f3bff2ec ; skos:altLabel "isAncestorOf"@en ; skos:prefLabel "successorOf"@en . emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Declaration"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb ], emmo:EMMO_4d5621e8_af7f_4aef_abd5_f905a34f62af ; skos:altLabel "ConventionalSemiosis"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Declaration"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Determination or Naming"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic process that assigns a sign based on conventions."@en . emmo:EMMO_53ed8611_2cd7_4286_9ef0_36572117b963 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Fusion"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ; skos:example "An atom, a group of persons, a fluid."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Fusion"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: CausalCluster or CausalStructure"^^xsd:string ; emmo:conceptualisation "A mereological fusion is any entity that is made up of two or more quantum entities, regardless of the fact that they are or not self-connected. It captures the idea of set, but excluding singletons."@en ; emmo:definition "The union of the CausalCluster and CausalStructure classes."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of individuals representing mereological fusions consisting of two or more quantum entities."@en . emmo:EMMO_555d0261_da5e_4301_b7f9_46f604a32e91 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "directlyCauses"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6 ; skos:altLabel "isDirectCauseOf"@en ; skos:prefLabel "directlyCauses"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """Direct causality is a concept that captures the idea of direct interaction between two entities, given the fact that there are no causal intermediaries between them. It requires that at least a quantum of the causing entity is direct cause of a quantum of the caused entity. It does not exclude the possibility of other indirect causal routes between some proper parts of the two entities. The direct causality in a 4D ontology covers both time-like causal interaction (when causality is one-way from one entity to another) and space-like causal interaction (when causality is two-way between two entities)."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "A causal relation between the causing and the effected entities occurring without intermediaries."@en ; emmo:note "Direct cause is irreflexive."@en, "Direct cause provides the edges for the transitive restriction of the direct acyclic causal graph whose nodes are the quantum entities."@en . emmo:EMMO_707f0cd1_941c_4b57_9f20_d0ba30cd6ff3 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ArithmeticOperator"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3c424d37_cf62_41b1_ac9d_a316f8d113d6 ; skos:prefLabel "ArithmeticOperator"@en . emmo:EMMO_74a75cf1_3418_4244_b43c_b5db94635d42 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasTile"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_ee0466e4_780d_4236_8281_ace7ad3fc5d2 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_9953c19f_ee33_4af8_be5e_dbf6d1e33581 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_814b6b76_e0ca_4953_a832_d1816fb695f1 ; skos:altLabel "hasDirectPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasTile"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """Tiling parthood enables the establishment of hierarchy of granularities, starting with an entity and providing several tessellation levels according to specific criteria. The criteria are implemented in specialised versions of the tiling parthood relation (e.g., metrological direct part, XML format direct part). The tiles and the tessellated entity (tessellation) are causally self connected (i.e., items), coherently with the concept behind the definition of the reductionistic perspective. The tiles of specific granularity level provide a covering for the whole and are mutually non-overlapping, as the label "tile" suggests."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation grouping all direct parthood relations used in the reductionistic perspective."@en ; emmo:note "This relation is a simple collector of all relations inverse functional direct parthoods that can be defined in specialised theories using reductionism."^^xsd:string, "This relation is not antitransitive, to enable partitioning of a causal structure with more than one tiling scheme (e.g. time and space partitioning)."@en . emmo:EMMO_76bd5e44_bf5a_49f9_a517_eea5e8bcbc2d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "CausalCluster"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_53ed8611_2cd7_4286_9ef0_36572117b963 ; skos:prefLabel "CausalCluster"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Collection or CausalSystem"^^xsd:string ; emmo:conceptualisation "With the causal cluster term we address an heterogeneous group of entities, which possess the common feature of having at least two causally non connected quanta. It comprises collections (non self-connected entities) and causal systems (entities extended in space)."@en ; emmo:definition "The disjoint union of the CausalSystem and Collection classes."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of individuals representing causal clusters."@en . emmo:EMMO_846b637b_7b12_47a1_9430_0274b2f588ac a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ProcessByContext"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; skos:prefLabel "ProcessByContext"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes that categorise projects according to their mereological and persistence context"@en . emmo:EMMO_89a0c87c_0804_4013_937a_6fe234d9499c a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SymbolicConstruct"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1141d225_fe90_4230_82c6_31cab6a4e3fe ; skos:prefLabel "SymbolicConstruct"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "SubClassOf: hasProperPart some Symbolic"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A symbolic entity made of other symbolic entities according to a specific spatial configuration."@en ; emmo:note "This class collects individuals that represents arrangements of strings, or other symbolic compositions, without any particular predefined arrangement schema."@en . emmo:EMMO_8bb6b688_812a_4cb9_b76c_d5a058928719 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Semiotics"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/peirce-semiotics/"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://github.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/wiki/EMMO-Introduction#25-Semiotic-Framework"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ; skos:prefLabel "Semiotics"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Semiosis or SemioticEntity"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A perspective based on Pierce semiotics, where an interpreter relates a referent to a sign in through semiotic relations."@en . emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "overcrosses"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_e4f66254_7312_4de5_a86a_6e0808baaaab ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_a8bd7094_6b40_47af_b1f4_a69d81a3afbd ; skos:prefLabel "overcrosses"@en ; emmo:definition "OX(x, y) ≡ O(x, y) ∧ ¬P(x,y)"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an entity that overlaps another without being its part."@en . emmo:EMMO_9d799b43_e188_4047_8167_121d96b31a26 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "ObjectByContext"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; skos:prefLabel "ObjectByContext"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes that categorise objects according to their mereological and persistence context"@en . emmo:EMMO_b2282816_b7a3_44c6_b2cb_3feff1ceb7fe a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasSpatialTile"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_4cf484af_082a_40f5_9f11_930bf4634482 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7efab93d_c8fe_49c7_ba8e_d21d13b38c85 ; skos:altLabel "hasSpatialDirectPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasSpatialTile"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation between the whole and one of its tiles, where the tile is only spatially connected with the other tiles forming the tessellation."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Property"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_38f31ba5_348f_4ac2_9a67_a62b5dd7aadd ; skos:example """Hardness is a subclass of properties. Vickers hardness is a subclass of hardness that involves the procedures and instruments defined by the standard hardness test."""@en, "The name \"red\" which is atomic in the code made of the list of colors."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Property"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A coded that makes use of an atomic symbol with respect to the code used to refer to the interaction."@en ; emmo:note "A property is atomic in the sense that is aimed to deliver one and one only aspect of the object according to one code, such as the color with one sign (e.g., black) or a quantitiative property (e.g., 1.4 kg)."@en . emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SemioticEntity"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8bb6b688_812a_4cb9_b76c_d5a058928719 ; skos:prefLabel "SemioticEntity"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Interpreter or SemioticObject or Sign"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The class of individuals that stands for semiotic objects, i.e. objects that take part on a semiotic process."@en ; emmo:note """Semiotic subclasse are defined using Peirce's semiotic theory. "Namely, a sign is something, A, which brings something, B, its interpretant sign determined or created by it, into the same sort of correspondence with something, C, its object, as that in which itself stands to C." (Peirce 1902, NEM 4, 20–21). The triadic elements: - 'sign': the sign A (e.g. a name) - 'interpretant': the sign B as the effects of the sign A on the interpreter (e.g. the mental concept of what a name means) - 'object': the object C (e.g. the entity to which the sign A and B refer to) This class includes also the 'interpeter' i.e. the entity that connects the 'sign' to the 'object'"""@en . emmo:EMMO_ceaaf9f7_fd11_424b_8fda_9afa186af186 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Constituent"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dba27ca1_33c9_4443_a912_1519ce4c39ec ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ], emmo:EMMO_9d799b43_e188_4047_8167_121d96b31a26 ; skos:altLabel "ObjectPart"@en ; skos:example "A tire is a constituent of a car."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Constituent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "An object which is a spatial part of another object."@en . emmo:EMMO_d01b3ee2_91a5_4ce2_95cd_f0d2c333c6d3 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:SymmetricProperty ; rdfs:label "alongsideWith"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_54d0d0f4_d9fa_4179_a9b5_4110c49dafff, emmo:EMMO_5dc167a2_d50e_47a5_be4f_5139f3bff2ec, emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6 ; skos:altLabel "coexistsWith"@en, "concurrentWith"@en, "interactsWith"@en ; skos:example "I'm interacting with another tennis player through a ball. Or, two people in a webconference are interacting using a mediator which is the network signal."@en ; skos:prefLabel "alongsideWith"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between two causally reachable entities through a path of contacts relations (i.e. representing physical interactions)."@en . emmo:EMMO_da27d905_beb6_44ea_a330_a2dd9c17b263 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasInternalRepresentation"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f275e4e9_062b_4ca4_a679_4f26ec0a48ae ; skos:prefLabel "hasInternalRepresentation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between the interpreter and the interpretant, being its internal representation."@en . emmo:EMMO_e12dcfa4_c9f1_4546_9a12_8457c052e6ba a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SpatioTemporalTessellation"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_7efab93d_c8fe_49c7_ba8e_d21d13b38c85 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ], emmo:EMMO_ee0466e4_780d_4236_8281_ace7ad3fc5d2 ; skos:altLabel "WellFormedTessellation"@en ; skos:prefLabel "SpatioTemporalTessellation"^^xsd:string ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: MixedTiling or SpatialTiling or TemporalTiling"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all tessellations in which all tiles are connected through spatiotemporal relations hasNext or contacts."@en . emmo:EMMO_eb3518bf_f799_4f9e_8c3e_ce59af11453b a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasConvention"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ; skos:prefLabel "hasConvention"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A semiotic relation that connects a declared semiotic object to a conventional sign in a declaration process."@en . emmo:EMMO_ebc9e62c_5dc4_44db_9060_7923740bdf78 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isBefore"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; skos:altLabel "isTemporallyBefore"@en ; skos:prefLabel "isBefore"@en ; emmo:definition "A relation jointly covered by hasNext and hasSuccessor relations, which are mutually exclusive."@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation between entities that are only one-directionally causally connected."@en . emmo:EMMO_ee0466e4_780d_4236_8281_ace7ad3fc5d2 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Tessellation"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_74a75cf1_3418_4244_b43c_b5db94635d42 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ], emmo:EMMO_15db234d_ecaf_4715_9838_4b4ec424fb13 ; skos:altLabel "Tiling"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Tessellation"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation "A tessellation (or tiling) is the covering of a surface, often a plane, using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps."@en ; emmo:elucidation "A causal structure that is tessellated in direct parts."@en . dm:Dimension a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Dimension"@en ; rdfs:comment "A dimension of an Entity. Dimensions have a label, which i unique within the scope of the Entity and a human description."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:string ; owl:onProperty dm:hasDescription ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:string ; owl:onProperty dm:hasLabel ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], emmo:EMMO_ceaaf9f7_fd11_424b_8fda_9afa186af186, dm:DataModel ; skos:prefLabel "Dimension"@en . dm:hasDescription a owl:DatatypeProperty, owl:FunctionalProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDescription"@en ; rdfs:comment "An human readable description of a class."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:DataModel ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range xsd:string ; rdfs:subPropertyOf dm:dataComposition ; skos:prefLabel "hasDescription"@en . emmo:EMMO_1328d112_e731_4e56_b9b9_6b6cdd495cd6 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasDistinctPart"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9f55743f_a5e2_4a75_a68c_978c36117dec ; skos:example "A molecule is a distinct part of a fluid."@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasDistinctPart"@en ; emmo:definition "DP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ[φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y)]"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The superproperty of all object property relations between an entity and one of its proper parts that belongs to different taxonomical branch."@en ; emmo:note "A part is always distinct xor redundant."@en . emmo:EMMO_1eed0732_e3f1_4b2c_a9c4_b4e75eeb5895 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Variable"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0 ; skos:example """x k"""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Variable"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A variable is a symbolic object that stands for any other mathematical object, such as number, a vector, a matrix, a function, the argument of a function, a set, an element of a set."@en . emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Declarer"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d ], emmo:EMMO_33dc57d7_68bd_460c_a440_26a78d57ea0d ; skos:example "A scientist that assigns a quantity to a physical objects without actually measuring it but taking it for granted due to its previous experience (e.g. considering an electron charge as 1.6027663e-19 C, assigning a molecular mass to a gas only by the fact of a name on the bottle)."^^xsd:string, "Someone who assigns a name to an object."^^xsd:string ; skos:prefLabel "Declarer"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Determiner or Namer"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "An interpreter who establish the connection between an conventional sign and an object according to a specific convention."@en . emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Conventional"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d ], emmo:EMMO_4a2bf359_c47b_4aa3_9811_b59c3e1dac1e ; skos:prefLabel "Conventional"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Uncoded or Coded"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' through convention, norm or habit, without any resemblance to it."@en ; emmo:note "In Peirce semiotics this kind of sign category is called symbol. However, since symbol is also used in formal languages, the name is changed in conventional."@en . emmo:EMMO_36e69413_8c59_4799_946c_10b05d266e22 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasInput"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_1cfd072d_2157_43e2_b9f6_ff1e7a708774 ; skos:prefLabel "hasInput"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a process P that proper overlaps an item I, where the non-overlapping part of I causes P."@en ; emmo:illustration "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emmo-repo/EMMO/dev/doc/figs/hasInput.png"^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_55354438_7000_4284_b1b9_59d60c2261b9 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasPortionPart"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:76413949_896c_4363_a955_de4722c6e149 ; skos:prefLabel "hasPortionPart"@en ; emmo:definition "A proper part relation with domain restricted to items."@en ; emmo:note "A part of an item is always non-maximal, meaning that is causally connected with the rest."@en . emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "HolisticSystem"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_3c7f239f_e833_4a2b_98a1_c88831770c1b ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_f76884f7_964e_488e_9bb7_1b2453e9e817 ], emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0, emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ; skos:prefLabel "HolisticSystem"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "SubClassOf: hasComponent some Component"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "An object that is made of a set of sub objects working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network (natural or artificial); a complex whole."@en ; emmo:note "A system is conceived as an aggregate of things that 'work' (or interact) together. While a system extends in time through distinct temporal parts (like every other 4D object), this elucdation focuses on a timescale in which the obejct shows a persistence in time."@en . emmo:EMMO_6735d3ff_67f8_43b5_b5b0_240fbfab4517 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isCausedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; skos:altLabel "causes"@en ; skos:prefLabel "isCausedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_82a96de2_41aa_4bf7_b7ac_de1373d50160 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "standsFor"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; skos:prefLabel "standsFor"@en . emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Symbol"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1141d225_fe90_4230_82c6_31cab6a4e3fe ; skos:altLabel "AlphabeticEntity"@en ; skos:example "A letter, a number, a punctuation sign, a space, an UTF-8 character."@en, "The class of letter \"A\" is the symbol as idea and the letter A that you see on the screen is the mark that can be represented by an individual belonging to \"A\"."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Symbol"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of individuals that stand for an elementary mark of a specific symbolic code (alphabet)."@en ; emmo:note """Subclasses of 'Symbol' are alphabets, in formal languages terminology. A 'Symbol' is atomic for that alphabet, i.e. it has no parts that are symbols for the same alphabet. e.g. a math symbol is not made of other math symbols A Symbol may be a String in another language. e.g. "Bq" is the symbol for Becquerel units when dealing with metrology, or a string of "B" and "q" symbols when dealing with characters."""@en, """Symbols of a formal language need not be symbols of anything. For instance there are logical constants which do not refer to any idea, but rather serve as a form of punctuation in the language (e.g. parentheses). Symbols of a formal language must be capable of being specified without any reference to any interpretation of them. (Wikipedia)"""@en, "The class is the idea of the symbol, while the individual of that class stands for a specific mark (or token) of that idea."@en . emmo:EMMO_a8bd7094_6b40_47af_b1f4_a69d81a3afbd a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ; skos:prefLabel "isPartOf"@en ; emmo:definition """Reflexivity: Pxx Transitivity: (Pxy ∧ Pyz) → Pxz Antisymmetry: (Pxy ∧ Pyx) → x=y."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "The inverse relation of hasPart."@en . emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "causal"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ec2472ae_cf4a_46a5_8555_1556f5a6c3c5 ; skos:prefLabel "causal"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """Causality is the fundamental concept describing how entities affect each other, and conceptually precedes time and space relations. In the EMMO causality is the foundation for space and time relations. Embracing a strong reductionistic view, causality originates at quantum entities level, meaning that causal relations between macroscopic entities is simply the sum of quantum level causality relations."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass of all causal EMMO relations."@en ; emmo:note "Causality in the EMMO is intended as physical causation and not counter-factual. Meaning that causality is an expression of actual physical interactions, and not of a counterfactual depence such as “I didn't water the flowers, hence, I'm the cause of their death”."@en, "Each pair of entities is either in isCauseOf or isNotCauseOf relation. The two are mutually exclusive."@en . emmo:EMMO_cd9a3a58_dabc_4c46_9ea4_03ca000b2022 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "interprets"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; skos:prefLabel "interprets"@en . emmo:EMMO_d78b940d_4e2a_4a46_816b_da89029adc19 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isThroughOverlappedBy"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b3c8ba10_6bee_45e7_9416_e9019aa9f023 ; skos:prefLabel "isThroughOverlappedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_e1f718c7_27b6_49fa_af01_9ece7c79b654 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "semioticOvercrossedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy emmo:EMMO_f275e4e9_062b_4ca4_a679_4f26ec0a48ae, ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_e4f66254_7312_4de5_a86a_6e0808baaaab ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_f275e4e9_062b_4ca4_a679_4f26ec0a48ae ; skos:prefLabel "semioticOvercrossedBy"@en . emmo:EMMO_e4f66254_7312_4de5_a86a_6e0808baaaab a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isOvercrossedBy"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ; skos:prefLabel "isOvercrossedBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The inverse relation for overcrosses."@en . emmo:EMMO_f8bd64d5_5d3e_4ad4_a46e_c30714fecb7f a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "IntegerData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#integer"^^xsd:anyURI ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d43546df_7fd7_44d5_9d7c_0f2bf56cefe3 ; skos:prefLabel "IntegerData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: hasDataValue some xsd:integer"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A data representing an arbritrary sized integer number."@en . emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "CausalPath"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf _:164, emmo:EMMO_52b8a39b_e5ff_46d3_b972_65bc43077a07, emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; skos:altLabel "CausalChain"@en, "Elementary"@en ; skos:example "An electron moving in time interacting with other particles."@en ; skos:prefLabel "CausalPath"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation "A causal chain is an ordered causal sequence of entities that does not host any bifurcation within itself (a chain). A chain can only be partitioned in time."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of entities that possess a temporal structure but no spatial structure."@en ; emmo:note "A causal path is a concept almost equivalent to the concept of elementary particle in physics."@en . emmo:EMMO_3733bd38_ca2b_4264_a92a_3075a1715598 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "foreruns"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_451e410e_8e0d_4a4b_9211_d6ef619296dc ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6, emmo:EMMO_ebc9e62c_5dc4_44db_9060_7923740bdf78 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_451e410e_8e0d_4a4b_9211_d6ef619296dc ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_d01b3ee2_91a5_4ce2_95cd_f0d2c333c6d3 ; skos:altLabel "hasSuccessor"@en, "isAntecedentOf"@en, "predecessorOf"@en ; skos:example "My life between 18-24 years has successor my life between 32-40 years, since there is an intermediary (i.e. my life between 25-32 years)."@en ; skos:prefLabel "foreruns"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A causal relation between the y effected and the x causing entities with intermediaries, where x isCauseOf y and not(y isCauseOf x)."@en ; emmo:note "Transitivity is implemented at A-Box level with a SWRL rule."@en . emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Quantum"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_52b8a39b_e5ff_46d3_b972_65bc43077a07 ; owl:disjointWith emmo:EMMO_53ed8611_2cd7_4286_9ef0_36572117b963 ; skos:altLabel "RealParticle"@en ; skos:example """From a physics perspective a quantum can be related to smallest identifiable entities, according to the limits imposed by the uncertainty principle in space and time measurements. However, the quantum mereotopology approach is not restricted only to physics. For example, in a manpower management ontology, a quantum can stand for an hour (time) of a worker (space) activity."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Quantum"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """A quantum is the most fundamental item of the EMMO (both mereologically and causally) and is considered causally self-connected by definition. The quantum concept recalls the fact that there is lower epistemological limit to our knowledge of the universe, related to the uncertainity principle. In the EMMO, space and time emerge following the network of causal connections between quantum objects. So quantum objects are adimensional objects, that precede space and time dimensions: they are simple beings (in greek οντα). Using physics concepts, we can think the quantum as an elementary particle (e.g. an electron) in a specific state between two causal interactions. For a quanta to change its state, it requires an interaction. A quantum may be thought as standing for an incoming or outcoming real particle in a Feynman diagram in a scattering event."""@en ; emmo:definition "Q(x) ≡ ¬∃y(PP(y,x))"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of the mereological and causal fundamental entities having no proper parts"@en ; emmo:note "A quantum is the EMMO mereological atomistic and causal reductionistic entity. To avoid confusion with the concept of atom coming from physics and to underline the causal reductionistic approach, we will use the expression quantum mereology, instead of atomistic mereology."@en . emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Role"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_8e52c42b_e879_4473_9fa1_4b23428b392b ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ], emmo:EMMO_946b5162_95b0_4801_81d4_efef43842a0d ; skos:altLabel "HolisticPart"@en, "Part"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Role"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """A role entity is categorized according to its relation with the whole, i.e. how it contribute to make a specific whole, and not as standalone entity. This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its relation with the surrounding whole (being a part implies being surrounded by something bigger to which it contributes). For example. a human being is a stand alone type, but an instance of a human being can also be an instance of the type student (intended as a role) if it plays a part into a school environment (i.e., a student entity can exist only if it is part of a surrounding whole: the school). The role type requires that also the whole type depends on the existence of parts of a specific type (e.g., there is no school without students)."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "An entity that is categorized according to its relation with a whole through a parthood relation and that contributes to it according to an holistic criterion, where the type of the whole is not the type of the part."@en . emmo:EMMO_559ab98c_1c7d_4794_996c_8c1d8d56381c a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isProperPartOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_a8bd7094_6b40_47af_b1f4_a69d81a3afbd, emmo:EMMO_e4f66254_7312_4de5_a86a_6e0808baaaab ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; skos:prefLabel "isProperPartOf"@en ; emmo:definition "PP(x, y) ≡ P(x, y) ∧ ¬x=y"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The inverse relation for hasProperPart."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasTemporalPart"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_55354438_7000_4284_b1b9_59d60c2261b9 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_f722a7a9_864d_4896_a331_f90141f90a0a ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_9a50a0ae_841a_46fe_8b23_3df319b60611 ; skos:prefLabel "hasTemporalPart"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation that identify a proper item part of the whole, whose parts always cover the full spatial extension of the whole within a time interval."@en ; emmo:note """A temporal part of an item cannot both cause and be caused by any other proper part of the item. A temporal part is not constraint to be causally self-connected, i.e. it can be either an item or a collection. We therefore introduce two subproperties in order to distinguish between both cases."""@en, "In EMMO FOL this is a defined property. In OWL temporal relations are primitive."@en . emmo:EMMO_7efab93d_c8fe_49c7_ba8e_d21d13b38c85 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasSpatioTemporalTile"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_e12dcfa4_c9f1_4546_9a12_8457c052e6ba ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_2e46d966_9f14_4673_821e_7c7cf2957926 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_74a75cf1_3418_4244_b43c_b5db94635d42 ; skos:altLabel "hasWellFormedTile"@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasSpatioTemporalTile"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A tile that is connected with other tiles with bi-directional causal relations that fall under hasNext (or its inverse) or hasContact."@en ; emmo:note "This owl:ObjectProperty is, like its super property, a mere collector of direct parthoods that manifest a spatiotemporal meaningful shape."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_b3c8ba10_6bee_45e7_9416_e9019aa9f023 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty, owl:SymmetricProperty ; rdfs:label "properOverlaps"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420, emmo:EMMO_e4f66254_7312_4de5_a86a_6e0808baaaab ; skos:prefLabel "properOverlaps"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between two entities that overlaps and neither of them is a part of the other."@en . emmo:note a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "note"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; skos:prefLabel "note"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A text that add some information about the entity."@en ; emmo:note "A note can be addressed to facilitate interpretation, to suggest possible usage, to clarify the concepts behind each entity with respect to other ontological apporaches."@en . dm:DimensionExpression a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DimensionExpression"@en ; rdfs:comment "A dimension expression is a mathematical expression of dimension labels."@en, """Examples: "N" "N+1" "N+2*M\""""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty dm:hasDimension ; owl:someValuesFrom dm:Dimension ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:allValuesFrom dm:DimensionExpression ; owl:onProperty dm:hasNextDimensionExpression ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:string ; owl:onProperty dm:hasValue ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], dm:DataModel ; owl:equivalentClass emmo:EMMO_f9bc8b52_85e9_4b53_b969_dd7724d5b8e4 ; skos:prefLabel "DimensionExpression"@en . dm:Metadata a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Metadata"@en ; rdfs:comment "Metadata describing its instances."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty dm:hasDimension ; owl:someValuesFrom dm:Dimension ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty dm:hasProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom dm:Property ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:string ; owl:onProperty dm:hasDescription ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], dm:Instance ; skos:prefLabel "Metadata"@en . dm:Property a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Property"@en ; rdfs:comment """A property describes one real data element in the corresponding object (instance) in terms of its - type - shape - unit In addition have properties a label (unique within the scope of the entity) and a human description."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:string ; owl:onProperty dm:hasLabel ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:allValuesFrom dm:Shape ; owl:onProperty dm:EMMO_23057c59_2137_40ab_84a4_748933a689df ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:string ; owl:onProperty dm:hasDescription ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:string ; owl:onProperty dm:hasUnit ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], emmo:EMMO_ceaaf9f7_fd11_424b_8fda_9afa186af186, dm:DataModel ; skos:prefLabel "Property"@en . dm:composition a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "composition"@en ; rdfs:comment """In UML this corresponds to UML composition. In EMMO this is a 'mereological'."""@en, "Relates a part to its whole."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:DataModel ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range dm:DataModel ; rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topObjectProperty, emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ; skos:altLabel "hasPart"@en ; skos:prefLabel "composition"@en . dm:dataComposition a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "dataComposition"@en ; rdfs:comment "Relates a data attribute to the whole (DataModel subclass) that it is a part of."@en ; rdfs:domain dm:DataModel ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; skos:prefLabel "dataComposition"@en . emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Collection"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf _:88, emmo:EMMO_76bd5e44_bf5a_49f9_a517_eea5e8bcbc2d ; owl:disjointWith emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; skos:example "The collection of users of a particular software, the collection of atoms that have been part of that just dissociated molecule."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Collection"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """A collection is the concept that complements the item. A collection is an entity that has at least one part non directly causally connected with the rest. A collection can be partitioned in maximally connected items called members. The members are self-connected entities and there is no direct causality relation between them. The combination of collection and item concepts is the EMMO mereocausality alternative to set theory. However, two items can be members only if they are non direct causally connected, giving some constraints to a collection definition. For example, two entities which are directly connected cannot be two distinct members, while their interiors (i.e. the entities obtained by removing the layer of parts that provides the causal contact between them) can be."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of not direct causally self-connected world entities."@en . emmo:EMMO_3e7add3d_e6ed_489a_a796_8e31fef9b490 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Data"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1e877c70_3b01_45a8_a8f6_8ce4f6a24660 ; owl:disjointWith emmo:EMMO_5a10e288_c6a5_409a_a16a_98a2fb8be4f3 ; skos:altLabel "EncodedContrast"@en, "EncodedData"@en ; skos:example """A Radio Morse Code transmission can be addressed by combination of perspectives. Physicalistic: the electromagnetic pulses can be defined as individual A (of type Field) and the strip of paper coming out a printer receiver can be defined as individual B (of type Matter). Data: both A and B are also DiscreteData class individuals. In particular they may belong to a MorseData class, subclass of DiscreteData. Perceptual: B is an individual belonging to the graphical entities expressing symbols. In particular is a formula under the MorseLanguage class, made of a combination of . and - symbols. Semiotics: A and B can be signs if they refers to something else (e.g. a report about a fact, names)."""@en, "A signal through a cable. A sound wave. Words on a page. The pattern of excited states within a computer RAM."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Data"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A causal object whose properties variation are encoded by an agent and that can be decoded by another agent according to a specific rule."@en ; emmo:note """EncodedData is the class where inventions that don't actually exist would be placed. For example, the blueprint of a bridge is an encoded data. When the bridge will be built, than the blueprint will also be a semiotical entity. Another example is Superman, that exists only as a set of magazines, drawings, novels, movies, but not in the real world."""@en, """Variations in data are generated by an agent (not necessarily human) and are intended to be decoded by the same or another agent using the same encoding rules. Data are always generated by an agent but not necessarily possess a semantic meaning, either because it's lost or unknown or because simply they possess none (e.g. a random generation of symbols). A data object may be used as the physical basis for a sign, under Semiotics perspective."""@en, """We call "decoding" the act of recognise the variation according to a particular rule and generate another equivalent schema (e.g. in the agent's cognitive apparatus, as another form of data). We call "interpreting" the act of providing semantic meaning to data, which is covered by the semiotic perspective."""@en ; emmo:wikipediaReference "https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data"^^xsd:anyURI . emmo:EMMO_436c8a78_f95d_42a0_9854_07ad3736f061 a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "mathematicalSymbolValue"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_5be83f9c_a4ba_4b9a_be1a_5bfc6e891231 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_23b579e1_8088_45b5_9975_064014026c42 ; skos:prefLabel "mathematicalSymbolValue"@en . emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isInterpretedBy"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cd9a3a58_dabc_4c46_9ea4_03ca000b2022 ; skos:prefLabel "isInterpretedBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation connecting a sign to the interpreter in a semiotic process."@en . emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Perspective"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; skos:prefLabel "Perspective"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of causal objects that stand for world objects according to a specific representational perspective."@en ; emmo:note """This class is the practical implementation of the EMMO pluralistic approach for which the only objective categorization is provided by the Universe individual and all the Quantum individuals. Between these two extremes, there are several subjective ways to categorize real world objects, each one provide under a 'Perspective' subclass."""@en . emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Fundamental"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_32e701c0_a925_49df_9829_0931b8554807 ; skos:altLabel "Lifetime"@en ; skos:example """A marathon is an example of class whose individuals are always maximal since the criteria satisfied by a marathon 4D entity poses some constraints on its temporal and spatial extent. On the contrary, the class for a generic running process does not necessarily impose maximality to its individuals. A running individual is maximal only when it extends in time for the minimum amount required to identify a running act, so every possible temporal part is always a non-running. Following the two examples, a marathon individual is a maximal that can be decomposed into running intervals. The marathon class is a subclass of running."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Fundamental"@en ; emmo:definition "Fundamental(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ¬∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)]"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have no proper parts of the same type of the whole."@en . emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isRepresentedBy"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_82a96de2_41aa_4bf7_b7ac_de1373d50160 ; skos:prefLabel "isRepresentedBy"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation that connects the semiotic object to the sign in a semiotic process."@en . emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Redundant"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_32e701c0_a925_49df_9829_0931b8554807 ; skos:altLabel "NonMaximal"@en ; skos:example "A sufficently large volume of liquid water has parts of the same type."@en, """An object A which is classified as water-fluid possesses a proper part B which is water itself if the lenght scale of the B is larger than the water intermolecular distance keeping it in the continuum range. In this sense, A is redundant. If A is a water-fluid so small that its every proper part is no more a continuum object (i.e. no more a fluid), then A is fundamental."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Redundant"@en ; emmo:definition "Redundant(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)]"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for all classes of entities that have parts of the same type of the whole."@en . emmo:EMMO_f275e4e9_062b_4ca4_a679_4f26ec0a48ae a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "semioticOvercrosses"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_8bb6b688_812a_4cb9_b76c_d5a058928719 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_8bb6b688_812a_4cb9_b76c_d5a058928719 ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420 ; skos:prefLabel "semioticOvercrosses"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superproperties for overcrossing relations between semiotic entities."@en . rdfs:seeAlso rdfs:comment """EMMO applies the naming convension to its sub-properties of rdfs:seeAlso that their label must end with one of the following terms: - 'Match': resolvable URLs to corresponding entity in another ontology - 'Entry': resolvable URLs to a human readable resource describing the subject - 'Ref': non-resolvable reference to a human readable resource describing the subject"""@en, "Indicate a resource that might provide additional information about the subject resource."@en . emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Interpretant"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_7fb7fe7e_bdf9_4eeb_adad_e384dd5285c6 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_27e8e2dd_78a5_433a_b522_a1f61a08aab4 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_c792cf6b_097b_4a9a_9fc8_cb693cd5fdf3 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_da27d905_beb6_44ea_a330_a2dd9c17b263 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ], emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 ; skos:example """A film is the interpretant for a camera, which is the interpreter. The object captured by the camera is the referent. The film is the internal representation of the object, i.e. how the camera understand the object according to its capacity. The film (interpretant) refers to the object (referent) according to the camera (interpreter). When the film is removed from the camera, developed and printed on photographic paper (or for digital camera the image is downloaded as jpeg and displayed on a laptop) then we create a sign other than the interpretant. However, in case of analogic film we can always look at the negatve that will suggest the intended referent. This is because both sign and interpretant are related to the referent in a similar way. (What we call sign and interpretant in EMMO are both intended as "signs" in Peirce semiotics, the first being external signal for the interpreter and the second the internal sign)"""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Interpretant"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The interpreter's internal representation of the object in a semiosis process."@en . emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasRedundantPart"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9c2a9899_df4a_4dc7_a28a_ab4dc498db71 ; skos:example "A volume of water has redundand parts other volumes of water. All this volumes have holistic parts some water molecules."@en ; skos:prefLabel "hasRedundantPart"@en ; emmo:definition "RP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ(φ(x) ∧ φ(y))"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The superproperty of the all object property relations between a whole and its mereological parts of the same type."@en ; emmo:note "A part is always distinct xor redundant."@en . emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Referent"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_0ed18c6b_8289_44fd_a7d7_c15a8786cdc0 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_c01bea11_1937_4cc0_b40d_4b192fdba311 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_8fb6d667_f2af_482d_97a9_ec97cd81274d ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ], emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 ; skos:altLabel "Object"@en, "SemioticObject"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Referent"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The object, in Peirce semiotics, as participant to a semiotic process."@en ; emmo:note """Here is assumed that the concept of 'object' is always relative to a 'semiotic' process. An 'object' does not exists per se, but it's always part of an interpretation. The EMMO relies on strong reductionism, i.e. everything real is a formless collection of elementary particles: we give a meaning to real world entities only by giving them boundaries and defining them using 'sign'-s. In this way the 'sign'-ed entity becomes an 'object', and the 'object' is the basic entity needed in order to apply a logical formalism to the real world entities (i.e. we can speak of it through its sign, and use logics on it through its sign)."""@en . emmo:EMMO_9a50a0ae_841a_46fe_8b23_3df319b60611 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasNonTemporalPart"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_55354438_7000_4284_b1b9_59d60c2261b9 ; skos:prefLabel "hasNonTemporalPart"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The part is connected with the rest item or members with a combination of hasNext (or its inverse) or hasContact relations."@en . emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "indirectlyCauses"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; skos:altLabel "influences"@en, "isIndirectCauseOf"@en ; skos:prefLabel "indirectlyCauses"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation "An indirect cause is a relation between two entities that is mediated by a intermediate entity. In other words, there are no quantum parts of the causing entity that are direct cause of quantum parts of the caused entity."@en ; emmo:elucidation "A causal relation between the effected and the causing entities with intermediaries."@en . emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "providesInterpretation"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ; skos:prefLabel "providesInterpretation"@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation that connects the interpreter to the semiotic object in a semiotic process."@en . emmo:definition a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:label "definition"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ; skos:prefLabel "definition"@en ; emmo:elucidation "Precise and univocal description of an ontological entity in the framework of an axiomatic system."@en ; emmo:note "A definition univocally determines a OWL entity using necessary and sufficient conditions referring to other OWL entities."@en . emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Interpreter"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_cd9a3a58_dabc_4c46_9ea4_03ca000b2022 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_da27d905_beb6_44ea_a330_a2dd9c17b263 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ], emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 ; skos:example """For example, the ontologist may be interest in cataloguing in the EMMO how the same object (e.g. a cat) is addressed using different signs (e.g. cat, gatto, chat) by different interpreters (e.g. english, italian or french people). The same applies for the results of measurements: the ontologist may be interest to represent in the EMMO how different measurement processes (i.e. semiosis) lead to different quantitative results (i.e. signs) according to different measurement devices (i.e. interpreters)."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Interpreter"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo. Cogniser or Declarer or Deducer"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The entity (or agent, or observer, or cognitive entity) who connects 'Sign', 'Interpretant' and 'Object'."@en ; emmo:note """The interpreter is not the ontologist, being the ontologist acting outside the ontology at the meta-ontology level. On the contrary, the interpreter is an agent recognized by the ontologist. The semiotic branch of the EMMO is the tool used by the ontologist to represent an interpreter's semiotic activity."""@en . emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Sign"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b8d05d29_9eea_47db_a20b_0b83ceb6de93 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_82a96de2_41aa_4bf7_b7ac_de1373d50160 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ], emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 ; skos:example """A novel is made of chapters, paragraphs, sentences, words and characters (in a direct parthood mereological hierarchy). Each of them are 'sign'-s. A character can be the a-tomistic 'sign' for the class of texts. The horizontal segment in the character "A" is direct part of "A" but it is not a 'sign' itself. For plain text we can propose the ASCII symbols, for math the fundamental math symbols."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Sign"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Index or Conventional or Icon"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A CausalStructure that is used as sign (\"semeion\" in greek) that stands for another CausalStructure through an semiotic process."@en ; emmo:note """A 'Sign' can have temporal-direct-parts which are 'Sign' themselves. A 'Sign' usually havs 'sign' spatial direct parts only up to a certain elementary semiotic level, in which the part is only a 'Physical' and no more a 'Sign' (i.e. it stands for nothing). This elementary semiotic level is peculiar to each particular system of signs (e.g. text, painting). Just like an 'Elementary' in the 'Physical' branch, each 'Sign' branch should have an a-tomistic mereological part."""@en, """According to Peirce, 'Sign' includes three subcategories: - symbols: that stand for an object through convention - indeces: that stand for an object due to causal continguity - icons: that stand for an object due to similitudes e.g. in shape or composition"""@en . emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 a owl:ObjectProperty, owl:SymmetricProperty ; rdfs:label "overlaps"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_3f2e4ac2_8ef3_4a14_b826_60d37f15f8ee ; skos:prefLabel "overlaps"@en ; emmo:definition "Oxy ≡ ∃z(Pzx ∧ Pzy)"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between two individuals representing entities that share at least one of their parts."@en . skos:altLabel a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:label . emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Semiosis"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_7fb7fe7e_bdf9_4eeb_adad_e384dd5285c6 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ], emmo:EMMO_8bb6b688_812a_4cb9_b76c_d5a058928719 ; skos:example """Me looking a cat and saying loud: "Cat!" -> the semiosis process me -> interpreter cat -> object (in Peirce semiotics) the cat perceived by my mind -> interpretant "Cat!" -> sign, the produced sign"""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Semiosis"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: Deduction or Declaration or Cognition"^^xsd:string, "EquivalentTo: FullSemiosis or PartialSemiosis"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The class for entities where an interpreter, interpretant, reference and sign relate with each others semiotically."@en ; emmo:note """Semiosis is intended here as a 4D entity, meaning that is not necessarily intended as a process. This enables users to represent more general state of things without necessarily committing to a process/object classification (which in a 4D framework is subjective, and not ontological) through the persistence perspective (in fact semiotics module is independent from persistence module). For example, in a deduction (semiosis) the yellow tinted skin (index) of a patient is a symptom for liver desease (referent) according to a doctor (interpreter). If the user wants to include a commit towards persistency then the deduction can be either: - an obejct: the deduction is a system (object) and the doctor, skin and patient are object components - a process: where the deduction is a process and the doctor, skin and patient are participants Since in the EMMO the object/process categorisation is relation-driven and object/process are not disjointed, the abovementioned deduction can be seen both as a process or object depending on the relation used by the user to navigate the graph."""@en . emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "SymbolicData"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/#built-in-datatypes"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/"^^xsd:anyURI, "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Datatype_Maps"^^xsd:string, "https://www.w3schools.com/xml/schema_dtypes_numeric.asp"^^xsd:string ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ; skos:altLabel "LiteralData"^^xsd:string ; skos:prefLabel "SymbolicData"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "DisjointUnionOf: ArrayData, ScalarData"^^xsd:string ; emmo:conceptualisation "A symbolic data is a data that is rooted on some specified symbolic based encoding, such as floating point numbers, strings, integer. When a symbolic data is used for expressing numerical data (e.g., integer), it is not to be intended as a mathematical entity (even if it may be interpreted as such) but as a syntactic structure (datastructures or datatypes) based on concatenated tokens (or symbols, letters) that can deliver data."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class for entities which stands for a specific data format expressed using a symbolic encoding."@en . emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "CausalStructure"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_53ed8611_2cd7_4286_9ef0_36572117b963, emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; skos:prefLabel "CausalStructure"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: CausalPath or CausalSystem"^^xsd:string ; emmo:conceptualisation """The most fundamental unity criterion for the definition of an structure is that: - is made of at least two quantums (a structure is not a simple entity) - all quantum parts form a causally connected graph"""^^xsd:string ; emmo:definition "The disjoint union of Causal Path and CausalSystem classes."^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The class of individuals representing causally self-connected world entities."^^xsd:string ; emmo:note "A causal structure expresses itself in time and space thanks to the underlying causality relations between its constituent quantum entities. It must at least provide two temporal parts. The unity criterion beyond the definition of a causal structure (the most general concept of structure) is the existence of an undirected causal path between each of its parts."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Icon"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc ] ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_7cdc375d_d371_4d78_acd5_d51732f52126 ], emmo:EMMO_4a2bf359_c47b_4aa3_9811_b59c3e1dac1e ; skos:altLabel "Model"@en, "Simulacrum"@en ; skos:example "A picture that reproduces the aspect of a person."@en, "An equation that reproduces the logical connection of the properties of a physical entity."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Icon"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: AnalogicalIcon or ResemblanceIcon or FunctionalIcon"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "A sign that stands for an object by resembling or imitating it, in shape, function or by sharing a similar logical structure."@en ; emmo:note """If object and sign belongs to the same class, then the sign is fuctional, diagrammatic and resemblance. For example, when a Boeing 747 is used as a sign for another Boeing 747."""@en, """In Peirce semiotics three subtypes of icon are possible: (a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture) (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart) (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else [Wikipedia]"""@en . emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "CausalSystem"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_76bd5e44_bf5a_49f9_a517_eea5e8bcbc2d, emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; skos:example "A electron binded by a nucleus."@en ; skos:prefLabel "CausalSystem"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """A causal system provides the most general concept of system, being a union of causal structures interacting together. In its most simple form, a causal system is an interlacement of causal paths (the most simple structure type). A causal system is always a spatial-like structure, and is represented as a multiple topologically orderable direct acyclic graph, with quanta as nodes and causality relations as edges."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of individuals representing a causal system."@en . emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasPart"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ; owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_a8bd7094_6b40_47af_b1f4_a69d81a3afbd ; owl:propertyDisjointWith emmo:EMMO_e4f66254_7312_4de5_a86a_6e0808baaaab ; skos:prefLabel "hasPart"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The primitive relation that express the concept of an entity being part of another one."@en ; emmo:note "All other mereology relations can be defined in FOL using hasPart as primitive."@en . emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "semiotical"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ec2472ae_cf4a_46a5_8555_1556f5a6c3c5 ; skos:prefLabel "semiotical"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The generic EMMO semiotical relation."@en . emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "EMMO"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf _:72, _:73 ; skos:prefLabel "EMMO"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "DisjointUnion: CausalPath, Collection, Quantum, CausalSystem"^^xsd:string ; emmo:conceptualisation """The EMMO conceptualises the world using the primitive concepts of causality and parthood. Parthood is about the composition of world entities starting from other more fundamental entities. Causality is about the interactions between world entities. The quantum is the smallest indivisible part of any world entity. Quantum individuals are the fundamental causal constituents of the universe, since it is implied that causality originates from quantum-to-quantum interactions. Quantums are no-dimensional, and their aggregation makes spacetime emerge from their causal structure. We can think of a quantum as an elementary particle after and interaction and before another interaction. Causality between macro entities (i.e. entities made of more than one quantum) is explained as the sum of the causality relations between their quantum constituents. Fundamental interactions (quantum fields) are represented as symmetric causality relation between macro entities, while classical interactions are mediated by chain of quantums (i.e. elementary particles). The fundamental distinction between world entities is causality self-connectedness: a world entity can be self-connected xor not self-connected depending on the causality network of its fundamental components. Void regions do not exist in the EMMO. In other words there is no spacetime without entities and spacetime emerges as relational property not as a self-standing entity). Entities are not placed in space or time: space and time are measured quantities, always relative between entities and are measured. In other words, space and time relations originates from causality interactions."""@en ; emmo:definition "The disjoint union of the fundamental mereocausal classes of Quantum, CausalPath, CausalSystem and Collection."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of all the OWL individuals representing world entities according to EMMO conceptualisation."@en ; emmo:note """EMMO entities dimensionality is related to their mereocausal structures. From the no-dimensional quantum entity, we introduce time dimension with the elementary concept, and space with the causal system concept. The EMMO conceptualisation does not allow the existence of space without a temporal dimension, the latter coming from a causal relation between entities. For this reason, the EMMO entities that are not quantum or elementaries, may be considered to be always 4D spatiotemporal entities. Moreover, the combination of mereology and causality used in the EMMO theory (mereocausality) represents entities as direct acyclic graphs with dimension of 4 (i.e., the mereocasual graph can be represented in a 4D euclidian space with edges having unit length). For this reasons, the EMMO can be considered a 4D ontology."""@en . emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "isCauseOf"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c ; skos:altLabel "causes"@en ; skos:example "John yesterday is the cause of John today, is an example of temporal-like causality. The desk supporting my laptop is a space-like causality."^^xsd:string ; skos:prefLabel "isCauseOf"@en ; emmo:conceptualisation """We say that an entity causes another if there is a quantum part of the first that is in causal relation with a quantum parts of the second. More formally, causality is defined as a relation between individuals x and y that holds if and only if: a) x having a part that is causing an effect on a part of y b) x and y are non-overlapping An entity cannot cause itself or a part of itself. For this reasons causality between entities excludes reflexivity and prevents them to overlap. The existence of one-directional of bi-directional causality relations between two entities is what reconstruct time-like and space-like relations, respectively."""@en ; emmo:elucidation "A relation between an entity that causally affects another."@en ; emmo:note "Each pair of causally connected entities is either in isDirectCauseOf or isIndirectCauseOf relation. The two are mutually exclusive."@en, """The OWL 2 DL version of the EMMO introduces this object property as primitive causal relation. It refers to the macro causality relation mC(x,y), defined in the EMMO FOL version. While the EMMO FOL introduces the quantum causality relation C(x,y) as primitive, the OWL 2 DL version of the EMMO substantially simplifies the theory, neglecting these lower level relations that are well above DL expressivity. For this reason the EMMO OWL 2 DL will only deal with macro causality relations, sacrificing the full FOL theory expressivity for the sake of simplicity."""@en, "The cause relation applies to both quantums and macro-entities (entities made of more than one quantum). It is admissible for two entities to be one the cause of the other, excepts when they are both quantums."@en . emmo:EMMO_54ee6b5e_5261_44a8_86eb_5717e7fdb9d0 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Mathematical"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d8d2144e_5c8d_455d_a643_5caf4d8d9df8 ; skos:prefLabel "Mathematical"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of general mathematical symbolic objects respecting mathematical syntactic rules."@en ; emmo:note "A mathematical object in this branch is not representing a concept but an actual graphical object built using mathematcal symbols arranged in some way, according to math conventions."@en . dm:Instance a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Instance"@en ; rdfs:comment """An instance of a metadata. Instances are uniquely identified by their UUID, but may also have an more human readable identity. Instances holds the values of the dimensions and the properties described by their metadata."""@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty dm:hasPropertyValue ; owl:someValuesFrom dm:PropertyValue ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty dm:hasDimensionValue ; owl:someValuesFrom dm:DimensionValue ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:anyURI ; owl:onProperty dm:hasMeta ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onDataRange xsd:string ; owl:onProperty dm:hasUUID ; owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ], emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2, dm:DataModel ; owl:disjointUnionOf ( dm:DataInstance dm:Metadata ) ; skos:altLabel "DataObject"@en ; skos:prefLabel "Instance"@en ; dm:instanceOf dm:Metadata . emmo:EMMO_9e3ad976_b179_4315_b51e_7e874df583dc a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasSign"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f275e4e9_062b_4ca4_a679_4f26ec0a48ae ; skos:prefLabel "hasSign"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a semiotic process and the sign standing for the referent."@en . emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 a owl:AsymmetricProperty, owl:IrreflexiveProperty, owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasProperPart"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f, emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420 ; skos:prefLabel "hasProperPart"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between an entity and one of its parts, when both entities are distinct."@en ; emmo:note """The proper part relation has the following pair-covering sub-relations: - hasMembers xor hasPiece - hasPortionPart xor hasGatheredPart . hasItemPart xor hasScatteredPart"""@en . emmo:EMMO_cb804456_9459_4be5_ac63_a291a872fbd0 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "hasInterpreter"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ; rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f275e4e9_062b_4ca4_a679_4f26ec0a48ae ; skos:prefLabel "hasInterpreter"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The relation between a semiotic process and the interpreter that is responsible for the sign-referent correspondance."@en . dm:DataModel a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "DataModel"@en ; rdfs:comment "A superclass for all classes in the data model ontology."@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d8d2144e_5c8d_455d_a643_5caf4d8d9df8 ; skos:prefLabel "DataModel"@en . a swrl:Variable . emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Item"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ; skos:altLabel "CausalObject"@en ; skos:example "A person life, an interval of a person life. The lifetime of two components, from the production in separate manufacturing lines, their being connected components in a device, including their eparation and decommissioning."@en ; skos:prefLabel "Item"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "EquivalentTo: CausalParticle or CausalStructure"^^xsd:string ; emmo:conceptualisation """A world entity is direct causally self-connected if any two parts that make up the whole are direct causally connected to each other. In the EMMO, topological connectivity is based on causality. All physical objects, i.e. entities whose behaviour is explained by physics laws, are represented only by items. In other words, a physical object part is embedded in a direct causal graph that provides always a path between two of its parts. Members of a collection lack such direct causality connection, i.e. they do not constitute a physical object. Following graph theory concepts, the quantums of an item are all connected together within a network of causal relations, forming a connected causal graph. A collection is then a set of disconnected graphs."""@en ; emmo:definition "The disjoint union of Particle and CausalStructure classes."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The class of individuals standing for quantum or causally self-connected world entities."@en ; emmo:note "The concept of self-connectivity is applied using a 4D approach. Given that, the entity made of an electron and a proton that travel, interact, and then depart from each other is an item, since we don't focus only on the beginning or the end stage but to the overall 4D entity, being the interaction the connectivity bridge between the two particles."^^xsd:string . emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Process"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e04884d9_eda6_487e_93d5_7722d7eda96b ; skos:altLabel "Occurrent"@en, "Perdurant"@en ; skos:example """Practically speaking, the Process class can be populated by primitive subclasses (e.g. Cooking) for each of which holds the axiom that not all the item temporal parts are of the same type of the whole (e.g. breaking an egg, which is not necessarily a cooking process) and there are at least two temporal item parts of different types (e.g. breaking and egg and turning on the stove). The intended usage is not for an individual to belong directly to Process, but to belong to a specific subclass of Process that identifies entities with a specific non-type-persistent structure."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Process"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "Equivalent To: Behaviour or ConstitutiveProcess or Stage or SubProcess"^^xsd:string ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have some temporal item parts that are not of the same type of the whole."@en ; emmo:note "A process can be defined only according to an entity type. The minimum process is an entity made of two entities of different types that are temporally related."@en, """Following the common definition of process, the reader may think that every entity in the EMMO should be a process, since every 4D entity0 always has a time dimension. However, in the EMMO we restrict the concept of process to items whose temporal parts show a change in type (i.e. every 4D object unfolds in time, but not every 4D time unfolding may be of interest for the ontologist and categorized as a process). The definition of every specific process subclass requires a reference type, that is expressed by some but not all temporal parts."""@en . emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c a owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:label "dataValue"@en ; rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_70bbb94e_2ca7_4d73_ba01_6397f134d172 ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topDataProperty ; skos:altLabel "hasDataValue"@en ; skos:prefLabel "dataValue"@en ; emmo:elucidation "The owl:dataProperty that provides a serialisation of an EMMO data entity."^^xsd:string ; emmo:note "This is the superproperty of all data properties used to serialise a fundamental data type in the EMMO Data perspective. An entity can have only one data value expressing its serialisation (e.g. a Real entity cannot have two different real values)."^^xsd:string . a swrl:Variable . emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "Object"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e04884d9_eda6_487e_93d5_7722d7eda96b ; skos:altLabel "Continuant"@en, "Endurant"@en ; skos:example "If ϕ is the class of human beings, then the 4D entity representing a lifetime from birth to death in senile age is an object. if ϕ is the class of underages, the 4D entity representing the same lifetime is a process, since the underage covers only a part of the lifetime."@en, """Practically speaking, the Object class can be populated by primitive subclasses (e.g. Car) for each of which holds the axiom that all the item parts are of the same type of the whole (e.g. Car SubClassOf hasTemporalItemPart only Car). The intended usage is not for an individual to belong directly to Object, but to belong to a specific subclass of Object that identifies entities with a type-persistent structure."""@en ; skos:prefLabel "Object"@en ; emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms "Equivalent To: Constituent or Participant or Status or SubObject"^^xsd:string ; emmo:conceptualisation "An item can be classified as an object according to a type ϕ (a ϕ-object) if it's a ϕ all its temporal item parts are also of type ϕ. This conceptualisation tries to catch the persistency of type in the temporal parts of an entity."@en ; emmo:elucidation "The superclass for causal structure classes whose individuals have all temporal item parts of the same type of the whole."@en ; emmo:note """Indefinitely temporally slicing of an entity leads to temporal parts whose temporal extension is so small that the connectivity relations that define the entity as an item will no longer hold. More generally. a temporal part is no more of type ϕ when the temporal interval is lower than the interval that characterizes the causality interactions between the object parts. In other terms, if the time span of a temporal part is lower than the inverse of the frequency of interactions between the constituents, then the constituents in such temporal part are not connected. The object is no more an object, neither an item, but simply a collection of fundamental quantum parts. For this reason, the definition of object is done by considering only item temporal parts, meaning that slicing in time has the lower limit of a self-connected (i.e. item) entity."""@en . skos:prefLabel a owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:label . a swrl:Variable . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_a8bd7094_6b40_47af_b1f4_a69d81a3afbd ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:definition ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Oxy ≡ ∃z(Pzx ∧ Pzy)"^^xsd:string . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; emmo:note "Transitivity for proper parthood."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:definition ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_08cb807c_e626_447b_863f_e2835540e918 ; owl:annotatedTarget "u ≡ σx⟨P(x, x)⟩"^^xsd:string ; emmo:note "This definition reads: \"The universe is the sum of all entities that are part of themselves\". Since parthood (P) is reflexive by axiom, then the universe is the sum of all mereological entities."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591 ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:note ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_1328d112_e731_4e56_b9b9_6b6cdd495cd6 ; owl:annotatedTarget "A part is always distinct xor redundant."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 ; owl:annotatedTarget "CausalChain"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Old French chaine, chaene (“chain”), from Latin catēna (“chain”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; owl:annotatedTarget "Item"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin item, \"likewise, just so, moreover\"."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; owl:annotatedTarget "isCauseOf"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:definition ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591 ; owl:annotatedTarget "RP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ(φ(x) ∧ φ(y))"^^xsd:string ; emmo:note "We usa a predicate template notation as RP<φ>(x,y) to specify subclasses of RP(x,y) for the class φ, meaning that RP<φ>(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ φ(x) ∧ φ(y)"@en, "φ is a class of the theory that in the EMMO OWL is supposed to be subclass of CausalStructure."@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_6835537c_d294_4005_a770_ec9621f29ed1 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:SameIndividualAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; emmo:note "The equalsTo object property is equivalent to the OWL SameAs"@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:ClassAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:classPredicate emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; emmo:note "Enforcing reflexivity of overlapping."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ; owl:annotatedTarget _:72 ; emmo:note "Every entity is made of quantum parts. This axiomatisation is the expression of the radical reductionistic approach of the EMMO."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68, "doi:10.3233/FAIA231120"^^xsd:string ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:conceptualisation ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c ; owl:annotatedTarget """Causality is the fundamental concept describing how entities affect each other, and conceptually precedes time and space relations. In the EMMO causality is the foundation for space and time relations. Embracing a strong reductionistic view, causality originates at quantum entities level, meaning that causal relations between macroscopic entities is simply the sum of quantum level causality relations."""@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:ClassAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:classPredicate emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; emmo:note "Enforcing parthood reflexivity."@en . [] a owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ) . [] a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:comment "Implementig transitivity."@en ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_3733bd38_ca2b_4264_a92a_3075a1715598 ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_3733bd38_ca2b_4264_a92a_3075a1715598 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_3733bd38_ca2b_4264_a92a_3075a1715598 ] ; rdf:rest () ] . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; owl:annotatedTarget "CausalObject"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), and Medieval Latin obiectum (“object”, literally “thrown against”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 ; owl:annotatedTarget _:88 ; emmo:note "Every collection has at least two item members, since a collection of one item is a self-connected entity (and then an item)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_53ed8611_2cd7_4286_9ef0_36572117b963 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Fusion"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin fusio, from fundere ‘pour, melt’."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Collection"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin collectio, from colligere ‘gather together’."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ; owl:annotatedTarget _:73 ; emmo:note "All EMMO individuals are part of the most comprehensive entity which is the universe."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ; owl:annotatedTarget "CausalSystem"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), and Ancient Greek σύστημα (sústēma, “musical scale; organized body; whole made of several parts or members”), from σῠν- (sun-, prefix meaning ‘with, together’) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Elementary"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin elementārius (“elementary”), from elementum (“one of the four elements of antiquity; fundamentals”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty rdfs:subClassOf ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 ; owl:annotatedTarget _:164 ; emmo:elucidation "This axiom underlines the monodimensional nature of a causal chain, as a sequence of quanta."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_1328d112_e731_4e56_b9b9_6b6cdd495cd6 ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:note ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591 ; owl:annotatedTarget "A part is always distinct xor redundant."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ; owl:annotatedTarget "EMMO"@en ; emmo:etymology "EMMO is the acronym of Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Quantum"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin quantum (plural quanta) \"as much as, so much as\"."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_76bd5e44_bf5a_49f9_a517_eea5e8bcbc2d ; owl:annotatedTarget "CausalCluster"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Proto-Germanic *klas-, *klus- (“to clump, lump together”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_559ab98c_1c7d_4794_996c_8c1d8d56381c ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:definition ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Q(x) ≡ ¬∃y(PP(y,x))"@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:conceptualisation ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ; owl:annotatedTarget """The EMMO conceptualises the world using the primitive concepts of causality and parthood. Parthood is about the composition of world entities starting from other more fundamental entities. Causality is about the interactions between world entities. The quantum is the smallest indivisible part of any world entity. Quantum individuals are the fundamental causal constituents of the universe, since it is implied that causality originates from quantum-to-quantum interactions. Quantums are no-dimensional, and their aggregation makes spacetime emerge from their causal structure. We can think of a quantum as an elementary particle after and interaction and before another interaction. Causality between macro entities (i.e. entities made of more than one quantum) is explained as the sum of the causality relations between their quantum constituents. Fundamental interactions (quantum fields) are represented as symmetric causality relation between macro entities, while classical interactions are mediated by chain of quantums (i.e. elementary particles). The fundamental distinction between world entities is causality self-connectedness: a world entity can be self-connected xor not self-connected depending on the causality network of its fundamental components. Void regions do not exist in the EMMO. In other words there is no spacetime without entities and spacetime emerges as relational property not as a self-standing entity). Entities are not placed in space or time: space and time are measured quantities, always relative between entities and are measured. In other words, space and time relations originates from causality interactions."""@en ; emmo:note "While EMMO mereocausality conceptualisation can be used on any possibile domain, so that a quantum can be a Lego brick or an furniture component, it can be better understood when a quantum is elucidated as an elementary particle after and interaction and before another interaction. (e.g. quark, photon)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_3733bd38_ca2b_4264_a92a_3075a1715598 ; owl:annotatedTarget "hasSuccessor"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin succedĕre (\"coming after\")."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty rdf:type ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_08cb807c_e626_447b_863f_e2835540e918 ; owl:annotatedTarget emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ; emmo:conceptualisation """This axiom reflects the fact the the universe is causally self-connected. In fact, a non causally connected universe would have been the sum of causally independend sub-universes, without any knowledge of others. This axiom may be seen as Ockam's razor applied to causality."""@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:comment "Implementing transitivity."@en ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6 ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6 ] ; rdf:rest () ] . [] a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:comment "Implementing Transitivity."@en ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_d01b3ee2_91a5_4ce2_95cd_f0d2c333c6d3 ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_d01b3ee2_91a5_4ce2_95cd_f0d2c333c6d3 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_d01b3ee2_91a5_4ce2_95cd_f0d2c333c6d3 ] ; rdf:rest () ] . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-profiles-20121211/"^^xsd:anyURI ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_8a137e9f_579c_4e28_baca_e8980eb0c3db ; owl:annotatedTarget "Axioms to add to the OWL 2 RL version of the ontology to reach DL expressivity."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Global_Restrictions_on_Axioms_in_OWL_2_DL"^^xsd:anyURI ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_c6e77b51_681b_4d04_b20d_a08f2b977470 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary"@en ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Global_Restrictions_on_Axioms_in_OWL_2_DL"^^xsd:anyURI ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:elucidation ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:OWL2DLRestrictedAxiom ; owl:annotatedTarget "Axiom not included in the theory because of OWL 2 DL global restrictions for decidability."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-profiles-20121211/"^^xsd:anyURI ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:elucidation ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:OWLRL2DLAxioms ; owl:annotatedTarget "Axioms to add to the OWL 2 RL version of the ontology to reach DL expressivity."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary"@en ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:note ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:etymology ; owl:annotatedTarget "Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary."@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ] ; rdf:rest () ] . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Simulacrum"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin simulacrum (\"likeness, semblance\")"@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ] ; rdf:rest () ] . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec ; owl:annotatedTarget "Cogniser"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin cognitio (“knowledge, perception, a judicial examination, trial”), from cognitus, past participle of cognoscere (“to know”), from co- (“together”) + *gnoscere, older form of noscere (“to know”"@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_3b19eab4_79be_4b02_bdaf_ecf1f0067a68 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Observation"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin observare (“to watch, note, mark, heed, guard, keep, pay attention to, regard, comply with, etc.”), from ob (“before”) + servare (“to keep”),"@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_8c537c06_8e1d_4a3b_a251_1c89bb2c4790 ; owl:annotatedTarget "ResemblanceIcon"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Old French sambler, sembler, from Late Latin similāre, present active infinitive of similō, from Latin similis, from Proto-Italic *semalis, from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together, one”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Model"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin modus (“measure”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ; owl:annotatedTarget "Property"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin proprietas (“a peculiarity, one's peculiar nature or quality, right or fact of possession, property”), from proprius (“special, particular, one's own”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_1c0b22a2_be82_4fa8_9e2b_a569a625d442 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Estimation"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin aestimatus (“to value, rate, esteem”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Icon"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Ancient Greek εἰκών (eikṓn, “likeness, image, portrait”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c ; owl:annotatedTarget "Index"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin index (“a discoverer, informer, spy; of things, an indicator, the forefinger, a title, superscription”), from indicō (“point out, show”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotic_theory_of_Charles_Sanders_Peirce#II._Icon,_index,_symbol"^^xsd:anyURI ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:note ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ; owl:annotatedTarget """In Peirce semiotics three subtypes of icon are possible: (a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture) (b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart) (c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else [Wikipedia]"""@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_4f2d1fcc_e20c_4479_9ad7_7a0480dd3e44 ; owl:annotatedTarget "AnalogicalIcon"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Ancient Greek ἀναλογία (analogía), from ἀνά (aná) + λόγος (lógos, “speech, reckoning”)."@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ] ; rdf:rest () ] . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_c7013b53_3071_410b_a5e4_a8d266dcdfb5 ; owl:annotatedTarget "FunctionalIcon"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin functiō (“performance, execution”), from functus, perfect participle of fungor (“to perform, execute, discharge”)."@en . [] emmo:note """The rule for the subproperty chain: inverse (hasSign) o inverse (hasReferent) ⇒ hasInterpreter"""@en . [] emmo:note """The rule for the subproperty chain: inverse (hasInterpreter) o inverse (hasSign) ⇒ hasReferent"""@en . [] emmo:note """The rule for the subproperty chain: inverse (hasReferent) o inverse (hasInterpreter) ⇒ hasSign"""@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_3e7add3d_e6ed_489a_a796_8e31fef9b490 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Data"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin data, nominative plural of datum (“that is given”), neuter past participle of dō (“I give”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_1e877c70_3b01_45a8_a8f6_8ce4f6a24660 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Dedomena"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Greek, nominative plural form of δεδομένο (dedoméno) (data, information)"@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:note ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_3e7add3d_e6ed_489a_a796_8e31fef9b490 ; owl:annotatedTarget """We call "decoding" the act of recognise the variation according to a particular rule and generate another equivalent schema (e.g. in the agent's cognitive apparatus, as another form of data). We call "interpreting" the act of providing semantic meaning to data, which is covered by the semiotic perspective."""@en ; skos:example "The electronical state of the RAM of my laptop is decoded by it as ASCII characters and printed on the screen."@en . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_dc6e40f6_5b6c_473b_a715_d36622ada5ad ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:unsignedShort . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_18d180e4_5e3e_42f7_820c_e08951223486 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom owl:real . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Symbolic"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Ancient Greek σύμβολον (súmbolon, “a sign by which one infers something; a mark, token, badge, ticket, tally, check, a signal, watchword, outward sign”), from συμβάλλω (sumbállō, “I throw together, dash together, compare, correspond, tally, come to a conclusion”), from σύν (sún, “with, together”) + βάλλω (bállō, “I throw, put”)."^^xsd:string . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_220218b0_bbe2_489e_a68a_232e3610718e ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:base64Binary . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f1ee5c02_5cc0_45ba_a09a_2e6319f75fc8 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:unsignedLong . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_f8bd64d5_5d3e_4ad4_a46e_c30714fecb7f ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:integer . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1f96db65_51df_4e8d_afd2_9c6b8bd40058 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:hexBinary . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3c87fd89_b0f0_477a_86b6_d949c2b982ee ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:byte . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_58f76a09_205c_44f2_b237_88de54e8e001 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:positiveInteger . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_5f334606_f67d_4f0e_acb9_eeb21cb10c66 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:string . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d43546df_7fd7_44d5_9d7c_0f2bf56cefe3 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:decimal . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_42eee73b_e4d2_4a0f_b468_3d2ce0475af6 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:nonNegativeInteger . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_443198a5_934c_44fa_b89e_28eca13b25b2 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:short . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_cf0f8f57_8a9e_410c_8fe4_a436673fa3d3 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:nonPositiveInteger . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3a53b946_4dfd_4a38_bb5b_aa78d7b0db9c ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:unsignedInt . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_ac9e518d_b403_4d8b_97e2_06f9d40bac01 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:float . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_10bbe9e9_46b6_4b5d_8b51_ed759fc21f21 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:dateTimeStamp . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_52fa9c76_fc42_4eca_a5c1_6095a1c9caab ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:double . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0e03a375_8af8_46db_88ae_a45fe2d2940f ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:dateTime . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_648c17b7_a012_4060_a096_c76bd407804b ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:negativeInteger . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_aa972cc9_5d9e_47a2_abc5_00243d6b3917 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:int . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_51f93d8c_57fa_4314_a68d_8d69c2609c97 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:long . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_54dc83cb_06e1_4739_9e45_bc09cead7f48 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:boolean . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d8d2144e_5c8d_455d_a643_5caf4d8d9df8 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Language"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”), from Old Latin dingua (“tongue”)."@en . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e99aec47_9ae6_4a1d_bddd_b87bb456c52a ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom xsd:unsignedByte . [] a owl:Restriction ; rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_69ebb235_9c5e_443d_9a3b_7042b1005f1f ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b6292331_94af_4f00_976b_ea55960c2f1c ; owl:someValuesFrom owl:rational . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:isDefinedBy "https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:55000:ed-1:v2:en:term:3.1.13"^^xsd:anyURI ; owl:annotatedProperty rdfs:seeAlso ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_c0f72631_d7c2_434c_9c26_5c44123df682 ; owl:annotatedTarget """ISO 55000:2014 organization: person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships to achieve its objectives"""@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Wholistic"@en ; emmo:etymology "From the word 'holistic' with the 'w-' prefix, due to the affinity with the existing word 'whole', that share the same meaning of 'holos'."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Role"@en ; emmo:etymology "From French rôle, from obsolete French roule ‘roll’, referring originally to the roll of paper on which the actor's part was written."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Holistic"@en ; emmo:etymology "Holism (from Greek ὅλος holos \"all, whole, entire\")."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Whole"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Middle English hole (“healthy, unhurt, whole”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Part"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin partire, partiri ‘divide, share’."@en ; emmo:note "The term 'part' is here intended not only in mereological sense but also as role. For example. the term part is used to define the role played by an actor, specifying not only a mereological participation of the actor to an act, but also a specific role for that actor."@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_2bb50428_568d_46e8_b8bf_59a4c5656461 ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_36e69413_8c59_4799_946c_10b05d266e22 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_7821eeb8_5e44_452b_90e9_3db03bbef241 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; emmo:note "Implements ProcessedFrom."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:elucidation ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_1eed0732_e3f1_4b2c_a9c4_b4e75eeb5895 ; owl:annotatedTarget "A variable is a symbolic object that stands for any other mathematical object, such as number, a vector, a matrix, a function, the argument of a function, a set, an element of a set."@en ; emmo:wikipediaReference "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_(mathematics)"^^xsd:anyURI . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_36e69413_8c59_4799_946c_10b05d266e22 ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_2bb50428_568d_46e8_b8bf_59a4c5656461 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_573dd48c_50f4_460a_aaa1_ff1512cd2a35 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; emmo:note "Implements impactedBy."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591 ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:definition ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Redundant(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)]"@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Fundamental"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin fundamentum (“foundation”), from fundō (“to lay the foundation (of something), to found”), from fundus (“bottom”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591 ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:definition ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Fundamental(x) ≡ ∃φ[φ(x) ∧ ¬∃yRP⟨φ⟩(y, x)]"^^xsd:string . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:altLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Lifetime"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Middle English liftime, equivalent to life +‎ time."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_1eed0732_e3f1_4b2c_a9c4_b4e75eeb5895 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Variable"@en ; emmo:etymology "Fom Latin variabilis (\"changeable\")."@en . [] owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger . [] owl:qualifiedCardinality "3"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger . [] owl:qualifiedCardinality "4"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:conceptualisation ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_ee0466e4_780d_4236_8281_ace7ad3fc5d2 ; owl:annotatedTarget "A tessellation (or tiling) is the covering of a surface, often a plane, using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps."@en ; emmo:wikipediaReference "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessellation"^^xsd:anyURI . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ; owl:annotatedTarget "Perspective"@en ; emmo:etymology "From medieval Latin perspectiva ‘(science of) optics’, from perspect- ‘looked at closely’, from the verb perspicere, from per- ‘through’ + specere ‘to look’."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ; owl:annotatedTarget "CausalStructure"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin causa (“reason, sake, cause”), and from Latin struere (“arrange, assemble, build”)."@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; emmo:note "Transitivity for parthood."@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_aa987900_caf1_4ce2_82fa_6b1d6fbd2ead ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; emmo:note "Enforcing exclusivity between overlapping and causality."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 ; owl:annotatedTarget "CausalPath"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Ancient Greek πάτος (pátos, “path”)."@en . [] a swrl:Imp ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:ClassAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:classPredicate emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_01e5766d_dac3_4574_8a78_310de92a5c9d ] ; rdf:rest () ] ; emmo:note "Enforcing the fact that an entity cannot cause itself."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso "doi:10.3233/FAIA231120"^^xsd:string ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:note ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ; owl:annotatedTarget """The OWL 2 DL version of the EMMO introduces this object property as primitive causal relation. It refers to the macro causality relation mC(x,y), defined in the EMMO FOL version. While the EMMO FOL introduces the quantum causality relation C(x,y) as primitive, the OWL 2 DL version of the EMMO substantially simplifies the theory, neglecting these lower level relations that are well above DL expressivity. For this reason the EMMO OWL 2 DL will only deal with macro causality relations, sacrificing the full FOL theory expressivity for the sake of simplicity."""@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_3f2e4ac2_8ef3_4a14_b826_60d37f15f8ee ; owl:annotatedTarget "mereological"@en ; emmo:etymology """Coined by Stanisław Leśniewski in 1927, from Ancient Greek μέρος (méros, “part”) +‎ -logy (“study, discussion, science”). https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mereology"""@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty skos:prefLabel ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_52b8a39b_e5ff_46d3_b972_65bc43077a07 ; owl:annotatedTarget "CausalParticle"@en ; emmo:etymology "From Latin particula (“small part, particle”), diminutive of pars (“part, piece”)."@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:definition ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_1328d112_e731_4e56_b9b9_6b6cdd495cd6 ; owl:annotatedTarget "DP(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ ∃φ[φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y)]"^^xsd:string ; emmo:note "We usa a predicate template notation as DP<φ>(x,y) to specify subclasses of DP(x,y) for the class φ, meaning that DP<φ>(x, y) ≡ PP(x, y) ∧ (φ(x) ↔ ¬φ(y))"@en, "φ is a class of the theory"@en . [] a owl:Axiom ; rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ; owl:annotatedProperty emmo:definition ; owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_aa987900_caf1_4ce2_82fa_6b1d6fbd2ead ; owl:annotatedTarget "Dxy ≡ ¬Oxy."^^xsd:string . [] a swrl:Imp ; rdfs:comment "Implementation of equality based on mereology."^^rdfs:Literal ; swrl:body [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ] ; rdf:rest [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:IndividualPropertyAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ; swrl:propertyPredicate emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ] ; rdf:rest () ] ] ; swrl:head [ a swrl:AtomList ; rdf:first [ a swrl:SameIndividualAtom ; swrl:argument1 ; swrl:argument2 ] ; rdf:rest () ] . _:153 a owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 ) . _:181 owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f . _:164 a owl:Restriction ; owl:allValuesFrom _:153 ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 . _:72 a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ; owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 . _:73 a owl:Restriction ; owl:hasValue emmo:EMMO_08cb807c_e626_447b_863f_e2835540e918 ; owl:onProperty _:181 . _:88 a owl:Restriction ; owl:minQualifiedCardinality "2"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ; owl:onClass emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ; owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_6b7276a4_4b9d_440a_b577_0277539c0fc4 .