| Elucidation | part of the electrode polarization arising from a charge-transfer step of the electrode reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | ActivationPolarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-05 |
| Elucidation | electric current that accompanies the adsorption of a species |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/A00159 |
| Comment | I_{ads} |
| Elucidation | half the peak-to-peak amplitude of a sinusoidal alternating current |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00310 |
| Elucidation | half of the peak-to-peak amplitude of a periodic voltage perturbation within a single time period, with respect to a reference potential value |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00311 |
| Comment | For Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, the Peak Potential Amplitude is usually small, (normally 5 to 10 mV). |
| Elucidation | electrode polarization associated with an electrochemical oxidation reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | AnodicPolarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-06 |
| Elucidation | quotient of the capacity of a battery cell or battery by its plane area. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ArealCapacity |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-20 |
| Comment | Can also be applied to electrodes. |
| Elucidation | In electrochemical measurements, the voltage of an electrochemical cell to which a voltage signal is superimposed. |
| Elucidation | [an indicator of the] electric current at which a secondary cell or battery is charged |
| Alternative Label(s) | ChargeRate, ChargeRate, ChargeRate |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-45 |
| Comment | in practice, the term CRate is often used to mean DRate |
| Elucidation | thickness of the coating after a calendering process |
| Elucidation | density after calendering |
| Elucidation | electric charge which a cell or battery can deliver under specified conditions |
| Alternative Label(s) | ChargeCapacity, ElectricChargeCapacity, StorageCapacity |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-14 |
| Comment | the SI unit for electric charge is the coulomb (1 C = 1 A·s) but in practice, capacity is usually expressed in ampere hours (A·h) |
| Elucidation | faradaic current measured in a solution containing two electroactive substances, A and B, that exceeds the sum of the faradaic currents that would be obtained for A and B separately under the same experimental conditions |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C00889 |
| Comment | I_{cat} |
| Elucidation | electrode polarization associated with an electrochemical reduction reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | CathodicPolarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-07 |
| Comment | electric current flowing to or from an electrochemical cell. |
| Elucidation | sum of the absolute values of the potential differences resulting from anodic and cathodic polarizations of an electrochemical cell |
| Alternative Label(s) | CellPolarizationPotential |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-12 |
| Elucidation | voltage between the terminals of an electrochemical cell |
| Alternative Label(s) | AppliedPotential |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-10 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.A00424 |
| Comment | difference of electric potentials measured between identical metallic leads to two electrodes of an electrochemical cell |
| Elucidation | capacity delivered during a charge process |
| Elucidation | ratio of the electric charge discharged from a secondary battery to the electric charge provided during the preceding charge |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-39 |
| Elucidation | energy delivered by a deviced under some specific charge conditions |
| Elucidation | ability of a cell or battery to retain capacity on open circuit under specified conditions. |
| Alternative Label(s) | CapacityRetention |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-35 |
| Elucidation | the fraction of the electrostatic potential energy affecting the reduction rate in an electrode reaction, with the remaining fraction affecting the corresponding oxidation rate |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_transfer_coefficient |
| Comment | The cathodic transfer coefficient αc is defined as –(RT/nF)(dlnkc /dE), where kc is the electroreduction rate constant, E is the applied potential, and R, T, and F have their usual significance. This definition is equivalent to the other, -(RT/nF)(dln|jc |/dE), where jc is the cathodic current density corrected for any changes in the reactant concentration at the electrode surface with respect to its bulk value. |
| Elucidation | electric current applied to a battery during a charging process |
| Elucidation | thickness of the coating before any additional treatment is applied |
| Elucidation | limit on the amount concentration of a species in a phase, either imposed or naturally occurring |
| Elucidation | The concentration overpotential of an electrode reaction at a given electrode current density (c.d.) is basically the difference in equilibrium potentials across the diffusion layer. More precisely, it is the potential of a reference electrode (of the same electrode reaction as the working electrode ) with the interfacial concentrations which establish themselves at c.d., relative to the potential of a similar reference electrode with the concentrations of the bulk solution. From such a measured potential difference, with c.d. flowing, one needs to subtract the ohmic potential drop prevailing between the two electrodes. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ConcentrationPolarization, MassTransferOverpotential, MassTransferPolarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-08 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/C01230 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overpotential#Concentration_overpotential |
| Comment | part of the electrode polarization arising from concentration gradients of electrode reactants and products. |
| Elucidation | the capacity obtained during constant current charging of an electrochemical device |
| Elucidation | the percentage of the total charge capacity that is obtained during a constant current charge process |
| Elucidation | the capacity obtained during constant current discharging of an electrochemical device |
| Elucidation | the percentage of the total discharge capacity that is obtained during a constant current discharge process |
| Elucidation | a target quantity in a control system |
| Alternative Label(s) | ControlledQuantity, SetQuantity |
| Elucidation | fraction of the electric current passing through an electrochemical cell which accomplishes the desired chemical reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | CoulombEfficiency, CurrentEfficiency, FaradayEfficiency |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-07 |
| Elucidation | part of the electrode polarization arising from crystal nucleation and growth phenomena |
| Alternative Label(s) | CrystalizationPolarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-04 |
| Elucidation | maximum electric current density that can be achieved for an electrode reaction at a given concentration of a electrochemically active material in the presence of a large excess of supporting electrolyte |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-13 |
| Elucidation | limit on the electric current of an electrical system |
| Elucidation | The rate of change of an applied current with time. |
| Elucidation | the number of charge-discharge cycles that an electrochemical device has experienced |
| Alternative Label(s) | CycleIndex, CycleNumber |
| Elucidation | the maximum number of cycles achieved in an electrochemical device before reaching some end-of-life criterion |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrochemicalCycleLife |
| Comment | a typical end-of-life criterion in the battery domain is 80% of the initial capacity of the device |
| Elucidation | in particle size distribution measurements, the mass-median-diameter, considered to be the average particle size by mass |
| Elucidation | [an indicator of the] electric current at which a battery is discharged |
| Alternative Label(s) | DischargeRate, DischargeRate, DischargeRate |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-25 |
| Comment | in practice, the term CRate is often used to mean DRate |
| Elucidation | electric potential difference between the rigid layer and the diffuse layer of a double layer |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-20 |
| Elucidation | faradaic current that is controlled by the rate at which electroactive species diffuse toward (or away from) and electrode-solution interface. |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/D01722 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_current |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224527 |
| Comment | Diffusion current is governed by Fick’s Laws of diffusion. It is the principle on which many electroana- lytical methods are based, because the current is proportional to the bulk concentration of the diffusing species. I_{d} = z*F*A*D*\grad(c)_{x=0}, where z is the electron number of an electrochemical reaction, F the Faraday constant, A the electrode surface area, D the diffusion coefficient of electroactive substance, and (∂c/∂x)x=0 the gradient of the amount concentration at the electrode surface position x = 0. |
| Elucidation | diffusion current of the potential-independent value that is approached as the rate of the charge-transfer process is increased by varying the applied potential, being greater than the rate of mass transport controlled by diffusion |
| Alternative Label(s) | LimitingDiffusionCurrent |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/L03534 |
| Comment | I_{d,lim} |
| Elucidation | capacity delivered during a discharge process |
| Elucidation | electric current delivered by a battery during its discharge |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-24 |
| Elucidation | energy delivered by a deviced under some specific discharge conditions |
| Elucidation | voltage between the terminals of a cell or battery when being discharged |
| Alternative Label(s) | ClosedCircuitVoltage |
| Elucidation | non-faradaic current associated with the charging of the electrical double layer at the electrode-solution interface |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/D01847 |
| Elucidation | the time that elapses between the instants at which two successive drops of liquid metal are detached from the tip of the capillary. |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01862 |
| Elucidation | quantities that control electroanalytical techniques |
| Elucidation | An ElectrochemicalQuantity that relates to the kinetics of a reaction. |
| Elucidation | the electrochemical potential is the chemical potential of an ion in the presence of an electric potential |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/E01945 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_potential |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62525 |
| Comment | in quantum mechanical terms, electrochemical potential is defined as the energy level of the electron orbitals in the species that have a 50 percent probability of occupancy |
| Elucidation | Physical quantities defined within the domain of electrochemistry. |
| Elucidation | electric potential at which a material undergoes an oxidation or reduction decomposition |
| Elucidation | A thermodynamically derived ElectrochemicalQuantity. |
| Elucidation | An ElectrochemicalQuantity related to the transport of mass, charge, or energy. |
| Elucidation | The electrode electric potential range between which the substance is neither oxidized nor reduced. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrochemicalStabilityWindow |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_window |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759643 |
| Elucidation | the area of the electrode material that is accessible to the electrolyte that is used for charge transfer and/or storage |
| Alternative Label(s) | EASA, ECSA, ElectrochemicalActiveSurfaceArea |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=485-02-09 |
| Elucidation | amount of a chemical modifier at an electrode surface per unit area |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrodeCoverage |
| Comment | The total coverage may be distinguished from coverage that is electrochemically reactive or accessible on some given timescale. |
| Elucidation | the interfacial area, determined on the assumption that the interface is truly flat (2-dimensional) and calculated using the geometric data of the involved surfaces |
| Comment | A_{geom} |
| Elucidation | electric potential at an electrode, reported as the difference in potential relative to a reference electrode |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-11 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/E01956 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrode_potential |
| Comment | E, U |
| Elucidation | surface area of an electrode that takes into account non-idealities of the interface (roughness, porosity, etc.) and can be measured by a variety of electrochemical methods |
| Comment | A_{real} |
| Elucidation | area of electrode - solution interface. |
| Comment | A |
| Elucidation | ability of a cell or battery to contain its electrolyte under specified mechanical and environmental conditions |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-31 |
| Elucidation | number of electrons transferred in a charge transfer reaction between an electrode and a single entity (ion, radical-ion, or molecule) of an electroactive substance, whose identity must be specified |
| Alternative Label(s) | ChargeNumber, ChargeNumber, NumberOfElectronsTransferred, NumberOfElectronsTransferred |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/C00995 |
| Comment | Symbol n is commonly used when there is no risk of confusion with an amount of substance. |
| Elucidation | measure of a substance's tendency towards electronic conduction |
| Elucidation | the quotient of the energy of an energy-storage device or system and its volume |
| Alternative Label(s) | EnergyDensity |
| Elucidation | ratio of the electric energy provided from a secondary battery [ or electrochemical device ] during discharge to the electric energy supplied to the battery during the preceding charge |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-53 |
| Elucidation | amount of energy that can be stored in a device under specific conditions |
| Alternative Label(s) | BatteryEnergy |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-21 |
| Elucidation | potential of an electrode when no electric current flows through the cell and all local charge transfer equilibria across phase boundaries that are represented in the cell diagram (except at possible electrolyte-electrolyte junctions) and local chemical equilibria are established |
| Alternative Label(s) | EquilibriumPotential, EquilibriumPotential, EquilibriumPotential, NernstPotential, NernstPotential, NernstPotential, ReversiblePotential, ReversiblePotential, ReversiblePotential |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-12 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversal_potential |
| Comment | Eeq is related to the standard electrode potential by the Nernst equation. |
| Elucidation | the common value (i0) of the anodic and cathodic partial currents when the reaction is at equilibrium |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/E02238 |
| Comment | For an electrode at equilibrium at which only one reaction is significant i = 0. When more than one reaction is significant at a given electrode, subscripts to i0 may be used to distinguish exchange currents. i is not usually zero when only one of these reactions is at equilibrium. |
| Elucidation | defined by j0 = i0/A, where i0 is the exchange current of the electrode reaction and A is usually taken as the geometric area of the electrode |
| Alternative Label(s) | MeanExchangeCurrentDensity |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/M03777 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_current_density |
| Elucidation | electric current that results from the electrooxidation or electroreduction of an electroactive substance |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/F02321 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faradaic_current |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5434687 |
| Comment | Current that is produced by other processes, for example by diffusion of charged species, is termed ‘non- faradaic current’. |
| Elucidation | fundamental physical constant representing molar elementary charge |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.F02325 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday_constant |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192819 |
| Elucidation | [an indicator of the] electric current at which a battery is charged towards the end of charge |
| Alternative Label(s) | FinishingChargeRate |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-46 |
| Comment | the quantity CRate is not used for energy-decoupled batteries like Redox Flox batteries |
| Elucidation | equilibrium electrode potential under conditions of unit concentration of species involved in the electrode reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | FormalPotential, FormalPotential, FormalPotential |
| Comment | E^{\circ '} |
| Elucidation | for dynamic voltammetric techniques, the electric potential of the working electrode at which the current is equal to one-half of the peak current |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02720 |
| Comment | The quarter-peak potential, Ep/4, the three-quarter-peak potential, Ep3/4, etc., may be similarly defined. |
| Elucidation | electric potential of a steady-state voltammetric working electrode at the point, on the rising part of the voltammetric wave, where the current is equal to one-half of the limiting current |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.H02722 |
| Comment | E1/2 is used in techniques providing a sigmoidal wave-shaped current including DC voltammetry/polarography, normal pulse voltammetry, hydrodynamic voltammetry, and tast polarography. |
| Elucidation | discharge voltage of a cell or battery at the beginning of the discharge immediately after any transients have subsided |
| Alternative Label(s) | InitialClosedCircuitVoltage |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-29 |
| Elucidation | value of an electric current at an instant in time |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/I03062 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108057717 |
| Comment | I_{t} |
| Elucidation | quotient of change of voltage of a battery by the corresponding change in discharge current under specified conditions. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-36 |
| Comment | internal apparent resistance is expressed in ohms |
| Comment | inverse of internal resistance |
| Elucidation | impedance of a linear circuit's Thévenin representation |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=485-15-04 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_resistance |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527701 |
| Comment | According to to Thévenin's theorem can any linear electric curcuit be replaced with a voltage source in series with an impedance. This impedance is for historical reasons termed "internal resistance". |
| Elucidation | the amount concentration of some ionic species in a given volume of solution |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-16 |
| Elucidation | a measure of a substance's tendency towards ionic conduction |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03175 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_conductivity_(solid_state) |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6063658 |
| Elucidation | electric potential of an ion-selective electrode (ISE) and activity of an analyte ion at which the potential of the ISE is independent of temperature |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.I03304 |
| Comment | The specification of the ISE and outer reference electrode must be described. |
| Elucidation | faradaic current of an electroactive substance B formed by a prior chemical reaction from another substance Y that is no electroactive at the potential at which B is electrochemically transformed |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/K03399 |
| Comment | The kinetic current is partially or entirely controlled by the rate of the chemical reaction. This reaction may be heterogeneous, occurring at an electrode-solution interface (surface reaction), or it may be homo- geneous, occurring at some distance from the interface (bulk reaction). |
| Elucidation | a limit quantity in a control system |
| Elucidation | faradaic current that is approached as the rate of the charge-transfer process is increased by varying the applied potential, being greater than the rate of mass transport controlled by diffusion |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/L03532 |
| Comment | A limiting current is reached when the overpotential is sufficiently large that the faradaic current is deter- mined solely by the ability to supply electroactive species by mass transport. A limiting current is there- fore independent of applied potential over a corresponding finite potential range. A limiting current may have the character of an adsorption, catalytic, diffusion, or kinetic current, and may include a migration current. |
| Elucidation | molar conductivity at infinite dilution |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_conductivity#Variation_of_molar_conductivity_with_dilution |
| Elucidation | the lower end of the interval of frequencies tested in impedimetry and related techniques |
| Elucidation | minimum voltage limit at which an applied excitation is altered or terminated |
| Alternative Label(s) | CutOffVoltage, DischargeCutoffVoltage, EndOfDischargeVoltage, EndPointVoltage, EndVoltage, FinalVoltage, LowerCutoffVoltage |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-30 |
| Comment | specified voltage of a battery at which the battery discharge is terminated. |
| Elucidation | the magnitude of a current pulse applied to an electrochemical cell during pulsed potentiometry and related techniques |
| Alternative Label(s) | PulseMagnitudeCurrent |
| Elucidation | The magnitude of a voltage pulse applied to an electrochemical cell during pulsed amperometry and related techniques. |
| Alternative Label(s) | PulseMagnitudePotential |
| Elucidation | mass of a material per unit area |
| Elucidation | the maximum amount concentration of a species in a phase, either imposed or naturally occurring |
| Elucidation | the maximum current approved for continuous discharge for a given electrochemical device |
| Elucidation | the maximum current approved for pulse discharge of an electrochemical device |
| Elucidation | the maximum duration of a pulse discharge for a given electrochemical device |
| Elucidation | the maximum allowable temperature |
| Elucidation | electric potential difference between two solutions separated by an ion-selective membrane in the absence of any electric current flowing through the membrane |
| Alternative Label(s) | DonnanPotential, MembraneElectromotiveForce |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.M03825 |
| Elucidation | component of electric current due to transport of ions in the electric field between the electrodes |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/M03921 |
| Comment | I_{m} |
| Elucidation | the minimum amount concentration of a species in a phase, either imposed or naturally occuring |
| Elucidation | the minimum allowable temperature |
| Elucidation | electrochemical potential per mole. |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/E01945 |
| Comment | Of a substance in a specified phase, the partial molar Gibbs energy of the substance at the specified electric potential. |
| Elucidation | quotient of the capacity of the negative electrode and the capacity of the positive electrode in a cell |
| Alternative Label(s) | NToPRatio |
| Elucidation | algebraic sum of faradaic currents flowing through an electrode |
| Comment | I |
| Elucidation | suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate or identify a cell, a battery or an electrochemical system |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-31 |
| Elucidation | part of the electrode polarization arising from an electric current through an ohmic resistance within the electrode or the electrolyte |
| Alternative Label(s) | OhmicOvervoltage, OhmicPolarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-09 |
| Elucidation | electrode potential of working electrode relative to the reference electrode when no potential or electric current is being applied to the electrochemical cell |
| Alternative Label(s) | OCP, OCP, OCV, OCV, OpenCircuitPotential, OpenCircuitPotential |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-32 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812203 |
| Comment | In the case of a reversible electrode system, the OCP is also referred to as the equilibrium electrode potential. Otherwise, it is called the rest potential, or the corrosion potential, depending on the system being studied. |
| Elucidation | electrode potential (E) minus the equilibrium electrode potential (Eeq) of an electrochemical reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrodePolarization, ElectrodePolarization, Overvoltage, Overvoltage, PolarizationPotential, PolarizationPotential |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-02 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/O04358 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overpotential |
| Comment | difference between the electrode potential with current flow, and the electrode potential without current flow, i.e. the equilibrium potential |
| Elucidation | radius of a particle |
| Elucidation | in dynamic voltammetric techniques, the maximum value of the faradaic current attained by varying the applied potential in the current-potential or I-E curve |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/P04457 |
| Comment | I_{p} |
| Elucidation | electrode potential of the working electrode at which the peak current is attained |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04464 |
| Comment | This term is used in dynamic voltammetric techniques providing a peak-shaped current response (linear-sweep voltammetry, triangular-wave voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, AC voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, square-wave voltammetry, stripping voltamme- try and derivative techniques). |
| Elucidation | nominal property of an electrode, having values negative or positive according to the sign of the electrode potential, or neutral when the electrode potential is zero. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-14 |
| Elucidation | the rate of change of applied potential with time |
| Alternative Label(s) | PotentialSweepRate, ScanRate, SweepRate |
| Elucidation | parameter defining the ability of an ion-selective electrode to distinguish a particular ion, i.e., a primary ion A from an interfering ion B |
| Alternative Label(s) | SelectivityCoefficient, SelectivityConstant, SelectivityFactor |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04791 |
| Comment | The selectivity coefficient is determined by means of the potential difference of the ion- selective electrode in mixed solutions of the primary ion, A, and interfering ion, B (Fixed Interference Method) or, less desirably, in separate solutions of A and B (Separate Solution Method). The activities of the primary ion, A, and the interfering ion, B, at which K is determined should always be specified, as the value of K is defined by a modified Nikolsky-Eisenman equation. The smaller the value of K , the A,B greater the electrode’s preference for the primary ion, A. |
| Elucidation | [a sign that] qualifies a cell or a battery having the shape of a parallelepiped whose faces are rectangular |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-38 |
| Elucidation | time interval during which the excitation signal deviates from the base line in normal pulse voltamme- try, differential pulse voltammetry, and related techniques |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.P04947 |
| Comment | The pulse duration includes the sampling interval. |
| Elucidation | a single value, for instance a mean, root mean square or peak value characterizing the aggregate instantaneous values of a unidirectional pulse with respect to the common initial and final value |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=702-03-03 |
| Elucidation | electric potential of the indicator electrode, in chronopotentiometry at constant current, at the instant when the time that has elapsed since the application of current is equal to one-fourth of the transition time |
| Comment | In practice, appropriate correction for the double-layer charging current is needed. |
| Elucidation | capacity value of a battery [or electrochemical device] determined under specified conditions and declared by the manufacturer |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-15 |
| Elucidation | part of the electrode polarization arising from a chemical reaction impeding the electrode reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | ReactionOvervoltage, ReactionPolarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-10 |
| Elucidation | rate at which a chemical reaction takes place |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-02 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_rate |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3394849 |
| Elucidation | a proportionality constant which quantifies the rate and direction of a chemical reaction by relating it with the concentration of reactants |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_rate_constant |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658700 |
| Elucidation | an entry in a dataset, typically consisting of one line. |
| Elucidation | charged active material remaining in a cell following a discharge to a specified end-of-discharge voltage. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-37 |
| Elucidation | electric charge capacity remaining in a cell or battery following a discharge, operation or storage under specific test conditions |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-16 |
| Elucidation | Electric current that flows, at a particular value of the applied potential, in the absence of the substance whose electrode behaviour is being investigated, i.e. a "blank" solution. |
| Alternative Label(s) | BackgroundCurrent, BackgroundCurrent |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/R05311 |
| Comment | I_{r} |
| Elucidation | Duration between the time when an ion-selective electrode and an external reference electrode (the two completing the ion-selective electrode cell) are brought into contact with a sample solution (or the time at which the activity of the ion of interest in solution is changed) and the first time at which the slope of the cell potential vs. time plot (ΔE/Δt) becomes equal to a limiting value selected on the basis of the experimental conditions and/or requirements concerning accuracy. |
| Comment | Buck and Lindner suggest a slope of 0.6 mV min-1 . |
| Alternative Label(s) | RestingDuration, the duration during which an electrochemical device is kept at open-circuit conditions |
| Elucidation | rotational frequency of a rotating component in a rotating disk electrode |
| Elucidation | time interval during which the current is measured in pulse voltammetry |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05465 |
| Elucidation | duration of the sampling interval in pulse voltammetry |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05467 |
| Elucidation | duration, under specific conditions, at the end of which a battery [ or electrochemical device ] has retained the ability to perform a specified function |
| Alternative Label(s) | StorageLife |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-47 |
| Elucidation | maximum current which should be delivered by a cell or battery into an external circuit with zero electric resistance, or an external circuit which depresses the cell or battery voltage to approximately zero volt |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-26 |
| Comment | zero electric resistance is a hypothetical condition and in practice the short-circuit current is the peak current flowing in a circuit of very low resistance compared to the internal resistance of the battery |
| Elucidation | Potential to which the magnitude of an excitation signal is compared to. |
| Alternative Label(s) | BaselinePotential |
| Comment | Alternating potential signals such as the ones applied in Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy are superimposed to a reference potential, which can be an applied potential or the open circuit potential. |
| Elucidation | quotient of the capacity of a cell or battery [ or electrode or active material ] by its mass. |
| Alternative Label(s) | GravimetricCapacity, SpecificChargeCapacity, SpecificElectricChargeCapacity |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-19 |
| Comment | Can also be applied to electrodes. |
| Elucidation | quotient of the capacity of a cell or battery [ or electrode or active material ] obtained during a charge process by its mass. |
| Elucidation | quotient of the capacity of a cell or battery [ or electrode or active material ] obtained during a discharge process by its mass. |
| Elucidation | the specific energy of an electrochemical device obtained during a charge process |
| Elucidation | the specific energy of an electrochemical device obtained during a discharge process |
| Elucidation | the quotient of the energy of an energy-storage device or system and its mass |
| Alternative Label(s) | SpecificEnergy |
| Elucidation | the quotient of the power of an energy-storage device or system and its mass |
| Elucidation | total surface of a solid per mass |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=485-02-10 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_surface_area |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622205 |
| Elucidation | component of an electric current that is associated with the presence of an analyate in square-wave voltammetry |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/S05897 |
| Comment | I_{SW} |
| Elucidation | equilibrium electrode potential of an electrode under standard conditions |
| Alternative Label(s) | StandardPotential, StandardPotential, StandardPotential |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-13 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/S05912 |
| Comment | E° is related to the standard Gibbs Energy of the electrode reaction, Δr G° or ΔrG , written as a reduction with respect to that of the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) E° = −ΔrG°/zF. |
| Elucidation | the duration between two consecutive steps in a staircase signal |
| Elucidation | number describing the step in a protocol |
| Elucidation | the magnitude of the current step in chronopotentiometry and related techniques |
| Elucidation | the magnitude of the voltage step in step voltammetry and related techniques |
| Elucidation | time of a measurement relative to the start of the step (t = 0) |
| Elucidation | a measure of the total area that the surface of a solid object occupies |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_area |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379273 |
| Elucidation | The potential of a working electrode relative to a reference electrode of the same kinds placed in the solution adjacent to the surface of the working electrode (just outside the double layer). |
| Alternative Label(s) | SurfacePolarization, SurfacePolarization, SurfacePolarization |
| Comment | A positive surface overpotential produces a positive (anodic) current. |
| Elucidation | the density of a powdered or granular material when it is subjected to tapping or mechanical vibration |
| Alternative Label(s) | TapDensity |
| Elucidation | quotient of the change in capacity of a cell by the corresponding change in temperature. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-18 |
| Elucidation | quotient of change in open-circuit voltage of a cell or battery by the corresponding change in temperature. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-33 |
| Elucidation | limit on the temperature of a system |
| Elucidation | time of a measurement relative to the start of the test (t = 0) |
| Alternative Label(s) | TheoreticalChargeCapacity |
| Elucidation | the total number of cycles carried out on a specific device under a given set of conditions |
| Elucidation | in chronopotentiometry and related techniques, the duration between the application of current and when the concentration of an electroactive substance at the electrode-solution interface becomes indistinguishable from zero |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.T06472 |
| Comment | In experimental practice, the latter is often taken to be the moment when the rate of varia- tion of the potential of the indicator electrode attains a maximum value. |
| Elucidation | the higher end of the interval of frequencies tested in impedimetry and related techniques |
| Elucidation | maximum voltage limit at which an applied excitation is altered or terminated |
| Alternative Label(s) | EndOfChargeVoltage, UpperCutoffVoltage |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-55 |
| Elucidation | a control limit placed on the rate of change of the cell voltage, dV/dt. |
| Alternative Label(s) | dV/dt |
| Elucidation | limit on the voltage of an electrical system |
| Elucidation | quotient of the capacity of a cell or battery by its volume. |
| Alternative Label(s) | VolumetricChargeCapacity, VolumetricElectricChargeCapacity |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-17 |
| Elucidation | the quotient of the power of an energy-storage device or system and its volume |
| Elucidation | ratio of the surface area of a solid object to the volume of the object |
| Alternative Label(s) | SurfaceAreaToVolumeRatio |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface-area-to-volume_ratio |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766786 |
| Elucidation | range of electrode potentials of a given working electrode in a given electrolyte, where the electric current from reactions of the electrode or electrolyte is negligible compared with the current from reactions of the system under investigation |
| Comment | Because the working potential range is a function of a specific electrode/electrolyte system, only approximate ranges can be given for generic systems. |
| Elucidation | Sinusoidal potential waveform superimposed to a linear potential ramp. |
| Elucidation | an aqueous electrolyte with a nominal pH values less than 7 |
| Alternative Label(s) | AcidicAqueousElectrolyte, AcidicSolution |
| Comment | typical alkaline electrolytes have a pH in the range 0 < x < 4 |
| Elucidation | an electrode which is chemically altered by the electrode reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | NonInertElectrode, ReactiveElectrode |
| Comment | the opposite of an inert electrode |
| Elucidation | material that is oxidized or reduced at an electrode in an electrochemical cell |
| Alternative Label(s) | ActiveElectrochemicalMaterial, ActiveElectrochemicalMaterial, ActiveElectrochemicalMaterial, ActiveElectrochemicalMaterial, ElectrochemicallyActiveMaterial, ElectrochemicallyActiveMaterial, ElectrochemicallyActiveMaterial, ElectrochemicallyActiveMaterial |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-14 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120907375 |
| Comment | in secondary cells, the active material is restored to its original state during charge |
| Elucidation | blend containing a material which reacts chemically to produce electrical energy with other constituents and additives |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-34 |
| Elucidation | a degradation mechanism in electrochemical cells in which fractures in the active material particles increase cell resistance. |
| Elucidation | a gas diffusion electrode in which the gas is air |
| Comment | The reaction occuring in an air electrode is typically the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). |
| Elucidation | an aqueous electrolyte with a nominal pH greater than 7 |
| Alternative Label(s) | AlkalineAqueousElectrolyte, AlkalineSolution |
| Comment | typical alkaline electrolytes have a pH in the range 13 < x < 15 |
| Elucidation | periodic current where the amplitude alternates at a steady frequency between fixed minimum and maximum values, with the same duration at minimum and maximum |
| Alternative Label(s) | AC |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-24 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124164 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is aluminium |
| Elucidation | an insertion electrode in which the guest molecule is aluminium |
| Elucidation | a solution of ammonia (NH3) dissolved in water (H2O) |
| Alternative Label(s) | AqueousAmmoniaSolution |
| Comment | the solution can also be made by dissolving ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) in water |
| Elucidation | a solution of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) dissolved in water (H2O) |
| Alternative Label(s) | AqueousAmmoniumChlorideSolution |
| Elucidation | a working electrode in the shape of a ring used in a rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE). |
| Alternative Label(s) | RingElectrode |
| Elucidation | by convention, cell electrode at which an oxidation reaction occurs |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-27 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/A00370 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181232 |
| Comment | at an anode, electrons are produced in a galvanic cell or extracted in an electrolytic cell |
| Elucidation | electrode polarization associated with an anodic reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | AnodicPolarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-17 |
| Elucidation | electrode reaction in which oxidation occurs at the anode |
| Alternative Label(s) | Electrooxidation, Electrooxidation, ElectrooxidationReaction, ElectrooxidationReaction |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-09 |
| Comment | an electrode reaction, when the energy of electrons in the working electrode is lower than the HOMO orbital of the substrate |
| Elucidation | electrolyte on the anode side of an electrochemical cell that is divided into compartments |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-19 |
| Comment | Electrolyte solution in the anodic compartment of an electrolysis cell or galvanic cell, i.e., in that part of the cell where the anode is placed. |
| Elucidation | a tank for holding anolyte |
| Comment | usually used in a flow cell system |
| Elucidation | an ion-transport medium, which may be immobilized, in which water is the solvent. |
| Alternative Label(s) | AqueousElectrolyticSolution |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120906632 |
| Elucidation | membrane constituted of two or more structural planes of non-identical morphologies |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.AT06862 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120965018 |
| Elucidation | a type of spring, in the form of a conical washer |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3056595 |
| Elucidation | an asymmetric membrane composed of two layers, typically with different chemical properties or functional roles |
| Elucidation | electrode containing two different metals (e.g. platinum and ruthenium) on its surface (e.g. to modify its electrocatalytic properties) |
| Elucidation | an electrode consisting of two metal oxide active materials |
| Elucidation | an electrolyte consisting of anions and cations with equal absolute charge numbers. |
| Elucidation | material or substance that holds or draws other materials together to form a cohesive whole |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrodeBinder |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binder_(material) |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863583 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is bismuth |
| Elucidation | an active electrode with a blend of two or more active materials |
| Elucidation | a model for the double layer that includes the action of the solvent on the surface |
| Alternative Label(s) | BDM |
| Comment | proposed by John Bockris, M. A. V. Devanathan, and Klaus Mueller in 1963 |
| Elucidation | plots of the phase angle and the magnitude of the impedance vs. the logarithm of perturbation frequency at all the frequencies tested in an impedimetry measurement |
| Alternative Label(s) | BodeDiagram |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bode_plot |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245627 |
| Elucidation | accelerated charge applied at greater than normal values of electric currents or of voltages (for a particular design) during a short time interval |
| Alternative Label(s) | FastCharge |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-37 |
| Elucidation | a phenomenological model for electrode kinetics, describing the relation between the electrode current from an electrochemical charge-transfer reaction and the surface overpotential of the electrode |
| Alternative Label(s) | ButlerVolmerApproximation, ErdeyGruzVolmerEquation |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler%E2%80%93Volmer_equation |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903846 |
| Comment | i = i0 * (exp(alpha*n*F*eta/(R*T)) – exp(-(1-alpha)*n*F*eta/(R*T))) |
| Elucidation | a cycling protocol in which an electrochemical cell is first put through a CCCV charging process followed by a constant current discharge process |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is cadmium |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is caesium |
| Comment | electrode in which the active material is calcium |
| Elucidation | an insertion electrode in which the guest molecule is calcium |
| Elucidation | a degradation phenomena in electrochemical devices in which the practicaclly achieveable capacity of the cell is less than the measured capacity at the beginning of life. |
| Alternative Label(s) | CapacityLoss |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacity_loss |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16851742 |
| Elucidation | an electrode which contains mostly materials based on carbon |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter I |
| Elucidation | development of a carbon paste electrode that is screen printed using a carbon/polymer mixture of suitable composition |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120907443 |
| Comment | These electrodes can easily be chemically modified by the incorporation of reagents (electrocatalysts, redox mediators, complexation agents, enzymes, etc.) and by the attachment of micro- or nanoparticles to prepare electrochemical sensors for analytical applications. |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is carbon monofluoride |
| Elucidation | Electrode of a composite of carbon powder and a pasting liquid (including mineral oil, Nujol, bromoform, bromonaphthalene). |
| Alternative Label(s) | CPE, CPE |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_paste_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5037987 |
| Comment | The CPE was first described by Adams in 1958. A CPE is typically housed in a Teflon holder, contacted by a conductive wire (occasionally a piston is used to renew the surface by extrusion of the used paste). Problems are long-term stability of the paste and that the binder can influence its properties. |
| Elucidation | a gas diffusion electrode in which the active material is carbon dioxide (CO2) |
| Elucidation | container for the plate pack or packs and electrolyte of a cell or cells made of a material impervious to the electrolyte |
| Alternative Label(s) | Can, Container, Housing |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-14 |
| Elucidation | substance that increases chemical reaction speed, and which is conserved after the reaction |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12385831 |
| Elucidation | by convention, cell electrode at which, a reduction reaction occurs |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/C00905 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175233 |
| Comment | electrode of an electrochemical cell through which net electric current flows and at which the predominating electrochemical reaction is a reduction |
| Elucidation | a type of solid electrolyte interface that forms on the surface of the electrode designated as the "cathode" or positive electrode |
| Comment | used to distinguish the interphase on the cathode surface from that on the anode, which is typically called the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) |
| Elucidation | electrode polarization associated with a cathodic reaction |
| Alternative Label(s) | CathodicPolarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-18 |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-05 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathodic_protection |
| Wikidata Reference | electrochemical immunity produced by an appropriate cathodic polarization. |
| Elucidation | electrode reaction in which reduction occurs at the cathode |
| Alternative Label(s) | Electroreduction, Electroreduction, Electroreduction, Electroreduction, ElectroreductionReaction, ElectroreductionReaction, ElectroreductionReaction, ElectroreductionReaction |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-10 |
| Comment | electrode reaction involving an electrochemical reduction |
| Elucidation | electrolyte on the cathode side of an electrochemical cell that is divided into compartments. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-18 |
| Comment | Electrolyte solution in the cathodic compartment of an electrolysis cell or galvanic cell, i.e., in that part of the cell where the cathode is placed. |
| Elucidation | a tank for holding catholyte |
| Comment | usually used in a flow cell system |
| Elucidation | internal component used to reduce the amount of electrolyte loss due to electrolyte spray being carried in the gas and/or by electrolyte movement |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-13 |
| Comment | a cell baffle has a second function in protecting the plate pack from damage by objects inserted through the filling hole |
| Elucidation | cell container which is usually metallic and typically, but not exclusively, cylindrical |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-13 |
| Elucidation | part used to close the case normally having holes for filling, topping-up, gas escape, terminals, etc. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-15 |
| Elucidation | measurement of temperature |
| Elucidation | vector containing at least two values for the quantity celsius temperature |
| Elucidation | operation during which a secondary cell or battery is supplied with electric energy from an external circuit which results in chemical changes within the cell and thus the storage of energy as chemical energy. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrochemicalCharging |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-27 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388109 |
| Elucidation | a generic denomination of particles or quasiparticles responsible for electric charge transport. |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_carrier |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865807 |
| Elucidation | plot of the time-dependent amount of electric charge passed through an electrochemical system due to the application of a electric potential |
| Alternative Label(s) | ChargeTimeCurve, ElectricChargeTimeCurve, ElectricChargeTimePlot, QtCurve |
| Elucidation | a process that results in the interconversion of chemical species |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01033 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36534 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is chromium |
| Elucidation | cell electrode consisting of a current collector and active material |
| Alternative Label(s) | Plate |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-02 |
| Elucidation | a covering on the surface of an object |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coating |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570182 |
| Elucidation | an electrode which contains mostly materials based on cobalt |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter C |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is cobalt |
| Elucidation | a round-type case with a height that is less than the diameter |
| Alternative Label(s) | ButtonCase |
| Elucidation | electrochemical cell that has two half-cells separated by a wall permeable to ions, both containing the same electrolyte differing only in their ion concentrations |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-08 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration_cell |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903563 |
| Comment | a concentration cell produces a voltage as it attempts to reach equilibrium, which will occur when the concentration in both cells is equal. |
| Elucidation | a material added to an electrode for the purpose of increasing its electronic conductivity. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectronicallyConductiveElectrodeAdditive |
| Elucidation | an electrochemical cell for conductivity measurements |
| Comment | Formed, in theory, by two 1 cm2 reversible electrodes spaced 1 cm apart, providing a uniform distribution of electrical field. In practice, however, a number of other configurations are used. |
| Elucidation | conductor of electricity used for carrying current between components in an electric circuit |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-37 |
| Elucidation | charge during which the electric current is maintained at a constant value regardless of the battery voltage or temperature |
| Alternative Label(s) | GalvanostaticCharging |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-38 |
| Elucidation | a two-step charging process in which a constant current is applied until a set upper cutoff voltage is reached and then the cell is potentiostatically held at that voltage until the current falls below some set threshhold value |
| Alternative Label(s) | CCCV |
| Elucidation | a discharging process in which the current is kept at a constant value |
| Alternative Label(s) | GalvanostaticDischarging |
| Elucidation | Signal consisting of successive pulses of electric potential of the same magnitude. |
| Elucidation | Signal consisting of a constant electric potential. |
| Elucidation | charge during which the voltage is maintained at a constant value regardless of charge current or temperature |
| Alternative Label(s) | FloatCharging, PotentiostaticCharging |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-49 |
| Elucidation | a discharging process in which the voltage between the terminals of the electrochemical cell is kept at a constant value |
| Alternative Label(s) | PotentiostaticDischarging |
| Elucidation | service test with an uninterrupted discharge |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-48 |
| Alternative Label(s) | metal electrode in which the active material is copper |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is cupric oxide (copper (II) oxide) |
| Alternative Label(s) | CupricOxideElectrode |
| Elucidation | measuring instrument to obtain the electrical charge passed in an experiment, or to produce a known amount of substance in a titration. |
| Alternative Label(s) | Voltameter, Voltameter |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltameter |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905539 |
| Comment | Modern instruments for measuring trace water by Karl Fischer titration use the passage of a measured charge to produce iodine from iodide solution. They are known as Karl Fischer coulometers |
| Elucidation | electrode whose function is to carry the electric current flowing through the electrical circuit of an electrochemical cell, the electrochemical processes on its surface not being of interest |
| Alternative Label(s) | AuxiliaryElectrode, AuxiliaryElectrode |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/A00535 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1768785 |
| Comment | An auxiliary electrode is used in any three-electrode cell, together with a working electrode and reference electrode. |
| Elucidation | A good electron conductor support designed to transfer electrons from the external circuit to the active materials of the cell. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrodeCurrentCollector |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=485-06-07 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120907411 |
| Elucidation | a process in which the electric current is controlled |
| Elucidation | plot of current versus applied potential (I-E) for a given system |
| Alternative Label(s) | CurrentPotentialCurve, ElectricCurrentPotentialCurve |
| Comment | The curve is sigmoidal in hydrodynamic voltammetry, voltammetry at microelectrodes and polarography, or peak-shaped in ac voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, square- wave voltammetry, stripping voltammetry, and derivative techniques. |
| Elucidation | rapid, transient change in the amplitude of an electric current, from a baseline value to a higer or lower value, followed by a rapid return to the baseline value. |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114979515 |
| Elucidation | the process of applying a current pulse |
| Elucidation | plot of the dependence of instantaneous current on time |
| Alternative Label(s) | CurrentTimeCurve |
| Elucidation | a series of data points indexed in cycle order |
| Elucidation | vector containing at least two values for the quantity cycle number |
| Elucidation | set of operations that is carried out on a secondary cell or battery and is repeated regularly in the same sequence. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ChargeCycle, ChargeCycle, ElectrochemicalCycling, ElectrochemicalCycling |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-28 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_cycle |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5074261 |
| Comment | in a secondary battery these operations may consist of a sequence of a discharge followed by a charge or a charge followed by a discharge under specified conditions |
| Elucidation | a round-type case with a height that is greater than or equal to the diameter |
| Elucidation | needle-like or tree-like formation of crystalline growth formed during deposition of a material |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-07 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.D01588 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendrite_(crystal) |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190136 |
| Elucidation | Small pulses of electric potential superimposed to a linear potential ramp or a staircase potential ramp. |
| Comment | The pulses are usually of constant height 10 to 100 mV and constant width 10 to 100 ms. |
| Elucidation | Signal consisting of a constant electric current. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ConstantCurrentSignal, DC |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-22 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constant_current |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163647 |
| Elucidation | electric current that flows in a constant direction, i.e. a current with a constant sign |
| Alternative Label(s) | DC, DC |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/D01767 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159241 |
| Comment | I_{DC} |
| Elucidation | operation during which an electrochemical cell supplies electric energy as the result of chemical changes within the cell |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrochemicalDischarging |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-23 |
| Comment | the opposite of a charging process |
| Elucidation | process where molecules split up into ions due to being dissolved |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-08 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociation_(chemistry) |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189673 |
| Elucidation | mixing of a substance into another substance with formation of one new homogeneous substance |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-04 |
| Comment | the result of the dissolution of one or more solutes into a solvent is a solution |
| Elucidation | an electrode that is coated on both sides of the current collector |
| Elucidation | a double layer of charges exists at the interface between two conducting media: One side carries a positive excess charge, which is balanced by a negative excess of equal magnitude on the other side. |
| Alternative Label(s) | DL, EDL, ElectricalDoubleLayer |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_layer_(surface_science) |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904857 |
| Elucidation | model representing the structure of an electrolyte at an electrode-electrolyte interface by a rigid layer formed by the charge carriers on the surface of the electrode and a diffuse layer formed by mobile ions in the electrolyte. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectricalDoubleLayerModel, ElectricalPolarizationLayerModel |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-19 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_layer_(surface_science) |
| Elucidation | mercury electrode formed by sequence of mercury drops falling from a small aperture |
| Alternative Label(s) | DME, DME |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dropping_mercury_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q962292 |
| Comment | Other kinds of mercury drop electrodes are the static mercury drop electrode (SMDE), in which a drop is held at constant radius before being mechanically knocked off, and the hanging mercury drop elec- trode (HMDE), in which the whole experiment is performed on a single drop of mercury. |
| Elucidation | part which insures insulation between the plate (electrode) edges and adjacent plates (electrodes) and the container side walls |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-19 |
| Elucidation | Time-dependent variation of electric charge passed through a system. |
| Elucidation | measurement of electric current |
| Elucidation | a system for measuing electric current |
| Elucidation | Time-dependent variation of electric current |
| Elucidation | vector containing at least two values for the quantity electric current |
| Elucidation | a system for measuring electric potential |
| Elucidation | Time-dependent variation of electric potential |
| Elucidation | Time dependent variation of an electric quantity. |
| Elucidation | change of the mechanical stress at the surface separating two bodies due to the presence of electric charges at the interface |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-02 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocapillarity |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9252431 |
| Elucidation | increasing the rate of an electrode reaction by adding specific material to the electrode. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-15 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100318565 |
| Elucidation | material that can cause electrocatalysis. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-16 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocatalyst |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5357962 |
| Elucidation | a system containing two electrodes that allow transport of electrons, separated by an electrolyte that allows movement of ions but blocks movement of electrons. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-01 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_cell |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80097 |
| Comment | If processes of interest occur at both the anode and the cathode of a cell (as in differential amperometry or controlled-current potentiometric titration with two indicator electrodes), the cell should be said to comprise two indicator or two working electrodes. |
| Elucidation | A constituent in an electrochemical system. |
| Comment | a constituent is essential to the functioning of the system and cannot be replaced by a comparable thing without altering the behaviour of the system |
| Elucidation | A phenomenon that causes an electrochemical system to deviate from its ideal behaviour. |
| Elucidation | a device whose primary function is facilitating the conversion between chemical and electrical energy. |
| Comment | an electrochemical device contains at least one electrochemical cell plus the apparati required to make it work as a practical device (e.g. terminals, container, etc.) |
| Elucidation | Device that stores electrical energy using a double layer in an electrochemical cell. |
| Alternative Label(s) | DoubleLayerCapacitor, EDLC, ElectrochemicalCapacitor |
| Comment | stores energy electrostatically in the Helmholtz Layer |
| Elucidation | a system comprising one electrode in contact with an ionic conductor. |
| Alternative Label(s) | HalfCell |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-cell |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903509 |
| Elucidation | situation in which a material in a given environment undergoes negligible electrochemical corrosion. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-03 |
| Elucidation | The two-dimensional space comprising the boundary between two electrochemical constituents. |
| Elucidation | A material that undergoes electrochemical changes. |
| Elucidation | transport of ions in an electrolyte due to an electric field |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-06 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_migration |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30587730 |
| Elucidation | A chemical phenomenon that is accompanied by the flow of electric current |
| Elucidation | Graphical representation of a dataset resulting from the measurement of the response of an electrochemical system. |
| Comment | Shows the relationship between two or more electrochemical variables. |
| Elucidation | a type of supercapacitor that uses metal oxide or conducting polymer electrodes with a high amount of electrochemical pseudocapacitance additional to the double-layer capacitance |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudocapacitor |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7254569 |
| Comment | stores energy electrochemically via Faradaic mechanisms |
| Elucidation | a chemical reaction in an electrolyte involving a transfer of electrons between chemical components or between chemical components and an electrode |
| Alternative Label(s) | ChargeTransferReaction, ChargeTransferReaction, ChargeTransferReaction, ChargeTransferReaction, ChargeTransferReaction, ChargeTransferReaction |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-01 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120892494 |
| Comment | any process either caused or accompanied by the passage of an electric current and involving in most cases the transfer of electrons between two substances |
| Elucidation | A material relation in electrochemistry. |
| Elucidation | chemiluminescence produced in electrode reactions |
| Alternative Label(s) | ECL, ElectrogeneratedChemiluminescence |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-18 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemiluminescence |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755961 |
| Elucidation | electronically conductive part in electric contact with a medium of lower electronic conductivity and intended to perform one or more of the functions of emitting charge carriers to or receiving charge carriers from that medium or to establish an electric field in that medium |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-03 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140 |
| Comment | Alternative definition: Half-cell consisting of at least one electron conductor and at least one ionic conductor (electrolyte). - Terminology of electrochemical methods of analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2019) |
| Elucidation | an electrode which is coated onto a substrate, typically a metallic foil current collector. |
| Elucidation | interface between an electrolyte and an electrode where an electrode reaction takes place. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ActiveSurfaceOfAnElectrode, ActiveSurfaceOfAnElectrode |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-05 |
| Elucidation | assembly of one positive plate, one negative plate and the associated separator if any |
| Alternative Label(s) | PlatePair |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-09 |
| Elucidation | formation of compounds that reduces the conductivity at the surface of an electrode |
| Alternative Label(s) | Passivation |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-16 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passivation_(chemistry) |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917260 |
| Elucidation | accumulation or depletion of electric charges at an electrode, resulting in a difference between the electrode potential with current flow, and the potential without current flow or equilibrium electrode potential |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrodePolarization, Polarisation, Polarization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-15 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_(electrochemistry) |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605 |
| Elucidation | electrochemical reaction involving the transfer of electrons between electrolyte and electrode |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-04 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.E01960 |
| Comment | An interfacial reaction that necessarily involves a charge-transfer step. |
| Elucidation | finished assembly of the positive and negative plate (electrode) groups with interleaved separators and terminals or intercell connectors |
| Alternative Label(s) | PlatePack |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-08 |
| Elucidation | the process of forming a film or a bulk material using an electrochemical process where the electrons are supplied by an external power supply |
| Elucidation | the electrochemical dissolution of a material to soluble species |
| Comment | It can be regarded as the reversal of electrodeposition. |
| Elucidation | method of separating and neutralizing ions by an electric current in an electrolytic cell |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-09 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolysis |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64403 |
| Elucidation | a material in which the mobile species are ions and free movement of electrons is blocked. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-02 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolyte |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162908 |
| Comment | A solid electrolyte is a solid material where the predominant charge carriers are ions. For example: NASICON (Na Super Ionic Conductor), which has the general formula Na1+xZr2P3-xSix O12 , 0 < x < 3. |
| Elucidation | gradual and slow spreading of an electrolyte film on the external surface of a cell or battery |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-30 |
| Comment | electrolyte creep is sometimes indicated by the presence of a visible solid deposit or wet spots |
| Elucidation | device used to assist in the measurement of the level of electrolyte in a cell |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-52 |
| Elucidation | a liquid electrolyte that consists of solutes dissolved in a solvent |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrolyticSolution |
| Elucidation | capacitor consisting of a metallic plate as first conductor, a very thin oxide film formed on the metal as the dielectric and an electrolyte as second conductor |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-04 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolytic_capacitor |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1326992 |
| Elucidation | electrochemical cell intended to produce chemical reactions |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-06 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolytic_cell |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2608426 |
| Comment | An electrochemical cell that requires input of work to drive the reaction. |
| Elucidation | movement of a fluid through a diaphragm, produced by application of an electric field |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-01 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electro-osmosis |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241065 |
| Elucidation | process inside an electrolytic cell used to coat a conductive object with a layer of a material |
| Alternative Label(s) | Galvanizing |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-17 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroplating |
| Comment | The process of depositing a usually thin layer of metal upon a usually metallic substrate (or any other conductor, e.g. graphite), in order to improve the appearance, and/or to change the surface properties of the substrate. |
| Elucidation | extended charge to ensure an equal state of charge of all cells in a battery |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-40 |
| Elucidation | mass m of electrochemically-transformed substance is proportional to the charge Q passed, m ∝ Q. |
| Alternative Label(s) | FaradaysLaw, FaradaysLawOfElectrolysis |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday%27s_laws_of_electrolysis#First_law |
| Elucidation | when the same electric charge (quantity of electricity) Q is passed through several electrolytes, the mass, m_i, of the substances deposited are proportional to their respective chemical equivalent molar mass, M_i/z_i. |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday%27s_laws_of_electrolysis#Second_law |
| Comment | m_1/m_2 = (M_1/z_1) / (M_2/z_2) |
| Elucidation | vent of special design which provides protection against the propagation of a flame front from or into the interior of a secondary cell |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-11 |
| Comment | this flame front may originate from a spark or an external naked flame igniting combustible electrolysis gas |
| Elucidation | an electrochemical cell in which the active materials are flowed through the cell from an external source |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrochemicalFlowCell |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is tin oxide doped with fluorine |
| Alternative Label(s) | FTOElectrode |
| Elucidation | the cycling of a cell after manufacturing, usually for the purpose of forming interfacial layers |
| Elucidation | analyzes the output signal of a stimulated system |
| Alternative Label(s) | FRA, FrequencyResponseAnalyzer |
| Comment | based on the Fourier Transform analysis |
| Elucidation | galvanic cell that transforms chemical energy from continuously supplied reactants to electric energy by an electrochemical process. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-05 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253 |
| Elucidation | electrochemical cell in which chemical reactions occur spontaneously and chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-02 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanic_cell |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209440 |
| Comment | An electrochemical cell that spontaneously produces work. |
| Elucidation | instrument which controls the electric current between the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode |
| Alternative Label(s) | Amperostat |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanostat |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5519411 |
| Elucidation | a cycling protocol in which an electrochemical cell is subject to alternating galvanostatic charging and discharging processes |
| Elucidation | a process in which the electric current is kept constant |
| Elucidation | a type of electrode specifically designed for gaseous reactants or products or both |
| Alternative Label(s) | GDE, GDE, GDE |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=485-02-02 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_diffusion_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909759 |
| Comment | A gas diffusion electrode usually comprises one or more porous layers, like the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer. |
| Elucidation | the dissolution of molecules from a gas into another phase |
| Elucidation | process through which a gas is evolved |
| Alternative Label(s) | Gassing |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_evolution_reaction |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5526337 |
| Elucidation | evolution of gas resulting from electrolysis of the water in the electrolyte of a cell |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-51 |
| Elucidation | a separator is composed of a mass of intermeshed glass fibers. |
| Alternative Label(s) | FibreglassSeparator |
| Elucidation | electrode made of glassy carbon material with an intertwined graphitic ribbon structure, formed by pyrolysis of a resol precursor at temperatures up to 3000 °C |
| Alternative Label(s) | GCE, GCE, GCE |
| Comment | extremely resistant to many chemicals, impermeable to gases and liquids, and has good electrical conductivity, high hardness and strength, and biocompatibility |
| Elucidation | foil, wire or disc electrode made of gold which is easily fabricated into a variety of electrode geometries |
| Alternative Label(s) | AuElectrode |
| Comment | At positive potentials, Au forms an oxide and/or chemisorbed oxygen layer, while in the presence of complexing anions, such as chloride or cyanide, it readily undergoes oxidation and dissolution, limiting its working potential range and its applications. |
| Elucidation | an extension of the Helmholtz model that describes the distribution of ions as a function of distance from the electrode surface to the bulk of the electroylte |
| Comment | this model fails for highly charged double layers |
| Elucidation | a modification of the Stern model that considers the double layer as three regions separated by the inner Helmholtz plane and the outer Helmholtz plane |
| Comment | proposed by D. C. Grahame in 1947 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is graphite |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is hard carbon |
| Elucidation | a structural representation of the double layer that states that the accumulation of electric charge on the surface of the electrode is balanced by a layer of ions in the electrolyte |
| Comment | proposed by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1853 |
| Elucidation | permanently sealed gas tight cell without pressure release device |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-01 |
| Elucidation | a flow cell that uses one or more electroactive components deposited as a solid layer |
| Elucidation | platinized platinum electrode saturated by a stream of pure gaseous hydrogen |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-16 |
| Comment | A platinized platinum electrode consists of a platinum rod covered by compact platinum powder called platinum black. |
| Elucidation | Pulses of electric potential, of amplitude increasing by a constant increment and with a pulse width of 2 to 200 ms, which are superimposed on a constant initial potential. |
| Elucidation | electrode that responds to one, or more than one, species in the solution being investigated, with no appreciable change of bulk solution composition during the measurement |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/I03006 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120907462 |
| Comment | If processes of interest occur both at the anode and the cathode of a cell (as in differential amperometry or controlled-current potentiometric titration with two indicator electrodes), the cell should be said to comprise two indicator or working electrodes. |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is indium |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is indium tin oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | ITO |
| Elucidation | electrode that serves only as a source or sink for electrons without playing a chemical role in the electrode reaction |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-08 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120907475 |
| Comment | Noble metals, mercury, and carbon are typically used as (nearly) inert electrodes. |
| Elucidation | an electrode at which the predominant electrochemical reaction is an intercalation |
| Alternative Label(s) | IntercalationElectrode |
| Elucidation | a spatial region at the interface between two bulk phases in contact, which is different chemically and physically from both phases in contact |
| Alternative Label(s) | InterfacialLayer |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/I03085 |
| Elucidation | A membrane having ion-exchange groups: |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.IT07155 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion-exchange_membrane |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21082486 |
| Elucidation | An ionic liquid is an electrolyte composed of a salt that is liquid below 100 °C. Ionic liquids have found uses in electrochemical analysis, because their unconventional properties include a negligible vapor pressure, a high thermal and electrochemical stability, and exceptional dissolution properties for both organic and inorganic chemical species. |
| Alternative Label(s) | IonicLiquid |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_liquid |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is iridium |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is iridium oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | IrO2Electrode |
| Elucidation | an electrode which contains mostly materials based on iron |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter F |
| Elucidation | an electrode in which the active material is iron disulfide |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is iron |
| Elucidation | an electrode which contains mostly materials based on iron phosphate |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter Fp |
| Elucidation | partial or complete external covering of a cell |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-20 |
| Comment | a jacket may be made of metal (insulated from the cell terminals), plastic, paper or other suitable material |
| Elucidation | For any electrolyte A_xB_y, the limiting molar conductivity is expressed as x times the limiting molar conductivity of A^{y+} and y times the limiting molar conductivity of B^{x-}. |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_conductivity#Kohlrausch's_law_of_independent_migration_of_ions |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3258329 |
| Comment | proposed by Friedrich Kohlrausch between 1875-1879 |
| Elucidation | the rate of the chemical reaction is directly proportional to the product of the activities or concentrations of the reactants |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_mass_action |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899494 |
| Comment | metal electrode in which the active material is lead |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lead oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | PbOElectrode |
| Elucidation | unplanned escape of electrolyte, gas or other material from a cell or battery |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-32 |
| Elucidation | an aqueous mixture of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride |
| Elucidation | material used to seal the cell lid to the case or to the terminals of a cell |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-16 |
| Elucidation | signal where an electric current is varied linearly from an initial current, typically 0 A |
| Elucidation | Signal where the electric potential is varied linearly from an initial potential. |
| Elucidation | an electrolyte in the liquid phase. |
| Elucidation | a liquid electrode with an active material of gallium |
| Elucidation | any junction between two electrolyte solutions of different composition. |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/L03584 |
| Comment | Across such a junction there arises a potential difference, called the liquid junction potential. |
| Elucidation | an electrode that uses a liquid metal |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_metal_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6557456 |
| Comment | they can be used in electrocapillarity, voltammetry, and impedance measurements |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium cobalt oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | LCOElectrode |
| Elucidation | metal electrode in which the active material is lithium |
| Elucidation | a solution of lithium hydroxide (LiOH) dissolved in water (H2O) |
| Alternative Label(s) | AqueousLithiumHydroxideSolution, LiOHSolution |
| Elucidation | an insertion electrode in which the guest molecule is lithium |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium iron phosphate |
| Alternative Label(s) | LFPElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium manganese iron phosphate |
| Alternative Label(s) | LMFPElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium manganese oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | LMOElectrode |
| Elucidation | an electrode with blended lithium manganese oxide (LMO) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) active materials |
| Alternative Label(s) | LMOLFPElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium manganese phosphate |
| Alternative Label(s) | LMPElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | NCAElectrode |
| Elucidation | an electrode with blended lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) and lithium manganese oxide (LMO) active materials |
| Alternative Label(s) | NMCLMOElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium nickel manganese cobalt |
| Alternative Label(s) | NMCElectrode |
| Elucidation | an electrode with blended lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) and lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) active materials |
| Alternative Label(s) | NMCLCOElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium nickel manganese oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | LNMOElectrode |
| Elucidation | an electrode with blended lithium nickel manganese oxide (LNMO) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) active materials |
| Alternative Label(s) | LNMOLFPElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium nickel oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | LNOElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium titanate |
| Alternative Label(s) | LTOElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is lithium vanadium oxide |
| Comment | metal electrode in which the active material is magnesium |
| Elucidation | an insertion electrode in which the guest molecule is magnesium |
| Elucidation | an electrode which contains mostly materials based on manganese |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter M |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is manganese dioxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | MnO2Electrode |
| Elucidation | an electrode which contains mostly materials based on manganese phosphate |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter Mp |
| Elucidation | liquid metal electrode used in polarography |
| Alternative Label(s) | HgElectrode, HgElectrode |
| Comment | A mercury film electrode (MFE) or thin mercury film electrode (TMFE) is formed by coating a conducting substrate, usually glassy carbon, with a layer of mercury (thin film, amalgam, or array of microdrops), often by electrodeposition from a solution containing Hg(II). The electrode area is normally in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 cm2 and mercury film thickness typically ranges from 10 to 1000 nm, producing a film of large surface area-to-volume ratio that results in a high analyte pre-concentration during the deposition step of anodic stripping voltammetry. Compared to an HMDE, the MFE provides high sensitivity and resolution; however, it is somewhat less reproducible and more prone to interferences from intermetallic formation and surface-active substances. |
| Elucidation | an electrode in which the actve electrochemical material is a metal |
| Comment | the term metal is meant to loosely cover alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, post-transition metals, and metalloids |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is a metal oxide |
| Elucidation | constant voltage charge where the electric current is limited to a predetermined value |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-50 |
| Elucidation | case with multiple separate cell compartments |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-18 |
| Elucidation | ridges in the bottom of the case which support the plate pack (electrode stack) and thus create a space which allows the active material detached from the plates (electrodes) to settle without causing a short-circuit between the plates (electrodes) |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-18 |
| Elucidation | an aqueous electrolyte with a nominal pH value between 4 and 10. |
| Alternative Label(s) | NearNeutralAqueousElectrolyte, NearNeutralSolution |
| Comment | this covers the pH domain typically described as "weakly acidic", "neutral", and "weakly alkaline" |
| Elucidation | for a device having two electrodes, that electrode having the lower electric potential |
| Alternative Label(s) | NegativePlate, NegativePlate |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=151-13-04 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120907506 |
| Comment | by convention, an oxidation reaction occurs during discharge |
| Elucidation | accessible conductive part provided for the connection of an external electric circuit to the negative electrode of the cell |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-24 |
| Elucidation | an equation relating the limiting molar conductivity Λ_m^0 to the ionic diffusion coefficients. |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_relation_(kinetic_theory)#Nernst%E2%80%93Einstein_equation |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9325636 |
| Comment | \Lambda_m^0 = (F^2/(R*T)) * (v_{+} * z_{+}^2 * D_{+} + v_{–} * z_{–}^2 * D_{–}) |
| Elucidation | An equation that relates the reduction potential of an electrochemical reaction (half-cell or full cell reaction) to the standard electrode potential, temperature, and activities (often approximated by concentrations) of the chemical species undergoing reduction and oxidation. |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nernst_equation |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q751124 |
| Comment | An expression of the Law of Mass Action. |
| Elucidation | insertion or removal of electrons into or from ions to obtain particles having zero electric charge |
| Alternative Label(s) | Neutralization |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-11 |
| Elucidation | an electrode which contains mostly materials based on nickel |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter N |
| Alternative Label(s) | metal electrode in which the active material is nickel |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is nickel oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | NiOElectrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is nickel oxyhydroxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | NiOOHElectrode, NickelOxyhydroxideElectrode |
| Elucidation | an ion-transport medium that does not contain water. |
| Alternative Label(s) | NonAqueousElectrolyticSolution, NonAqueousSolution |
| Elucidation | an electrode that holds its potential essentially constant by efficiently allowing electric current to pass |
| Comment | this is a desirable characteristic for a reference electrode |
| Elucidation | cell from which electrolyte cannot escape regardless of its orientation |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-16 |
| Comment | some vented cells or batteries are designed so as to be non-spillable when operated within the limits specified by the manufacturer |
| Elucidation | potential of a platinum electrode in 1 M acid solution. |
| Alternative Label(s) | NHE |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115694592 |
| Comment | hydrogen gas at 1 atm pressures is bubbled through the acid solution |
| Elucidation | plots of the out of phase vs. the in phase component of the impedance for all the frequencies tested in an impedimetry measurement |
| Alternative Label(s) | ComplexPlanePlot, NyquistDiagram |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist_stability_criterion#Nyquist_plot |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333343 |
| Elucidation | an electrolyte solution with an organic solvent |
| Elucidation | cable used for the electrical connection of the battery terminals and the load and/or the charger |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-36 |
| Elucidation | continued charging of a fully charged secondary cell or battery |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-44 |
| Comment | overcharge is also the act of charging beyond a certain limit specified by the manufacturer |
| Elucidation | a gas diffusion electrode in which the active material is oxygen (O2) |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 12 mm, width of 103 mm, and height of 310 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P12/103/310 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 12 mm, width of 120 mm, and height of 80 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P12/120/80 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 12 mm, width of 120 mm, and height of 81 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | HEV2, P12/120/81 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 12 mm, width of 120 mm, and height of 85 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P12/120/85 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 13 mm, width of 120 mm, and height of 85 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | HEV1, P13/120/85 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 17 mm, width of 148 mm, and height of 91 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P17/148/91, PHEV2 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 18 mm, width of 65 mm, and height of 140 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P18/65/140 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 18 mm, width of 68 mm, and height of 107 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P18/68/107 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 20 mm, width of 100 mm, and height of 141 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P20/100/141 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 21 mm, width of 148 mm, and height of 128 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P21/148/128 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 21 mm, width of 173 mm, and height of 85 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P21/173/85, PHEV1 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 27 mm, width of 148 mm, and height of 129 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P27/148/129 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 27 mm, width of 148 mm, and height of 91 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P27/148/91 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 27 mm, width of 148 mm, and height of 98 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P27/148/98 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 27 mm, width of 70 mm, and height of 102 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P27/70/102 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 27 mm, width of 70 mm, and height of 120 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P27/70/120 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 27 mm, width of 70 mm, and height of 131 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P27/70/131 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 29 mm, width of 135 mm, and height of 214 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P29/135/214 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 32 mm, width of 173 mm, and height of 115 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | BEV1, P32/173/115 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 32 mm, width of 173 mm, and height of 225 |
| Alternative Label(s) | BEV3, P32/173/225 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 40 mm, width of 148 mm, and height of 95 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | P40/148/95 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 45 mm, width of 173 mm, and height of 115 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | BEV2, P45/173/115 |
| Elucidation | a prismatic case with a nominal length of 45 mm, width of 173 mm, and height of 225 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | BEV4, P45/173/225 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is palladium |
| Elucidation | arrangement of cells or batteries wherein all the positive terminals and all the negative terminals, respectively, are connected together. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-39 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302489 |
| Elucidation | arrangement of cells or batteries wherein parallel connected cells or batteries are connected in series. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-40 |
| Elucidation | an unwanted side reaction |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-07 |
| Comment | in a galvanic cell, parasitic reactions may cause inefficiencies or loss of performance |
| Elucidation | an interfacial layer of an electrode surface, that causes the electrode to become passivated |
| Elucidation | plate in which the active material is applied as a paste to a conductive current collector |
| Alternative Label(s) | PastedElectrode |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-03 |
| Elucidation | a solution of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) dissolved in water (H2O) |
| Elucidation | electrolytic cell in which a chemical reaction is influenced by the absorption of light. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-04-19 |
| Elucidation | assembly of plates of the same polarity electrically connected together |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-04 |
| Elucidation | foil, wire, disc, or mesh electrode made of platinum, which is the most commonly used metallic working electrode in electrochemistry |
| Alternative Label(s) | PtElectrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20851363 |
| Comment | Pt has a very small overpotential for hydrogen evolution, which determines the negative potential limit in protic solvents. Pt adsorbs hydrogen, resulting in hydrogen adsorption/desorption waves. However, the positive potential limit in polar aprotic solvents free of oxygen and water is higher than that for any other commonly used electrode materials. In the presence of water and/or oxygen, Pt forms a film of oxide (and/or chemisorbed oxygen), resulting in potentially interfering waves or peaks. |
| Elucidation | reversing of the polarities of the electrodes of a cell, generally due to over-discharge of a low-capacity cell in a series arrangement |
| Alternative Label(s) | CellReversal |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-03 |
| Elucidation | electrode whose potential changes with an applied potential |
| Elucidation | a polymer matrix capable of ion conduction |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_electrolytes |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107223477 |
| Elucidation | porous electrodes consist of porous matrices of a single reactive electronic conductor or a mixture of solids that include essentially non-conducting, reactive materials in addition to electronic conductors. An electrolytic solution fills the void spaces of the porous matrix. |
| Elucidation | a separator with a porosity greater than 0 |
| Elucidation | for a device having two electrodes, that electrode having the higher electric potential |
| Alternative Label(s) | PositivePlate, PositivePlate |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=151-13-05 |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120907518 |
| Comment | by convention, a reduction reaction occurs during discharge |
| Elucidation | accessible conductive part provided for the connection of an external electric circuit to the positive electrode of the cell |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-25 |
| Comment | electrode in which the active material is potassium |
| Elucidation | a solution of potassium hydroxide (LiOH) dissolved in water (H2O) |
| Alternative Label(s) | AqueousPotassiumHydroxideSolution, KOHSolution |
| Elucidation | an insertion electrode in which the guest molecule is potassium |
| Elucidation | Rapid, transient change in the amplitude of an electric potential, from a baseline value to a higer or lower value, followed by a rapid return to the baseline value. |
| Elucidation | plot of the time-dependence of instantaneous electric potential following a change in applied current |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectricPotentialTimeCurve, ElectricPotentialTimePlot, PotentialTimeCurve |
| Elucidation | two-step electrochemical measurement in which 1) material is accumulated at an electrode and 2) the material is removed by chemical reaction or electrochemically at constant current with measurement of electrode potential |
| Alternative Label(s) | PSA, PSA, PSA, PSA |
| Comment | historically for the analysis of metal ions, mercury ions were added to the test solution to form a mercury amalgam when reduced. Alternatively, an HMDE or MFE was used and the oxidizing agent added after amalgam formation. However, the toxicity of mercury and its compounds have all but precluded the present-day use of mercury |
| Elucidation | Measuring instrument for electric current that controls the potential difference between a working electrode and a reference electrode and measures the electric current between a working electrode and an auxiliary electrode. |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiostat |
| Elucidation | a process in which the voltage is kept constant |
| Elucidation | a soft pouch case that is described by its length, width, and height |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter P |
| Elucidation | vent of special design which allows to release gas from a cell in order to avoid excessive internal pressure and thereby to preclude rupture or explosion of the cell container |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-41 |
| Elucidation | a rigid prismatic case that is described by characteristic length, width, and height |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter P |
| Elucidation | an insertion electrode in which the guest molecule is a proton (hydrogen) |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 10.0 mm and a height of 2.5 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 11.6 mm and a height of 10.8 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 11.6 mm and a height of 2.1 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R55 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 11.6 mm and a height of 2.6 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R56 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 11.5 mm and a height of 3.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 11.6 mm and a height of 3.1 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R54 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 11.6 mm and a height of 3.6 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R42 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 11.6 mm and a height of 4.2 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R43 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 11.6 mm and a height of 5.4 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R44 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 12.5 mm and a height of 1.6 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 12.5 mm and a height of 2.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 12.05 mm and a height of 2.5 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 15.8 mm and a height of 11.1 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R52 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 16.0 mm and a height of 1.6 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 16.0 mm and a height of 3.2 mm |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 18 mm and height of 65 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R18/65, R1865 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 19 mm and height of 66 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R19/66 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 20.0 mm and a height of 1.2 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 20.0 mm and a height of 1.6 mm |
| Comment | often used in wrist watches |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 20.0 mm and a height of 2.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 20.0 mm and a height of 2.5 mm |
| Comment | often used in wrist watches and automobile remotes |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 20.0 mm and a height of 3.2 mm |
| Comment | very common case for lithim metal cells |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 20.0 mm and a height of 4.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 20.0 mm and a height of 5.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 21 mm and height of 70 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R21/70, R2170 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 23.0 mm and a height of 2.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin cell case with a nominal diameter of 23.0 mm and a height of 2.5 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R23/3 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 23.0 mm and a height of 3.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 23.0 mm and a height of 3.5 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 23.0 mm and a height of 5.4 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 24.5 mm and a height of 1.2 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 24.5 mm and a height of 3.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 24.5 mm and a height of 5.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 24.5 mm and a height of 7.7 mm |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 26 mm and height of 65 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R26/65 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 26 mm and height of 70 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R26/70 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 27 mm and height of 66 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R27/66 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 30.0 mm and a height of 3.2 mm |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 32 mm and height of 134 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R32/134 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 32 mm and height of 70 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R32/70 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 38 mm and height of 136 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R38/136 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 38 mm and height of 138 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R38/138 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 40 mm and height of 108 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R40/108 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 40 mm and height of 92 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R40/92 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 4.8 mm and a height of 1.6 mm |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 46 mm and height of 80 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R46/80, R4680 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 5.8 mm and a height of 1.3 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 5.8 mm and a height of 1.6 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R62 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 5.8 mm and a height of 2.1 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R63 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 5.8 mm and a height of 2.7 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R64 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 54 mm and height of 137 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R54/137 |
| Elucidation | a cylindrical case with a nominal diameter of 54 mm and height of 215 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R54/215 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 6.8 mm and a height of 1.65 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R65 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 6.8 mm and a height of 2.1 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R60 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 6.8 mm and a height of 2.6 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R66 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 6.8 mm and a height of 2.6 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R66 |
| Comment | often used in wrist watches |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 7.9 mm and a height of 1.3 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 7.9 mm and a height of 1.65 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R67 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 7.9 mm and a height of 2.1 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R58 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 7.9 mm and a height of 2.6 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R59 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 7.9 mm and a height of 3.1 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R41, a coin case with a nominal diameter of 7.9 mm and a height of 3.6 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 7.9 mm and a height of 5.4 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R48 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 15.5 mm and a height of 6.0 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 9.5 mm and a height of 1.6 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R68 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 9.5 mm and a height of 2.1 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R69 |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 9.5 mm and a height of 2.6 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R57 |
| Alternative Label(s) | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 9.5 mm and a height of 2.7 mm |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 9.3 mm and a height of 3.2 mm |
| Comment | 8 of these in series are used to form an A23 battery |
| Elucidation | a coin case with a nominal diameter of 9.5 mm and a height of 3.6 mm |
| Alternative Label(s) | R45 |
| Elucidation | a measurement of one or more quantities, usually at a given time |
| Elucidation | an electrode in the shapre of a rectangle |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-15 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/R05229 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653954 |
| Comment | Electrode that maintains an essentially constant potential under the conditions prevailing in an electrochemical measurement, and that serves for observation, measurement, or control of the potential of the indicator or working electrode. |
| Elucidation | a practical hydrogen electrode whose potential depends on the pH of the solution |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversible_hydrogen_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900576 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is rhodium |
| Elucidation | A disc electrode that is embedded in the centre of a cylinder which rotates in solution around the longitudinal cylinder axis. |
| Alternative Label(s) | RDE, RDE |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotating_disk_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3587619 |
| Comment | The current is directly proportional to the electrode area and the electrode is uniformly accessible. |
| Elucidation | a second annular working electrode positioned concentric with a rotating disc electrode to make a rotating ring-disc electrode (RRDE) |
| Alternative Label(s) | RRDE |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotating_ring-disk_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5829908 |
| Comment | This arrangement is largely used in mechanistic studies. |
| Elucidation | a case that is described by its diameter and height |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter R |
| Elucidation | an electrode in the shape of a circle |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is ruthenium |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is ruthenium oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | RuO2Electrode |
| Elucidation | means of making electrolytic connection between two half cells without introducing a significant liquid junction potential. |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_bridge |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899119 |
| Comment | A typical construction is a tube of an inert material (e.g. agar agar) filled with a solution containing an electrolyte with approximately equal ion mobilities of the cation and the anion (e.g., KNO3, KCl), with the ends of the tube immersed in the electrolyte solution of the half cells. |
| Elucidation | A reference electrode based on the reaction between elemental mercury and mercury(I) chloride. |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturated_calomel_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898591 |
| Elucidation | solution which has the same concentration of a solute as one that is in equilibrium with undissolved solute at specified values of the temperature and pressure |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-01-14 |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.S05471 |
| Elucidation | cell which remains closed and does not release either gas or liquid when operated within the limits specified by the manufacturer |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-17 |
| Comment | a sealed cell may be equipped with a safety device to prevent a dangerously high internal pressure and is designed to operate during its life in its original sealed state |
| Elucidation | a combination of salts (mostly NaCl) dissolved in water |
| Elucidation | phenomenon by which a cell or battery loses energy in other ways than by discharge into an external circuit |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-27 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-discharge |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418367 |
| Elucidation | in an electrochemical cell, device made of insulating material permeable to the ions of the electrolyte and prohibiting totally or partially the mixing of the substances on both sides. |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrochemicalSeparator, ElectrochemicalSeparator |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-17 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separator_(electricity) |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1718181 |
| Comment | Membranes and diaphragms are special forms of electrochemical separators. |
| Elucidation | arrangement of cells or batteries wherein the positive terminal of each cell or battery is connected to the negative terminal of the next cell or battery in sequence. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-41 |
| Elucidation | arrangement of cells or batteries wherein in series connected cells or batteries are connected in parallel. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-42 |
| Elucidation | chemical reaction which occurs in addition to the main process |
| Alternative Label(s) | SecondaryReaction, SecondaryReaction |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-02-06 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side_reaction |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22117434 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is silicon |
| Elucidation | an electrode with blended silicon and graphite active materials |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is silicon oxide |
| Elucidation | an electrode with blended silicon oxide and graphite active materials |
| Elucidation | A type of reference electrode based on the reaction between sliver and silver chloride. |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_chloride_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900939 |
| Elucidation | electrode in the form of foil, mesh, wire, rod, tube, powder, pellets, or single crystal of silver |
| Alternative Label(s) | AgElectrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20851418 |
| Comment | Ag electrodes were first used in potentiometry for the determination of Cl−, Br−, I−, as well as for Ag+ ions, to which they are sensitive. |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is silver oxide |
| Elucidation | an electrode that is coated on only one side of the current collector |
| Elucidation | alternating current consistent with a sinusoidal waveform |
| Elucidation | Sinusoidal alternating potential of small amplitude (10 to 50 mV) of constant frequency (10 Hz to 100 kHz). |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium chromium oxide |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium cobalt oxide |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium cobalt phosphate |
| Comment | metal electrode in which the active material is sodium |
| Elucidation | a solution of sodium hydroxide (LiOH) dissolved in water (H2O) |
| Alternative Label(s) | AqueousSodiumHydroxideSolution, NaOHSolution |
| Elucidation | an insertion electrode in which the guest molecule is sodium |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium iron hexacyanoferrate |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium iron phosphate |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium manganese hexacyanoferrate |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium manganese oxide |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium manganese phosphate |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium metatitanate |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium nickel phosphate |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium titanium oxide |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sodium titanium phosphate |
| Elucidation | electrode made of a solid amalgam of an appropriate metal |
| Alternative Label(s) | SAE, SAE |
| Comment | Liquid and paste amalgams can also be used. |
| Alternative Label(s) | FastIonConductor, SolidStateElectrolyte |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_ion_conductor |
| Elucidation | an interfacial layer that forms between an electrode phase and and electrolyte phase, due to the decomposition of the electrolyte |
| Alternative Label(s) | SEI |
| Elucidation | an interphase formed when two materials with different chemical potentials are brought in contact with each other, and the atoms or electrons are unable to migrate to establish local charge neutrality |
| Alternative Label(s) | DepletionLayer, DepletionRegion, DepletionZone, JunctionRegion, SpaceChargeRegion |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=521-02-82 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depletion_region |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288224 |
| Elucidation | component of a cell made of insulating material intended to maintain the spacing between plates of opposite polarity or between the plate pack and the case |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-10 |
| Elucidation | an elastic device |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_(device) |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836 |
| Elucidation | Periodic potential where the amplitude alternates at a steady frequency between fixed minimum and maximum values, with the same duration at minimum and maximum. |
| Comment | In an ideal square wave, the transitions between minimum and maximum are instantaneous. |
| Elucidation | Square wave potential waveform superimposed to a linear potential ramp or a staircase potential ramp. |
| Elucidation | Successive current steps that form a signal with a staircase waveform. |
| Elucidation | Successive steps of electric potential that form a staircase waveform. |
| Elucidation | for solutions in protic solvents, the universal reference electrode for which, under standard conditions, the standard electrode potential (H+ / H2) is zero at all temperatures |
| Alternative Label(s) | SHE |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/S05917 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_hydrogen_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898559 |
| Comment | Potential of a platinum electrode in a theoretical ideal solution (the current standard for zero potential for all temperatures) |
| Elucidation | describes the double layer as divided into two parts separated by the Stern plane, located about one hydrated ion radius from the electrode surface |
| Comment | proposed by Otto Stern in 1924 |
| Elucidation | the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and formulae, wherein the reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities on the right-hand side |
| Alternative Label(s) | ChemicalEquation, ChemicalReactionEquation |
| IUPAC Reference | https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.C01034 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_equation |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182527 |
| Elucidation | test carried out to measure the loss of capacity, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current or other quantities after storage under specified conditions |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-03-45 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is strontium |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is sulfur |
| Elucidation | a solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) dissolved in water (H2O) |
| Elucidation | type of capacitor characterized by high capacitance, high specific and volumetric energy density, and low voltage limits |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-03 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercapacitor |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754523 |
| Elucidation | electrolyte solution, the ions of which are electroinactive in the range of applied potential being studied, and whose ionic strength (and, therefore, contribution to the overall conductivity) is usually much greater than the concentration of an electroactive substance to be dissolved in it. |
| Alternative Label(s) | BaseElectrolyte, IndifferentElectrolyte, InertElectrolyte |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/S06149 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supporting_electrolyte |
| Elucidation | a container for an electrochemical cell manufactured by the company Swagelok |
| Elucidation | conductive part of a device, electric circuit or electric network, provided for connecting that device, electric circuit or electric network to one or more external conductors |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-22 |
| Elucidation | cover of insulating material used to avoid electric contact with the cell or battery terminal |
| Alternative Label(s) | TerminalCover |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-23 |
| Elucidation | unstable condition arising during constant voltage charge in which the rate of heat dissipation capability, causing a continuous temperature increase with resulting further charge current increase, which can lead to the destruction of the battery |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-54 |
| Comment | in lithium batteries thermal runaway may cause melting of lithium |
| Elucidation | electrochemical cell that has two half-cells separated by a wall permeable to ions, both containing the same electrolyte differing only in their temperatures. |
| Alternative Label(s) | Thermocell |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=114-03-09 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermogalvanic_cell |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25304247 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is thionyl chloride |
| Elucidation | electrochemical cell with a working electrode, reference electrode, and auxiliary electrode |
| Alternative Label(s) | ThreeElectrodeElectrochemicalCell, ThreeElectrodeElectrochemicalCell |
| Comment | A potentiostat can be used to maintain a potential difference between the working and ref- erence electrodes. |
| Elucidation | measurement of time |
| Elucidation | a series of data points indexed in time order |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_series |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588 |
| Elucidation | a vector of discrete times |
| Elucidation | a time series of electrical quantities |
| Comment | metal electrode in which the active material is tin |
| Elucidation | an electrode which contains mostly materials based on titanium |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter T |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is titanium dioxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | TiO2Electrode |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is titanium |
| Elucidation | considers the effects of specific adsorbed ions in the double layer |
| Comment | proposed by Sergio Trasatti and Giovanni Buzzanca in 1971 |
| Elucidation | Linear ramp of electric current followed by a reversal to the initial current (typically I=0), both at the same current change rate. |
| Elucidation | Linear ramp of electric potential, followed by a reversal to the initial potential. Both forward and reversed signal ramps are applied at the same scan rate. |
| Elucidation | positive plate (electrode) which is either composed of an assembly of porous tube of perforated metal or tissue either a gauntlet with or without a central current collector spine, the active material being placed within the tubes |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-07 |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is tungsten |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is tungsten oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | WO3Electrode |
| Elucidation | charging method applied to a secondary battery using two levels of charge rate with feedback control to initiate the changeover from a high to a low charge rate |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-48 |
| Elucidation | component of a cell which permits the flow of gas in one direction only |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-02-12 |
| Comment | a valve has a characteristic venting or opening and closing pressure |
| Elucidation | an electrode which contains mostly materials based on vanadium |
| Comment | often represented in cell designations by the letter V |
| Elucidation | component fitted into the filling hole of a cell with a provision of allowing the venting of electrolysis gas from the cell¨ |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-23 |
| Elucidation | secondary cell having a cover provided with an opening through which products of electrolysis and evaporation are allowed to escape freely from the cell to the atmosphere |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=482-05-14 |
| Elucidation | a process in which the voltage is controlled |
| Elucidation | measurement of the electric potential between the terminals of an electrochemical cell |
| Alternative Label(s) | ElectrochemicalCellVoltageMeasurement |
| Elucidation | vector containing at least two values for the quantity voltage |
| Elucidation | current-potential curve in a voltammetry experiment |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltammetry#Voltammograms |
| Elucidation | instrument intended to measure the value of a voltage. |
| IEC Reference | https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=313-01-03 |
| Elucidation | a spring made of pre-hardened flat wire, formed into a wavy washer shape |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_spring |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11288626 |
| Elucidation | electrode at which one or more electroactive substances undergo reaction in the solution being investigated |
| IUPAC Reference | https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/W06686 |
| Wikipedia Reference | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_electrode |
| Wikidata Reference | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477099 |
| Comment | If processes of interest occur both at the anode and the cathode of a cell (as in differential amperometry or controlled-current potentiometric titration with two indicator electrodes), the cell should be said to comprise two indicator or working electrodes. |
| Elucidation | a solution of zinc chloride (ZnCl) dissolved in water (H2O) |
| Alternative Label(s) | AqueousZincChlorideSolution |
| Elucidation | metal electrode in which the active material is zinc |
| Elucidation | an insertion electrode in which the guest molecule is zinc |
| Elucidation | electrode in which the active material is zinc oxide |
| Alternative Label(s) | ZnOElectrode |