@prefix : <http://emmo.info/emmo#> .
@prefix core: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix emmo: <http://emmo.info/emmo#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix term: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix xml: <http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

:EMMO_5022e4cb_125f_429d_8556_c3e635c561f2 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasTemporalItemPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_057d0573_6ac0_4c27_9e3f_3c29205fd104 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_36a4c1ca_5085_49ca_9e13_4c70d00c50a5 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ;
    core:prefLabel "hasDeducer"@en .

emmo:EMMO_09007bc0_b5f2_4fb9_af01_caf948cf2044 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8681074a_e225_4e38_b586_e85b0f43ce38 ;
    core:prefLabel "Java"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0a318776_b067_4de0_a2a6_cba2cf6333f8 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_48716718_225f_4c88_89e2_d819d30c90a2,
        emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:intersectionOf ( emmo:EMMO_48716718_225f_4c88_89e2_d819d30c90a2 emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "IdiomaticSymbol"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0b1502e2_d12f_4ff3_83b1_eeedf9382954 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The relation between a process and the entity that represents how things have turned out."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_8e52c42b_e879_4473_9fa1_4b23428b392b ;
    core:prefLabel "hasOutcome"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0ef4ff4a_5458_4f2a_b51f_4689d472a3f2 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0c576e13_4ee7_4f3d_bfe9_1614243df018 ;
    core:prefLabel "Curve"@en .

emmo:EMMO_135ab8ea_e028_439e_be64_3e0f9734ea2b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A process occurring by natural (non-intentional) laws."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persistence#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    core:altLabel "NonIntentionalProcess"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "NaturalProcess"@en .

emmo:EMMO_1440d010_e4c5_4597_8858_1d58cb1fb28f a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_d9589ed2_5304_48b3_9795_11bf44e64e9b ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9ee42d6b_7242_4a8d_967e_79f8f1c7fe29 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasStatus"@en .

emmo:EMMO_1da53c06_9577_4008_8652_272fa3b62be7 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Graphical' that stands for a real world object that shows a recognizable pictorial pattern without being necessarily associated to a symbolic language."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """A drawing of a cat.
A circle on a paper sheet.
The Mona Lisa."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c74da218_9147_4f03_92d1_8894abca55f3 ;
    core:prefLabel "Pictorial"@en .

emmo:EMMO_23b579e1_8088_45b5_9975_064014026c42 a owl:DatatypeProperty,
        owl:FunctionalProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topDataProperty ;
    core:prefLabel "hasSymbolData"@en .

emmo:EMMO_25f5ca8e_8f7f_44d8_a392_bd3fe8894458 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_9268958f_7f54_48ab_a693_febe2645892b ;
    core:prefLabel "Plane"@en .

emmo:EMMO_297999d6_c9e4_4262_9536_bd524d1c6e21 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_669d2749_bece_460a_b26a_9a909fd8ca4d ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasIndex"@en .

emmo:EMMO_2eb10b5b_900b_44d7_af85_4de9a3729474 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The relation between a process whole and a temporal part of the same type."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce,
        emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591,
        emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasInterval"@en .

emmo:EMMO_35c29eb6_f57e_48d8_85af_854f9e926e77 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "The relation between a process P and an object whole O that overcrosses it. The intersection between P and O is a participant of P."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_53e5b1e1_6026_4ddc_8a4a_3aaaa5fdbdb7 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasTemporaryParticipant"@en .

emmo:EMMO_39362460_2a97_4367_8f93_0418c2ac9a08 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0ab0485c_9e5b_4257_a679_90a2dfba5c7c ;
    core:prefLabel "Point"@en .

emmo:EMMO_39c3815d_8cae_4c8f_b2ff_eeba24bec455 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_881606d0_6f2f_4947_bc8b_75c5b7b2b688 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasIcon"@en .

emmo:EMMO_3c218fbe_60c9_4597_8bcf_41eb1773af1f a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin vacuus, “empty”." ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Physical' with no 'Massive' parts."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_70dac51e_bddd_48c2_8a98_7d8395e91fc2 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:intersectionOf ( emmo:EMMO_70dac51e_bddd_48c2_8a98_7d8395e91fc2 [ a owl:Class ;
                        owl:complementOf emmo:EMMO_5b2222df_4da6_442f_8244_96e9e45887d1 ] ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Vacuum"@en .

emmo:EMMO_3c7f239f_e833_4a2b_98a1_c88831770c1b a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_f76884f7_964e_488e_9bb7_1b2453e9e817 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_dba27ca1_33c9_4443_a912_1519ce4c39ec ;
    core:prefLabel "hasComponent"@en .

emmo:EMMO_3e309118_e8b7_4021_80f4_642d2df65d94 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0c576e13_4ee7_4f3d_bfe9_1614243df018 ;
    core:prefLabel "Line"@en .

emmo:EMMO_432192c4_111f_4e80_b7cd_c6ce1c1129ea a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ;
    core:prefLabel "Spacing"@en .

emmo:EMMO_499e24a5_5072_4c83_8625_fe3f96ae4a8d a owl:AsymmetricProperty,
        owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_555d0261_da5e_4301_b7f9_46f604a32e91 ;
    core:altLabel "isTemporalNextOf"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "isTimeContactWith"@en .

emmo:EMMO_4b32fc1e_5293_4247_9e8d_1175df9f1c0b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that satisfy a whole defining criteria (i.e. belongs to a subclass of whole) and have no proper parts that satisfy that same criteria (no parts that are of the same type of the whole)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_aaad78a9_abaf_4f97_9c1a_d763a94c4ba3,
        emmo:EMMO_f055e217_0b1b_4e7e_b8be_7340211b0c5e ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:intersectionOf ( emmo:EMMO_aaad78a9_abaf_4f97_9c1a_d763a94c4ba3 emmo:EMMO_f055e217_0b1b_4e7e_b8be_7340211b0c5e ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "StrictFundamental"@en .

emmo:EMMO_50ea1ec5_f157_41b0_b46b_a9032f17ca10 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A physical made of more than one symbol sequentially arranged."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """The word "cat" considered as a collection of 'symbol'-s respecting the rules of english language.

In this example the 'symbolic' entity "cat" is not related to the real cat, but it is only a word (like it would be to an italian person that ignores the meaning of this english word).

If an 'interpreter' skilled in english language is involved in a 'semiotic' process with this word, that "cat" became also a 'sign' i.e. it became for the 'interpreter' a representation for a real cat."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A string is made of concatenated symbols whose arrangement is one-dimensional. Each symbol can have only one previous and one next neighborhood (bidirectional list)."@en,
        "A string is not requested to respect any syntactic rule: it's simply directly made of symbols."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_89a0c87c_0804_4013_937a_6fe234d9499c ;
    core:prefLabel "String"@en .

emmo:EMMO_51e72e5c_ab21_4d0e_ad9f_b168eca89cf4 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_881606d0_6f2f_4947_bc8b_75c5b7b2b688 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ;
    core:prefLabel "hasCognised"@en .

emmo:EMMO_5369d256_5866_4729_adc2_1498ee9a4959 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ;
    core:prefLabel "hasCogniser"@en .

emmo:EMMO_5508b213_4386_4167_a6bd_6d7628909916 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a633c6f8_4269_4870_9b28_f5ca1783fd54 ;
    core:prefLabel "InitialStage"@en .

emmo:EMMO_5f278af9_8593_4e27_a717_ccc9e07a0ddf a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_46f0f8df_4dc6_418f_8036_10427a3a288e ;
    core:prefLabel "EuclideanSpace"@en .

emmo:EMMO_64aba1e5_24b7_4140_8eb4_676c35698e79 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A language object respecting the syntactic rules of C++."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8681074a_e225_4e38_b586_e85b0f43ce38 ;
    core:altLabel "C++"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "CPlusPlus"@en .

emmo:EMMO_663859e5_add3_4c9e_96fb_c99399de278d a owl:AsymmetricProperty,
        owl:InverseFunctionalProperty,
        owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A relation that establishes for the whole a univocal tessellation in spatio temporal parts." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/reductionistic#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_6e046dd0_9634_4013_b2b1_9cc468087c83,
        emmo:EMMO_74a75cf1_3418_4244_b43c_b5db94635d42 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasSpatialDirectIncidentalPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_6c228d96_ed6c_4029_8acb_b88c93594f1a a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a15cea10_9946_4d2b_95c5_cfc333fd2abb ;
    core:prefLabel "Antiparticle"@en .

emmo:EMMO_6dd685dd_1895_46e4_b227_be9f7d643c25 a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "URL to corresponding dpbedia entry."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:anyURI ;
    rdfs:seeAlso "https://wiki.dbpedia.org/" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso ;
    core:prefLabel "dbpediaReference"@en .

emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "Definitions are usually taken from Wiktionary"@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:seeAlso "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary"@en ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ;
    core:prefLabel "etymology"@en .

emmo:EMMO_70fe84ff_99b6_4206_a9fc_9a8931836d84 a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 """Precise and univocal description of an ontological entity in the framework of an axiomatic system.

A definition uses entities in an ontological system to identify other derivate ontological entities within the same system."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ;
    core:prefLabel "definition"@en .

emmo:EMMO_7329967c_3972_4c99_b478_84f66436620d a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_2553c342_fc28_47d8_8e19_7a98fa08f150 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9ee42d6b_7242_4a8d_967e_79f8f1c7fe29 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasSubObject"@en .

emmo:EMMO_74b05aed_66bf_43c8_aa2c_752a9ca8be03 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ;
    core:prefLabel "Numeral"@en .

emmo:EMMO_7fb7fe7e_bdf9_4eeb_adad_e384dd5285c6 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasInterpretant"@en .

emmo:EMMO_86060335_31c2_4820_b433_27c64aea0366 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_9268958f_7f54_48ab_a693_febe2645892b ;
    core:prefLabel "Torus"@en .

emmo:EMMO_9335cf09_431f_4613_9dab_ce4ceaca965b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A estimation of a property by a model."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "I calculate the electrical conductivity of an Ar-He plasma with the Chapman-Enskog method and use the value as property it."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1c0b22a2_be82_4fa8_9e2b_a569a625d442 ;
    core:altLabel "Simulation"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Modelling"@en .

emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:comment """Short enlightening explanation of an ontological entity aimed to facilitate the connection (interpretation) between the ontological concept and a real-world object.

An elucidation provides the meta-ontological semiotic relation that connects an entity within the ontology, to a real-world entity outside the ontology.

This process is subjective, depends on the agent that draws this connection (e.g. the EMMO user, a machine), and is independent (outside) from the ontology representational capabilities."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ;
    core:prefLabel "elucidation"@en .

emmo:EMMO_9be5fcc4_0d8b_481d_b984_6338d4b55588 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An observer that makes use of a measurement tool and provides a quantitative property."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_ea67caa5_2609_4e91_98ae_81103f2d5c25 ;
    core:prefLabel "Measurer"@en .

emmo:EMMO_a0a2ded8_54e8_408d_a6b0_7fd1b4d7d16d a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_36a4c1ca_5085_49ca_9e13_4c70d00c50a5 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_669d2749_bece_460a_b26a_9a909fd8ca4d ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ;
    core:prefLabel "hasDeduced"@en .

emmo:EMMO_a817035a_3e3c_4709_8ede_3205df3031a3 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ;
    core:prefLabel "Punctuation"@en .

emmo:EMMO_add2e29d_6d87_4b78_9706_588e25557093 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8681074a_e225_4e38_b586_e85b0f43ce38 ;
    core:prefLabel "Python"@en .

emmo:EMMO_ae2d1a96_bfa1_409a_a7d2_03d69e8a125a a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The relation between a process and an object participating to it, i.e. that is relevant to the process itself."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """Participation is a parthood relation: you must be part of the process to contribute to it. A participant whose 4D extension is totally contained within the process.

Participation is not under direct parthood since a process is not strictly related to reductionism, but it's a way to categorize temporal regions by the interpreters."""@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_13191289_6c2b_4741_93e1_82d53bd0e703 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_5ceab41b_2aea_4041_9e9c_a243f7562cee ;
    core:prefLabel "hasParticipant"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b1daa610_64c6_4935_94b8_a19db586a2f6 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The relation between a object whole and its spatial of the same type."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "A volume of 1 cc of milk within a 1 litre can be considered still milk as a whole. If you scale down to a cluster of molecules, than the milk cannot be considered a fluid no more (and then no more a milk)."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606,
        emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasPortion"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b2a234a8_579a_422c_9305_b8f7e72c76cd a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0c576e13_4ee7_4f3d_bfe9_1614243df018 ;
    core:prefLabel "Circle"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "Illustrative example of how the entity is used."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ;
    core:prefLabel "example"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b85e4738_500c_4e1b_bbe8_9e84190485d6 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d7e3e4ef_953f_4f72_a728_db1fbe1a811f ],
        emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ;
    core:prefLabel "isIndirectCauseFor"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b9522e56_1fac_4766_97e6_428605fabd3e a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A system which is mainly characterised by the spatial configuration of its elements."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ;
    core:prefLabel "Arrangement"@en .

emmo:EMMO_bafc17b5_9be4_4823_8bbe_ab4e90b6738c a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A process occurring with the active participation of an agent that designs and drives the process according to a specific objective (intention)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persistence#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    core:altLabel "DesignedProcess"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "IntentionalProcess"@en .

emmo:EMMO_bed2fe4c_dc7e_43a8_8200_6aac44030bff a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ;
    core:prefLabel "Letter"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c4bace1d_4db0_4cd3_87e9_18122bae2840 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The outcome of an intentional process."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The partial overlapping is required since the creating process is distinct with the process in which the product is used or consumed."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_53e5b1e1_6026_4ddc_8a4a_3aaaa5fdbdb7 ;
    core:altLabel "hasProduct"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "hasProcessOutput"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A text that add some information about the entity."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_c7b62dd7_063a_4c2a_8504_42f7264ba83f "A comment can be addressed to facilitate interpretation, to suggest possible usage, to clarify the concepts behind each entity with respect to other ontological apporaches."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:comment ;
    core:prefLabel "comment"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c84c6752_6d64_48cc_9500_e54a3c34898d a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:comment "URL to corresponding Wikipedia entry."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range xsd:anyURI ;
    rdfs:seeAlso "https://www.wikipedia.org/" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso ;
    core:prefLabel "wikipediaReference"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d271f202_4c1a_4d74_b86a_387c82034eb7 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_dc5dee4e_4305_4a21_8dd5_4e8311c98c73 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_0d829933_29e3_4e61_b3d3_88e6b9d0d0ce ;
    core:prefLabel "hasCharacterised"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d43af210_f854_4432_a891_ce3022e3b558 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_49804605_c0fe_4538_abda_f70ba1dc8a5d ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_5ceab41b_2aea_4041_9e9c_a243f7562cee ;
    core:prefLabel "hasSubProcess"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d7bf784a_db94_4dd9_861c_54f262846fbf a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_9268958f_7f54_48ab_a693_febe2645892b ;
    core:prefLabel "Sphere"@en .

emmo:EMMO_e13b2173_1dec_4b97_9ac1_1dc4b418612a a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ;
    core:prefLabel "UTF8"@en .

emmo:EMMO_e3850f08_8e79_454b_9d83_c517cab42857 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_f68858dd_64f4_4877_b7fb_70d04fbe5bab ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_5ceab41b_2aea_4041_9e9c_a243f7562cee ;
    core:prefLabel "hasConstitutiveProcess"@en .

emmo:EMMO_e4ee276b_3463_49b3_8d31_efc70ee3e9fb a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a633c6f8_4269_4870_9b28_f5ca1783fd54 ;
    core:prefLabel "FinalStage"@en .

emmo:EMMO_ebc8c324_8e7a_4b09_bcb5_306e0c461d24 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_210e7e99_c1cf_44cc_87c7_310a10ff068b ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9ee42d6b_7242_4a8d_967e_79f8f1c7fe29 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasBehaviour"@en .

emmo:EMMO_eeb8118c_b290_4f57_b0f8_bd65bb6d77ad a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_cc823237_398d_4c9a_b8fa_aa157ee3e3a5 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasCharacteriser"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f13672a3_59cc_40ed_8def_65009a8f74e6 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_5b2222df_4da6_442f_8244_96e9e45887d1 ;
    core:prefLabel "AntiMatter"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f22abf74_4538_4f50_ab85_09908cdda707 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_a633c6f8_4269_4870_9b28_f5ca1783fd54 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9ee42d6b_7242_4a8d_967e_79f8f1c7fe29 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasStage"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f273529f_9f2c_4877_a94b_5b47590353fc a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A estimator that uses its predefined knowledge to declare a property of an object."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "I estimate the molecular mass of the gas in my bottle as 1.00784 u because it is tagged as H."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_4a1c73f1_b6f5_4d10_a3a6_5de90bac7cd0 ;
    core:prefLabel "Assigner"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f87e79eb_f549_4a06_9c27_a3d1412444c6 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_24dda193_ada8_433b_bb74_6ca4a0b89a20 ;
    core:prefLabel "Hyperon"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f93fe78b_9646_4a15_b88b_1c93686a764d a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A system whose is mainly characterised by the way in which elements are interconnected."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ;
    core:prefLabel "Network"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f94e509a_be29_4365_a4cd_70165e47e232 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A estimator that uses modelling to declare a property of an object (i.e. infer a property from other properties)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_4a1c73f1_b6f5_4d10_a3a6_5de90bac7cd0 ;
    core:prefLabel "Modeller"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c773cf3b_0810_4d07_bea7_af08cd88538e a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasTemporalCollectionPart"@en .

<http://emmo.info/emmo> a owl:Ontology ;
    term:abstract """Elemental Multiperspective Material Ontology (EMMO)

EMMO is a multidisciplinary effort to develop a standard representational framework (the ontology) based on current materials modelling knowledge, including physical sciences, analytical philosophy and information and communication technologies.

It provides the connection between the physical world, materials characterisation world and materials modelling world.

EMMO is released under a Creative Commons license Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)."""@en ;
    term:contributor "Access, DE",
        "Fraunhofer IWM, DE",
        "Goldbeck Consulting Ltd (UK)",
        "SINTEF, NO",
        "University of Bologna, IT" ;
    term:creator "Adham Hashibon",
        "Emanuele Ghedini",
        "Georg Schmitz",
        "Gerhard Goldbeck",
        "Jesper Friis" ;
    term:license "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" ;
    term:publisher "EMMC ASBL" ;
    term:title "Elemental Multiperspective Material Ontology"@en ;
    rdfs:comment """Contacts:
Gerhard Goldbeck
Goldbeck Consulting Ltd (UK)
email: gerhard@goldbeck-consulting.com

Emanuele Ghedini
University of Bologna (IT)
email: emanuele.ghedini@unibo.it"""@en,
        "The EMMO requires FacT++ reasoner plugin in order to visualize all inferences and class hierarchy (ctrl+R hotkey in Protege)."@en ;
    owl:versionIRI <http://emmo.info/emmo/1.0.0-beta2> ;
    owl:versionInfo "1.0.0-beta2" .

<http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/manufacturing#EMMO_36e69413_8c59_4799_946c_10b05d266e22> a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The input of an intentional process."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_53e5b1e1_6026_4ddc_8a4a_3aaaa5fdbdb7 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasProcessInput"@en .

term:abstract a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> .

term:contributor a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> .

term:creator a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> .

term:license a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> .

term:publisher a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> .

term:title a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> .

rdfs:isDefinedBy rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:seeAlso .

owl:qualifiedCardinality a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> .

core:hiddenLabel a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range rdf:PlainLiteral ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:label .

emmo:EMMO_08cb807c_e626_447b_863f_e2835540e918 a emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf,
        emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d,
        emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de,
        owl:NamedIndividual,
        owl:Thing ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    core:prefLabel "Universe"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0a3f04a6_ba3a_49d9_99da_08b0e26f51f0 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 ;
    core:prefLabel "UpQuark"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0ab0485c_9e5b_4257_a679_90a2dfba5c7c a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b5957cef_a287_442d_a3ce_fd39f20ba1cd ;
    core:altLabel "0-manifold"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "ZeroManifold"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0d829933_29e3_4e61_b3d3_88e6b9d0d0ce a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_c9805ac9_a943_4be4_ac4b_6da64ba36c73 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a ;
    core:prefLabel "hasDeclared"@en .

emmo:EMMO_1ea2f3fc_da94_4685_99b4_352922fbc461 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 ;
    core:prefLabel "CharmQuark"@en .

emmo:EMMO_210e7e99_c1cf_44cc_87c7_310a10ff068b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A process which is an holistic temporal part of an object."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "Accelerating is a behaviour of a car."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0e1f2009_bf12_49d1_99f3_1422e5287d82,
        emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    core:prefLabel "Behaviour"@en .

emmo:EMMO_22a6f189_7ad7_424d_af15_5efe002c1365 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 ;
    core:prefLabel "StrangeQuark"@en .

emmo:EMMO_2469e4c6_ac2e_4c8f_b49f_7b2d2e277215 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A whole with spatial parts of its same type."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ;
    core:prefLabel "SpatiallyRedundant"@en .

emmo:EMMO_251cfb4f_5c75_4778_91ed_6c8395212fd8 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Property' that cannot be univocally determined and depends on an agent (e.g. a human individual, a community) acting as black-box."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """The beauty of that girl.
The style of your clothing."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment """The word subjective applies to property intrisically subjective or non-well defined. In general, when an black-box-like procedure is used for the definition of the property.

This happens due to e.g. the complexity of the object, the lack of a underlying model for the representation of the object, the non-well specified meaning of the property symbols.

A 'SubjectiveProperty' cannot be used to univocally compare 'Object'-s.

e.g. you cannot evaluate the beauty of a person on objective basis."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ;
    core:prefLabel "SubjectiveProperty"@en .

emmo:EMMO_2531fe94_1cdf_4f36_9abc_7ab7574310db a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that stand for muon elementary particles." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d324ae63_7574_4d73_b25b_96479e2626f2 ;
    core:prefLabel "Muon"@en .

emmo:EMMO_2553c342_fc28_47d8_8e19_7a98fa08f150 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An object which is an holistic temporal part of another object."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "If an inhabited house is considered as an house that is occupied by some people in its majority of time, then an interval of inhabited house in which occasionally nobody is in there is no more an inhabited house, but an unhinabited house, since this temporal part does not satisfy the criteria of the whole."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Here we consider a temporal interval that is lower than the characteristic time of the physical process that provides the causality connection between the object parts."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0e1f2009_bf12_49d1_99f3_1422e5287d82,
        emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ;
    core:prefLabel "SubObject"@en .

emmo:EMMO_2a888cdf_ec4a_4ec5_af1c_0343372fc978 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Property' that is determined by each 'Observer' following a well defined 'Observation' procedure through a specific perception channel."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """The word objective does not mean that each observation will provide the same results. It means that the observation followed a well defined procedure.

This class refers to what is commonly known as physical property, i.e. a measurable property of physical system, whether is quantifiable or not."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ;
    core:prefLabel "ObjectiveProperty"@en .

emmo:EMMO_3a948fa6_033a_4bb2_a319_36a45741d832 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d324ae63_7574_4d73_b25b_96479e2626f2 ;
    core:prefLabel "Tau"@en .

emmo:EMMO_46f0f8df_4dc6_418f_8036_10427a3a288e a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b5957cef_a287_442d_a3ce_fd39f20ba1cd ;
    core:altLabel "3-manifold"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "ThreeManifold"@en .

emmo:EMMO_49804605_c0fe_4538_abda_f70ba1dc8a5d a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A process which is an holistic spatial part of a process."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "Breathing is a subprocess of living for a human being."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """In the EMMO the relation of participation to a process falls under mereotopology.

Since topological connection means causality, then the only way for a real world object to participate to a process is to be a part of it."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce,
        emmo:EMMO_fcae603e_aa6e_4940_9fa1_9f0909cabf3b ;
    core:prefLabel "SubProcess"@en .

emmo:EMMO_4b3afb22_27cf_4ce3_88bc_492bfccb546b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer as a sound."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """When we use the term 'sound' what are we referring to? The EMMO identifis a sound as the physical object that can be heard by the observer (more exactly, by the sensor of the observer).

In this sense, a sound (which is an acoustical object) is to be identified as the air region that manifests the sound wave and is able to be perceived by an observer. In case the wave is travelling through water or steel, then these other media regions are the sounds.

If the waveform is travelling through a cable as electronic signal (analog or digital) it is no more a sound, since it cannot be perceived by an observer as an acoustical object. This electrical waveform (or digital packet) is another physical that may stand for a sound if interpreted by a device (e.g. an amplifier, a DA converter)."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment "'acoustical' refers to the perception mechanism of the observer that can occur through a microphone, a ear."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_649bf97b_4397_4005_90d9_219755d92e34 ;
    core:altLabel "Sound"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Auditory"@en .

emmo:EMMO_50967f46_51f9_462a_b1e4_e63365b4a184 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A molecule with more than one nucleus."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "Hydrogen molecule (H2)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3397f270_dfc1_4500_8f6f_4d0d85ac5f71 ;
    core:prefLabel "Heteronuclear"@en .

emmo:EMMO_676a29e6_d4e1_4b54_8961_25947bd20861 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_385b8f6e_43ac_4596_ad76_ac322c68b7ca,
        emmo:EMMO_b5a5494c_83bf_44aa_a9a6_49b948e68939 ;
    owl:equivalentClass emmo:EMMO_cc1b6be1_3102_4376_b33b_d8dd13f9be2f ;
    core:prefLabel "HIggsBoson"@en .

emmo:EMMO_6b7276a4_4b9d_440a_b577_0277539c0fc4 a owl:AsymmetricProperty,
        owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The relation between a collection and one of its items."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasMember"@en .

emmo:EMMO_6e046dd0_9634_4013_b2b1_9cc468087c83 a owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A proper part of the whole that is not Spatial or Temporal."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "This relation catche generic parts of a 4D object that does not fully cover the lifetime extent of the whole (spatial) nor the full spatial extent (temporal)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasSpatialIncidentalPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_808566db_b810_448d_8a54_48e7f6d30f36 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A whole with temporal parts of its same type."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ;
    core:prefLabel "TemporallyRedundant"@en .

emmo:EMMO_8f207971_aaab_48dc_a10d_55a6b4331410 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_649bf97b_4397_4005_90d9_219755d92e34 ;
    core:prefLabel "Somatosensory"@en .

emmo:EMMO_8f87e700_99a8_4427_8ffb_e493de05c217 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_50781fd9_a9e4_46ad_b7be_4500371d188d ;
    core:prefLabel "Proton"@en .

emmo:EMMO_a4edc1d4_bb38_4897_ba1e_f87e7aa31c5b a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 ;
    core:prefLabel "DownQuark"@en .

emmo:EMMO_a589e6b8_2f5b_4118_8522_cdc4c89578dc a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 ;
    core:prefLabel "TopQuark"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b2282816_b7a3_44c6_b2cb_3feff1ceb7fe a owl:AsymmetricProperty,
        owl:InverseFunctionalProperty,
        owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A relation that establishes for the whole a univocal tessellation in spatial parts." ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_36c79456_e29c_400d_8bd3_0eedddb82652 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/reductionistic#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_74a75cf1_3418_4244_b43c_b5db94635d42,
        emmo:EMMO_f68030be_94b8_4c61_a161_886468558054 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasSpatialDirectEssentialPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_be0a7278_b4e6_4bca_88ba_de3f67a478e2 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 ],
        emmo:EMMO_7b42954f_0b91_4b3a_a65e_2470202cf548,
        emmo:EMMO_b5a5494c_83bf_44aa_a9a6_49b948e68939 ;
    core:prefLabel "Meson"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c0f72631_d7c2_434c_9c26_5c44123df682 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A system driven by group of people to address a particular purpose in an organised way ."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ;
    core:prefLabel "Organisation"@en .

emmo:EMMO_cc823237_398d_4c9a_b8fa_aa157ee3e3a5 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d ;
    core:prefLabel "hasDeclarer"@en .

emmo:EMMO_ccdc1a41_6e96_416b_92ec_efe67917434a a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An heterogenous object made of different graphical object parts."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c74da218_9147_4f03_92d1_8894abca55f3 ;
    core:prefLabel "Document"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d37eeb84_895f_4c30_bf60_387b3314a1a6 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 ;
    core:prefLabel "BottomQuark"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d9588363_bf09_4d5d_95d3_cd9b203a3b61 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A symbolic object arranged by an agent in order to carry a structured set of symbols that can be interpreted as information following a convention."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ;
    core:prefLabel "Data"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d9589ed2_5304_48b3_9795_11bf44e64e9b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An object which is an holistic temporal part of a process."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "A semi-naked man is a status in the process of a man's dressing."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0e1f2009_bf12_49d1_99f3_1422e5287d82,
        emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ;
    core:prefLabel "Status"@en .

emmo:EMMO_dd14d055_2db0_4b81_bc97_ef6c2f72b8a0 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_649bf97b_4397_4005_90d9_219755d92e34 ;
    core:prefLabel "Gustatory"@en .

emmo:EMMO_df808271_df91_4f27_ba59_fa423c51896c a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_50781fd9_a9e4_46ad_b7be_4500371d188d ;
    core:prefLabel "Neutron"@en .

emmo:EMMO_e024544d_e374_45b7_9340_1982040bc6b7 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A molecule with only one nucleus."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "A helium molecule in a gas."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_3397f270_dfc1_4500_8f6f_4d0d85ac5f71 ;
    core:altLabel "ElementalMolecule"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Homonuclear"@en .

emmo:EMMO_e1021593_06da_4237_8a02_29d8f6fef76d a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_649bf97b_4397_4005_90d9_219755d92e34 ;
    core:prefLabel "Olfactory"@en .

emmo:EMMO_e1097637_70d2_4895_973f_2396f04fa204 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_dc5dee4e_4305_4a21_8dd5_4e8311c98c73 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_eb3518bf_f799_4f9e_8c3e_ce59af11453b ;
    core:prefLabel "hasProperty"@en .

emmo:EMMO_eb3518bf_f799_4f9e_8c3e_ce59af11453b a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_c9805ac9_a943_4be4_ac4b_6da64ba36c73 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasConvention"@en .

emmo:EMMO_eb3c61f0_3983_4346_a0c6_e7f6b90a67a8 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that stand for gravitons elementary particles."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """While this particle is only supposed to exist, the EMMO approach to classical and quantum systems represents fields as made of particles.

For this reason graviton is an useful concept to homogenize the approach between different fields."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e5488299_8dab_4ebb_900a_26d2abed8396 ;
    core:prefLabel "Graviton"@en .

emmo:EMMO_eb77076b_a104_42ac_a065_798b2d2809ad a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 """A standalone atom has direct part one 'nucleus' and one 'electron_cloud'.

An O 'atom' within an O2 'molecule' is an 'e-bonded_atom'.

In this material branch, H atom is a particular case, with respect to higher atomic number atoms, since as soon as it shares its electron it has no nucleus entangled electron cloud.

We cannot say that H2 molecule has direct part two H atoms, but has direct part two H nucleus."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment "An 'atom' is a 'nucleus' surrounded by an 'electron_cloud', i.e. a quantum system made of one or more bounded electrons."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_8043d3c6_a4c1_4089_ba34_9744e28e5b3d ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_f835f4d4_c665_403d_ab25_dca5cc74be52 ],
        emmo:EMMO_21205421_5783_4d3e_81e5_10c5d894a88a,
        emmo:EMMO_8b1367d6_0133_4b56_acc1_fa8b058169e3 ;
    core:altLabel "ChemicalElement" ;
    core:prefLabel "Atom"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f68858dd_64f4_4877_b7fb_70d04fbe5bab a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A process which is an holistic spatial part of an object."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "Blood circulation in a human body."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce,
        emmo:EMMO_fcae603e_aa6e_4940_9fa1_9f0909cabf3b ;
    core:prefLabel "ConstitutiveProcess"@en .

emmo:EMMO_13191289_6c2b_4741_93e1_82d53bd0e703 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An object which is an holistic spatial part of a process."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "A student during an examination."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606,
        emmo:EMMO_fcae603e_aa6e_4940_9fa1_9f0909cabf3b ;
    core:prefLabel "Participant"@en .

emmo:EMMO_15db234d_ecaf_4715_9838_4b4ec424fb13 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A class devoted to categorize 'Physical'-s according to their granularity relations, first in terms of time evolution (Existent) and then in terms of their composition (State), up to the spatial a-tomistic element (Elementary)."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Direct parthood is the relation used to build the class hierarchy (and the granularity hierarchy) for this perspective." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/reductionistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_36c79456_e29c_400d_8bd3_0eedddb82652 emmo:EMMO_52211e5e_d767_4812_845e_eb6b402c476a ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Reductionistic"@en .

emmo:EMMO_1c0b22a2_be82_4fa8_9e2b_a569a625d442 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A characterisation of an object without any actual interaction."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 ;
    core:prefLabel "Estimation"@en .

emmo:EMMO_1d5305d7_5690_4e5a_92de_4611e8c356ef a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_dbb2ae7f_9f47_41b3_bf68_d9bece864e2c ;
    core:prefLabel "ElectronNeutrino"@en .

emmo:EMMO_21205421_5783_4d3e_81e5_10c5d894a88a a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity." ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "Hydrogen molecule is an adequate definition of a certain molecular entity for some purposes, whereas for others it is necessary to distinguish the electronic state and/or vibrational state and/or nuclear spin, etc. of the hydrogen molecule.",
        "Methane, may mean a single molecule of CH4 (molecular entity) or a molar amount, specified or not (chemical species), participating in a reaction. The degree of precision necessary to describe a molecular entity depends on the context." ;
    rdfs:comment """Molecular entity is used as a general term for singular entities, irrespective of their nature, while chemical species stands for sets or ensembles of molecular entities.

Note that the name of a compound may refer to the respective molecular entity or to the chemical species,""" ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_5b2222df_4da6_442f_8244_96e9e45887d1 ;
    core:altLabel "ChemicalEntity" ;
    core:prefLabel "MolecularEntity"@en .

emmo:EMMO_21a13e48_e4e2_450b_ad03_d9a112daee87 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_385b8f6e_43ac_4596_ad76_ac322c68b7ca,
        emmo:EMMO_fd6559e8_ef94_460c_9dfc_bad5c68d63b4 ;
    core:prefLabel "WBoson"@en .

emmo:EMMO_25f8b804_9a0b_4387_a3e7_b35bce5365ee a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that stand for photons elementary particles."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e5488299_8dab_4ebb_900a_26d2abed8396,
        emmo:EMMO_fd6559e8_ef94_460c_9dfc_bad5c68d63b4 ;
    core:prefLabel "Photon"@en .

emmo:EMMO_3b19eab4_79be_4b02_bdaf_ecf1f0067a68 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A characterisation of an object with an actual interaction."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 ;
    core:prefLabel "Observation"@en .

emmo:EMMO_3f2e4ac2_8ef3_4a14_b826_60d37f15f8ee a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The superclass of all mereological EMMO relations."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The EMMO adheres to Atomistic General Extensional Mereology (AGEM)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ec2472ae_cf4a_46a5_8555_1556f5a6c3c5 ;
    core:prefLabel "mereological"@en .

emmo:EMMO_48716718_225f_4c88_89e2_d819d30c90a2 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A language object that follows syntactic rules of a an idiom (e.g. english, italian)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d8d2144e_5c8d_455d_a643_5caf4d8d9df8 ;
    core:prefLabel "Idiomatic"@en .

emmo:EMMO_517dfaf9_4970_41ac_81ee_d031627d2c7c a owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c ],
        emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c ;
    owl:equivalentProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_517dfaf9_4970_41ac_81ee_d031627d2c7c ] ;
    owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_517dfaf9_4970_41ac_81ee_d031627d2c7c ;
    core:prefLabel "isCausallyDisconnectedWith"@en .

emmo:EMMO_52211e5e_d767_4812_845e_eb6b402c476a a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Physical' which is a tessellation of 'State' temporal direct parts."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """'Existent' is the EMMO class to be used for representing real world physical objects under a reductionistic perspective (i.e. objects come from the composition of sub-part objects, both in time and space).

'Existent' class collects all individuals that stand for physical objects that can be structured in well defined temporal sub-parts called states, through the temporal direct parthood relation.

This class provides a first granularity hierarchy in time, and a way to axiomatize tessellation principles for a specific whole with a non-transitivity relation (direct parthood) that helps to retain the granularity levels.

e.g. a car, a supersaturated gas with nucleating nanoparticles, an atom that becomes ionized and then recombines with an electron."""@en,
        """An 'Existent' individual stands for a real world object for which the ontologist wants to provide univocal tessellation in time.

By definition, the tiles are represented by 'State'-s individual.

Tiles are related to the 'Existent' through temporal direct parthood, enforcing non-transitivity and inverse-functionality."""@en,
        """Being hasTemporalDirectPart a proper parthood relation, there cannot be 'Existent' made of a single 'State'.

Moreover, due to inverse functionality, a 'State' can be part of only one 'Existent', preventing overlapping between 'Existent'-s."""@en,
        "ex-sistere (latin): to stay (to persist through time) outside others of the same type (to be distinct from the rest)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/reductionistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:allValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_36c79456_e29c_400d_8bd3_0eedddb82652 ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_65a2c5b8_e4d8_4a51_b2f8_e55effc0547d ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_65a2c5b8_e4d8_4a51_b2f8_e55effc0547d ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_36c79456_e29c_400d_8bd3_0eedddb82652 ],
        emmo:EMMO_15db234d_ecaf_4715_9838_4b4ec424fb13 ;
    core:prefLabel "Existent"@en .

emmo:EMMO_65a2c5b8_e4d8_4a51_b2f8_e55effc0547d a owl:AsymmetricProperty,
        owl:InverseFunctionalProperty,
        owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A relation that establishes for the whole a univocal tessellation in temporal parts." ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_52211e5e_d767_4812_845e_eb6b402c476a ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/reductionistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_36c79456_e29c_400d_8bd3_0eedddb82652 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_74a75cf1_3418_4244_b43c_b5db94635d42,
        emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasTemporalDirectPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_6786b336_e982_4759_8dee_1905a4106591 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The relation between a whole and its mereological parts that are still holistic wholes."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "A volume of water has redundand parts other volumes of water. All this volumes have holistic parts some water molecules."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """The purpose of this relation is to provide a parhood relation that does not go deep enough, in terms of decomposition, to break the holistic definition of the whole.

On the contrary, the holistic parthood, is expected to go that deep."""@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_646cdc47_f955_4da3_9398_9aac0edf48a6,
        emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasRedundantPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_7db59e56_f68b_48b7_ae99_891c35ae5c3b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that stand for gluons elementary particles."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e5488299_8dab_4ebb_900a_26d2abed8396,
        emmo:EMMO_fd6559e8_ef94_460c_9dfc_bad5c68d63b4 ;
    core:prefLabel "Gluon"@en .

emmo:EMMO_83550665_c68c_4015_86a7_308c9dd2fb4b a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_dbb2ae7f_9f47_41b3_bf68_d9bece864e2c ;
    core:prefLabel "MuonNeutrino"@en .

emmo:EMMO_8785be5a_2493_4b12_8f39_31907ab11748 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_555d0261_da5e_4301_b7f9_46f604a32e91 ],
        [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_5a9e4f79_8d3d_448d_acc3_3ec24ba91604 ],
        emmo:EMMO_555d0261_da5e_4301_b7f9_46f604a32e91,
        emmo:EMMO_5a9e4f79_8d3d_448d_acc3_3ec24ba91604 ;
    owl:equivalentProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_8785be5a_2493_4b12_8f39_31907ab11748 ] ;
    owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_8785be5a_2493_4b12_8f39_31907ab11748 ;
    core:prefLabel "isSpaceContactWith"@en .

emmo:EMMO_89a0c87c_0804_4013_937a_6fe234d9499c a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A symbolic entity made of other symbolic entities according to a specific spatial configuration."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "This class collects individuals that represents arrangements of strings, or other symbolic compositions, without any particular predifined arrangement schema."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ],
        emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ;
    core:prefLabel "SymbolicConstruct"@en .

emmo:EMMO_8bb6b688_812a_4cb9_b76c_d5a058928719 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Semiotics"@en .

emmo:EMMO_cc1b6be1_3102_4376_b33b_d8dd13f9be2f a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "Since the only known scalar boson is the Higgs boson, the two classes are equivalent." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_385b8f6e_43ac_4596_ad76_ac322c68b7ca,
        emmo:EMMO_b5a5494c_83bf_44aa_a9a6_49b948e68939 ;
    core:prefLabel "ScalarBoson"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_6703954e_34c4_4a15_a9e7_f313760ae1a8 ],
        emmo:EMMO_6703954e_34c4_4a15_a9e7_f313760ae1a8 ;
    owl:equivalentProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d7e3e4ef_953f_4f72_a728_db1fbe1a811f ] ;
    owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d7e3e4ef_953f_4f72_a728_db1fbe1a811f ;
    core:prefLabel "isCauseFor"@en .

emmo:EMMO_e04884d9_eda6_487e_93d5_7722d7eda96b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The union of the object or process classes."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """The interest is on the 4D object as it extends in time (process) or as it persists in time (object):
- object (focus on spatial configuration)
- process (focus on temporal evolution)

The concepts of endurant and perdurant implicitly rely on the concept of instantaneous 3D snapshot of the world object, that in the EMMO is not allowed since everything extends in 4D and there are no abstract objects. Moreover, time is a measured property in the EMMO and not an objective characteristic of an object, and cannot be used as temporal index to identify endurant position in time.

For this reason an individual in the EMMO can always be classified both endurant and perdurant, due to its nature of 4D entity (e.g. an individual may belong both to the class of runners and the class of running process), and the distinction is purely semantic.  In fact, the object/process distinction is simply a matter of convenience in a 4D approach since a temporal extension is always the case, and stationarity depends upon observer time scale. For this reason, the same individual (4D object) may play the role of a process or of an object class depending on the object to which it relates.

Nevertheless, it is useful to introduce categorizations that characterize persistency through continuant and occurrent concepts, even if not ontologically but only cognitively defined. This is also due to the fact that our language distinguish between nouns and verbs to address things, forcing the separation between things that happens and things that persist.

This perspective provides classes conceptually similar to the concepts of endurant and perdurant (a.k.a. continuant and occurrent). We claim that this distinction is motivated by our cognitive bias, and we do not commit to the fact that both these kinds of entity “do really exist”. For this reason, a whole instance can be both process and object, according to different cognitive approaches (see Wonderweb D17).

The distinction between endurant and perdurant as usually introduced in literature (see BFO SPAN/SNAP approach) is then no more ontological, but can still be expressed through the introduction of ad hoc primitive definitions that follow the interpreter endurantist or perdurantist attitude."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persistence#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Persistence"@en .

emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A non-elemntary causal object."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ;
    core:prefLabel "CausalSystem"@en .

emmo:EMMO_ea67caa5_2609_4e91_98ae_81103f2d5c25 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A characteriser that declares a property for an object through the specific interaction required by the property definition."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c ;
    core:prefLabel "Observer"@en .

emmo:EMMO_eb95a619_ca07_4678_a809_10021b25a13f a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_dbb2ae7f_9f47_41b3_bf68_d9bece864e2c ;
    core:prefLabel "TauNeutrino"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f68030be_94b8_4c61_a161_886468558054 a owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A relation that identify a proper part of the whole that extends itself in time along the overall lifetime of the whole, and whose parts never cover the full spatial extension of the 4D whole."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "In EMMO FOL this is a defined property. In OWL spatial relations are primitive."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasSpatialEssentialPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f8e436fb_61ed_4512_a5a5_bee90f0cec2f a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_385b8f6e_43ac_4596_ad76_ac322c68b7ca,
        emmo:EMMO_fd6559e8_ef94_460c_9dfc_bad5c68d63b4 ;
    core:prefLabel "ZBoson"@en .

owl:topObjectProperty a owl:ReflexiveProperty,
        owl:SymmetricProperty,
        owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    owl:inverseOf owl:topObjectProperty .

emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The interpreter's internal representation of the object in a semiosis process."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ;
    core:prefLabel "Interpretant"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0c576e13_4ee7_4f3d_bfe9_1614243df018 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b5957cef_a287_442d_a3ce_fd39f20ba1cd ;
    core:altLabel "1-manifold"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "OneManifold"@en .

emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The generic EMMO semiotical relation."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ec2472ae_cf4a_46a5_8555_1556f5a6c3c5 ;
    core:prefLabel "semiotical"@en .

emmo:EMMO_24dda193_ada8_433b_bb74_6ca4a0b89a20 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 ],
        emmo:EMMO_53dced52_34f6_4cf0_8a99_ddf451861543,
        emmo:EMMO_7b42954f_0b91_4b3a_a65e_2470202cf548 ;
    core:prefLabel "Baryon"@en .

emmo:EMMO_3397f270_dfc1_4500_8f6f_4d0d85ac5f71 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An atom_based state defined by an exact number of e-bonded atomic species and an electron cloud made of the shared electrons."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "H20, C6H12O6, CH4"@en ;
    rdfs:comment """An entity is called essential if removing one direct part will lead to a change in entity class.

An entity is called redundand if removing one direct part will not lead to a change in entity class."""@en,
        """This definition states that this object is a non-periodic set of atoms or a set with a finite periodicity.

Removing an atom from the state will result in another type of atom_based state.

e.g. you cannot remove H from H20 without changing the molecule type (essential). However, you can remove a C from a nanotube (redundant). C60 fullerene is a molecule, since it has a finite periodicity and is made of a well defined number of atoms (essential). A C nanotube is not a molecule, since it has an infinite periodicity (redundant)."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_8043d3c6_a4c1_4089_ba34_9744e28e5b3d ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_f835f4d4_c665_403d_ab25_dca5cc74be52 ],
        emmo:EMMO_21205421_5783_4d3e_81e5_10c5d894a88a,
        emmo:EMMO_8b1367d6_0133_4b56_acc1_fa8b058169e3 ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_50967f46_51f9_462a_b1e4_e63365b4a184 emmo:EMMO_e024544d_e374_45b7_9340_1982040bc6b7 ) ;
    core:prefLabel "Molecule"@en .

emmo:EMMO_39a4e2a4_d835_426d_b497_182d06e1caff a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_669d2749_bece_460a_b26a_9a909fd8ca4d ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_36a4c1ca_5085_49ca_9e13_4c70d00c50a5 ],
        emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ;
    core:altLabel "IndexSemiosis"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Deduction"@en .

emmo:EMMO_4832e353_6a2d_4deb_9a5b_96989afaff2d a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasInterpreter"@en .

emmo:EMMO_4a1c73f1_b6f5_4d10_a3a6_5de90bac7cd0 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A characteriser that declares a property for an object without actually interact with it with the specific interaction required by the property definition (i.e. infer a property from other properties)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c ;
    core:prefLabel "Estimator"@en .

emmo:EMMO_50781fd9_a9e4_46ad_b7be_4500371d188d a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_24dda193_ada8_433b_bb74_6ca4a0b89a20 ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_8f87e700_99a8_4427_8ffb_e493de05c217 emmo:EMMO_df808271_df91_4f27_ba59_fa423c51896c ) ;
    core:prefLabel "Nucleon"@en .

emmo:EMMO_53e5b1e1_6026_4ddc_8a4a_3aaaa5fdbdb7 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A relation between two holistic wholes that overcross, sharing one of their holistic parts."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """A man and the process of building a house.
The man is a whole that possesses an holistic temporal part which is an interval of six monts and represents a working period in his lifetime.
The process of building a house is a whole that possesses an holistic spatial part which is a builder.
The working period of the man and the builder participating the building process are the same individual, belonging both to a man lifetime and to a building holistic views.
In this sense, the man and the building process overcrosses. and the overlapping individual is represented differently in both holistic views."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment "This relation is about two wholes that overlap, and whose intersection is an holistic part of both."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420 ],
        emmo:EMMO_646cdc47_f955_4da3_9398_9aac0edf48a6,
        emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasHolisticOvercross"@en .

emmo:EMMO_555d0261_da5e_4301_b7f9_46f604a32e91 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9a084aa3_3d5a_4a62_9fc0_fd88937a19c5 ;
    core:prefLabel "isDirectCauseFor"@en .

emmo:EMMO_646cdc47_f955_4da3_9398_9aac0edf48a6 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The relation between a holistic whole and its related entities, being them parts or other overlapping entities."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ],
        emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasHolisticRelation"@en .

emmo:EMMO_74a75cf1_3418_4244_b43c_b5db94635d42 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/reductionistic#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
    core:altLabel "isReductionisticWholeFor"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "hasDirectPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_7b42954f_0b91_4b3a_a65e_2470202cf548 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_8b1367d6_0133_4b56_acc1_fa8b058169e3 ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_24dda193_ada8_433b_bb74_6ca4a0b89a20 emmo:EMMO_be0a7278_b4e6_4bca_88ba_de3f67a478e2 ) ;
    core:prefLabel "Hadron"@en .

emmo:EMMO_7cdc375d_d371_4d78_acd5_d51732f52126 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_881606d0_6f2f_4947_bc8b_75c5b7b2b688 ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ],
        emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ;
    core:altLabel "IconSemiosis"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Cognition"@en .

emmo:EMMO_8043d3c6_a4c1_4089_ba34_9744e28e5b3d a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that stand for electrons elementary particles."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d324ae63_7574_4d73_b25b_96479e2626f2 ;
    core:prefLabel "Electron"@en .

emmo:EMMO_8681074a_e225_4e38_b586_e85b0f43ce38 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A language object that follows syntactic rules of a programming language."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d8d2144e_5c8d_455d_a643_5caf4d8d9df8 ;
    core:prefLabel "Software"@en .

emmo:EMMO_8e52c42b_e879_4473_9fa1_4b23428b392b a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The relation between the whole and a proper part of the whole that scale down to the point which it lose the characteristics of the whole and become something else."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "An holistic part of water fluid is a water molecule."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_646cdc47_f955_4da3_9398_9aac0edf48a6,
        emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasHolisticPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_9268958f_7f54_48ab_a693_febe2645892b a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b5957cef_a287_442d_a3ce_fd39f20ba1cd ;
    core:altLabel "2-manifold"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "TwoManifold"@en .

emmo:EMMO_98ada9d8_f1c8_4f13_99b5_d890f5354152 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The perspective for which physical objects are categorized only by concepts coming from applied physical sciences."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """The concepts of matter and field are the fundamental objects categories for the physicalistic perspective.

Here the class 'Field' refers to the quantum field of bosonic particles while the class 'Matter' refers to the quantum field of quarks and leptons."""@en,
        "This perspective specify elementary objects as from the Standard Model of Particles."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_5b2222df_4da6_442f_8244_96e9e45887d1 emmo:EMMO_70dac51e_bddd_48c2_8a98_7d8395e91fc2 ) ] ;
    core:altLabel "OrdinaryMatter"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Physicalistic"@en .

emmo:EMMO_9a084aa3_3d5a_4a62_9fc0_fd88937a19c5 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d7e3e4ef_953f_4f72_a728_db1fbe1a811f ],
        emmo:EMMO_d67ee67e_4fac_4676_82c9_aec361dba698 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasContactWith"@en .

emmo:EMMO_aaad78a9_abaf_4f97_9c1a_d763a94c4ba3 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that satisfy a whole defining criteria (i.e. belongs to a subclass of whole) and have no temporal parts that satisfy that same criteria (no parts that are of the same type of the whole)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ;
    core:prefLabel "TemporallyFundamental"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c5ae6d8e_6b39_431f_8de4_ae4e357abc04 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatiotemporal pattern makes it identifiable by an observer through an optical perception employing the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """A cloud.
A picture.
A colour gradient on a wall.
A stain.
A mail."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_649bf97b_4397_4005_90d9_219755d92e34 ;
    core:prefLabel "Visual"@en .

emmo:EMMO_ceaaf9f7_fd11_424b_8fda_9afa186af186 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An object which is an holistic spatial part of a object."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "A tire is a constituent of a car."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606,
        emmo:EMMO_fcae603e_aa6e_4940_9fa1_9f0909cabf3b ;
    core:altLabel "ObjectPart"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Constituent"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d8d2144e_5c8d_455d_a643_5caf4d8d9df8 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A language object is a symbolic object respecting a specific language syntactic rules (a well-formed formula)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ;
    core:prefLabel "Language"@en .

emmo:EMMO_dba27ca1_33c9_4443_a912_1519ce4c39ec a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The relation between an object and one of its holistic part that contributes to the object under some spatial-based criteria."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_ceaaf9f7_fd11_424b_8fda_9afa186af186 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_5ceab41b_2aea_4041_9e9c_a243f7562cee ;
    core:prefLabel "hasConstituent"@en .

emmo:EMMO_dbb2ae7f_9f47_41b3_bf68_d9bece864e2c a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_d324ae63_7574_4d73_b25b_96479e2626f2 ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_1d5305d7_5690_4e5a_92de_4611e8c356ef emmo:EMMO_83550665_c68c_4015_86a7_308c9dd2fb4b emmo:EMMO_eb95a619_ca07_4678_a809_10021b25a13f ) ;
    core:prefLabel "Neutrino"@en .

emmo:EMMO_e5488299_8dab_4ebb_900a_26d2abed8396 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The union of classes of elementary particles that do not possess mass."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c26a0340_d619_4928_b1a1_1a04e88bb89d ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_25f8b804_9a0b_4387_a3e7_b35bce5365ee emmo:EMMO_7db59e56_f68b_48b7_ae99_891c35ae5c3b emmo:EMMO_eb3c61f0_3983_4346_a0c6_e7f6b90a67a8 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "MasslessElementary"@en .

emmo:EMMO_ec2472ae_cf4a_46a5_8555_1556f5a6c3c5 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The superclass for all relations used by the EMMO."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topObjectProperty ;
    core:prefLabel "EMMORelation"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f055e217_0b1b_4e7e_b8be_7340211b0c5e a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that satisfy a whole defining criteria (i.e. belongs to a subclass of whole) and have no spatial parts that satisfy that same criteria (no parts that are of the same type of the whole)."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ;
    core:prefLabel "SpatiallyFundamental"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f2fc1ce9_cc3b_4eb5_a112_3c85d1b1374a a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ;
    core:altLabel "hasSemioticObject"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "hasReferent"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f76884f7_964e_488e_9bb7_1b2453e9e817 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A constituent of a system."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dba27ca1_33c9_4443_a912_1519ce4c39ec ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ],
        emmo:EMMO_ceaaf9f7_fd11_424b_8fda_9afa186af186 ;
    core:prefLabel "Component"@en .

emmo:EMMO_f835f4d4_c665_403d_ab25_dca5cc74be52 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_50781fd9_a9e4_46ad_b7be_4500371d188d ],
        emmo:EMMO_8b1367d6_0133_4b56_acc1_fa8b058169e3 ;
    core:prefLabel "AtomicNucleus"@en .

rdfs:label rdfs:range rdfs:Literal .

rdfs:seeAlso rdfs:comment """EMMO applies the naming convension to its sub-properties of rdfs:seeAlso that their label must end with one of the following terms:
  - 'Match': resolvable URLs to corresponding entity in another ontology
  - 'Entry': resolvable URLs to a human readable resource describing the subject
  - 'Ref': non-resolvable reference to a human readable resource describing the subject"""@en,
        "Indicate a resource that might provide additional information about the subject resource."@en .

emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Semiosis' that involves an 'Observer' that perceives another 'Physical' (the 'Object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'Property' (the 'Sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_dc5dee4e_4305_4a21_8dd5_4e8311c98c73 ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c ],
        emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_1c0b22a2_be82_4fa8_9e2b_a569a625d442 emmo:EMMO_3b19eab4_79be_4b02_bdaf_ecf1f0067a68 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Determination"@en .

emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of all individuals that stand for a real world not self-connected object."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "The collection of users of a particular software, the collection of atoms that have been part of that just dissociated molecule, or even the collection of atoms that are part of a molecule considered as single individual non-connected objects and not as a mereotopological self-connected fusion."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """A 'Collection' individual stands for a non-self-connected world object.

A 'Collection' individual is related to each 'Item' individuals of the collection (i.e. the members) through the membership relation, which is a subrelation of part.

The members are self-connected objects.

The combination of collection and item concept is the mereotopological alternative to set theory."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_6b7276a4_4b9d_440a_b577_0277539c0fc4 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ],
        emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ;
    core:prefLabel "Collection"@en .

emmo:EMMO_36a4c1ca_5085_49ca_9e13_4c70d00c50a5 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An interpreter who establish the connection between an index sign and an object according to a causal contiguity."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "Someone who deduces an emotional status of a persona according to facial expression.",
        "Someone who deduces the occurring of a physical phenomenon through other phenomena." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_39a4e2a4_d835_426d_b497_182d06e1caff ],
        emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ;
    core:prefLabel "Deducer"@en .

emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_c9805ac9_a943_4be4_ac4b_6da64ba36c73 ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb ],
        emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ;
    core:altLabel "ConventionalSemiosis"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Declaration"@en .

emmo:EMMO_53dced52_34f6_4cf0_8a99_ddf451861543 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a15cea10_9946_4d2b_95c5_cfc333fd2abb ;
    core:prefLabel "Fermion"@en .

emmo:EMMO_5a9e4f79_8d3d_448d_acc3_3ec24ba91604 a owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9a084aa3_3d5a_4a62_9fc0_fd88937a19c5 ],
        emmo:EMMO_9a084aa3_3d5a_4a62_9fc0_fd88937a19c5 ;
    owl:equivalentProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_5a9e4f79_8d3d_448d_acc3_3ec24ba91604 ] ;
    owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_5a9e4f79_8d3d_448d_acc3_3ec24ba91604 ;
    core:prefLabel "isDirectEffectOf"@en .

emmo:EMMO_5ceab41b_2aea_4041_9e9c_a243f7562cee a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_fcae603e_aa6e_4940_9fa1_9f0909cabf3b ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_8e52c42b_e879_4473_9fa1_4b23428b392b,
        emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasHolisticSpatialPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasSign"@en .

emmo:EMMO_669d2749_bece_460a_b26a_9a909fd8ca4d a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ;
    core:prefLabel "Deduced"@en .

emmo:EMMO_70dac51e_bddd_48c2_8a98_7d8395e91fc2 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Physical' with 'Massless' parts that are mediators of interactions."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:allValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_70dac51e_bddd_48c2_8a98_7d8395e91fc2 ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ;
            owl:someValuesFrom [ a owl:Class ;
                    owl:intersectionOf ( emmo:EMMO_b5a5494c_83bf_44aa_a9a6_49b948e68939 emmo:EMMO_c26a0340_d619_4928_b1a1_1a04e88bb89d ) ] ],
        emmo:EMMO_98ada9d8_f1c8_4f13_99b5_d890f5354152 ;
    core:prefLabel "Field"@en .

emmo:EMMO_881606d0_6f2f_4947_bc8b_75c5b7b2b688 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ;
    core:prefLabel "Cognised"@en .

emmo:EMMO_8b1367d6_0133_4b56_acc1_fa8b058169e3 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a15cea10_9946_4d2b_95c5_cfc333fd2abb ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_3397f270_dfc1_4500_8f6f_4d0d85ac5f71 emmo:EMMO_7b42954f_0b91_4b3a_a65e_2470202cf548 emmo:EMMO_eb77076b_a104_42ac_a065_798b2d2809ad emmo:EMMO_f835f4d4_c665_403d_ab25_dca5cc74be52 ) ;
    core:prefLabel "CompositeParticle"@en .

emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420 a owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_70fe84ff_99b6_4206_a9fc_9a8931836d84 "OXxy ≡ Oxy ∧ ¬Pxy"@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ],
        emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ;
    owl:equivalentProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420 ] ;
    owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_9cb984ca_48ad_4864_b09e_50d3fff19420 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasOvercrossing"@en .

emmo:EMMO_9ee42d6b_7242_4a8d_967e_79f8f1c7fe29 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_0e1f2009_bf12_49d1_99f3_1422e5287d82 ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6,
        emmo:EMMO_8e52c42b_e879_4473_9fa1_4b23428b392b ;
    core:prefLabel "hasHolisticTemporalPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_a633c6f8_4269_4870_9b28_f5ca1783fd54 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A process which is an holistic temporal part of a process."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "Moving a leg is a stage of the process of running."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0e1f2009_bf12_49d1_99f3_1422e5287d82,
        emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce ;
    core:prefLabel "Stage"@en .

emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The superclass of all topological EMMO relations."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_ec2472ae_cf4a_46a5_8555_1556f5a6c3c5 ;
    core:prefLabel "topological"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b5957cef_a287_442d_a3ce_fd39f20ba1cd a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'graphical' aimed to represent a geometrical concept."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """A geometrical object can be expressed in many different forms.

For example, a line can be expressed by:
a) an equation like y=mx+q, which is both an 'equation' and a 'geometrical'
b) a line drawn with a pencil on a paper, which is simply a 'graphical' object
c) a set of axioms, when the properties of a line are inferred by the interpreter reading them, that are both 'graphical' and also 'formula'

The case a) is a geometrical and mathematical, b) is geometrical and pictorial, while c) is geometrical and a composition of idiomatic strings."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c5ae6d8e_6b39_431f_8de4_ae4e357abc04 ;
    core:prefLabel "Geometrical"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that stands for semiotic objects, i.e. objects that take part on a semiotic process."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """Semiotic subclasse are defined using Peirce's semiotic theory.

"Namely, a sign is something, A, which brings something, B, its interpretant sign determined or created by it, into the same sort of correspondence with something, C, its object, as that in which itself stands to C." (Peirce 1902, NEM 4, 20–21).

The triadic elements:
- 'sign': the sign A (e.g. a name)
- 'interpretant': the sign B as the effects of the sign A on the interpreter (e.g. the mental concept of what a name means)
- 'object': the object C (e.g. the entity to which the sign A and B refer to)

This class includes also the 'interpeter' i.e. the entity that connects the 'sign' to the 'object'"""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ],
        emmo:EMMO_8bb6b688_812a_4cb9_b76c_d5a058928719 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "SemioticEntity"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c26a0340_d619_4928_b1a1_1a04e88bb89d a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The union of all classes categorizing elementary particles according to the Standard Model."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360,
        emmo:EMMO_a15cea10_9946_4d2b_95c5_cfc333fd2abb ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 emmo:EMMO_cc1b6be1_3102_4376_b33b_d8dd13f9be2f emmo:EMMO_d324ae63_7574_4d73_b25b_96479e2626f2 emmo:EMMO_fd6559e8_ef94_460c_9dfc_bad5c68d63b4 ) ;
    core:prefLabel "ElementaryParticle"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c74da218_9147_4f03_92d1_8894abca55f3 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Perceptual' which stands for a real world object whose spatial configuration is due to an explicit graphical procedure and shows an identifiable pattern."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "'Graphical' objects include writings, pictures, sketches ..."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "This concept includes only things that are purposely created by an agent."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c5ae6d8e_6b39_431f_8de4_ae4e357abc04 ;
    core:prefLabel "Graphical"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d7e3e4ef_953f_4f72_a728_db1fbe1a811f a owl:IrreflexiveProperty,
        owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_6703954e_34c4_4a15_a9e7_f313760ae1a8 ],
        emmo:EMMO_6703954e_34c4_4a15_a9e7_f313760ae1a8 ;
    core:prefLabel "isEffectOf"@en .

emmo:EMMO_dc5dee4e_4305_4a21_8dd5_4e8311c98c73 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c9805ac9_a943_4be4_ac4b_6da64ba36c73 ;
    core:prefLabel "Characterised"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_70fe84ff_99b6_4206_a9fc_9a8931836d84 "The union of classes whole and part."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A perspective characterized by the belief that some mereological parts of a whole (holistic parts) are intimately interconnected and explicable only by reference to the whole and vice versa."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "A molecule of a body can have role in the body evolution, without caring if its part of a specific organ and without specifying the time interval in which this role occurred."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """An holistic perspective considers each part of the whole as equally important, without the need of a granularity hierarchy (in time or space). The interest is on the whole 4D object and on its 4D parts (how they contribute to the whole, i.e. their roles), without going further into specifying the spatial hierarchy or the temporal position of each part.

This class allows the picking of parts without necessarily going trough a rigid hierarchy of spatial compositions (e.g. body -> organ -> cell -> molecule) or temporal composition. This is inline with the transitive nature of parrhood, as it is usually defined in literature."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ) ] ;
    core:altLabel "Wholistic"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Holistic"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' due to causal continguity."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """Smoke stands for a combustion process (a fire).
My facial expression stands for my emotional status."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_39a4e2a4_d835_426d_b497_182d06e1caff ],
        emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ;
    core:prefLabel "Index"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The basic spatial constituent of 'item'-s that is defined as a causal chain of quantum objects."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """While a 'Quantum' is a-tomistic in time and space, an 'elementary' is a-tomistic only in space, recalling the concept of elementary particle.

According to mereology, this should be call 'a-tomistic' in the strict etimological sense of the word (from greek, a-tomos: un-divisible).

Mereology based on such items is called atomistic mereology.

However, in order not to confuse the lexicon between mereology and physics (in which an atom is a divisible physical entity) we prefer to call it 'elementary', recalling the concept of elementary particle coming from the standard particles model.

A causal chain is an object which is an (ordered) causal sequence of quantum objects that does not host any bifurcation within itself (a chain)."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom [ a owl:Class ;
                    owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 ) ] ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:allValuesFrom [ a owl:Class ;
                    owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 ) ] ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ],
        emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ;
    core:prefLabel "Elementary"@en .

emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An interpreter who establish the connection between an icon an an object recognizing their resemblance (e.g. logical, pictorial)"@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "The scientist that connects an equation to a physical phenomenon." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_7cdc375d_d371_4d78_acd5_d51732f52126 ],
        emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ;
    core:prefLabel "Cogniser"@en .

emmo:EMMO_1b52ee70_121e_4d8d_8419_3f97cd0bd89c a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An 'interpreter' that perceives another 'entity' (the 'object') through a specific perception mechanism and produces a 'property' (the 'sign') that stands for the result of that particular perception."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 ],
        emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_4a1c73f1_b6f5_4d10_a3a6_5de90bac7cd0 emmo:EMMO_ea67caa5_2609_4e91_98ae_81103f2d5c25 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Determiner"@en .

emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An interpreter who establish the connection between an conventional sign and an object according to a specific convention."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "A scientist that assigns a quantity to a physical objects without actually measuring it but taking it for granted due to its previous experience (e.g. considering an electron charge as 1.6027663e-19 C, assigning a molecular mass to a gas only by the fact of a name on the bottle).",
        "Someone who assigns a name to an object." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d ],
        emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ;
    core:prefLabel "Declarer"@en .

emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' through convention, norm or habit, without any resemblance to it."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "In Peirce semiotics this kind of sign category is called symbol. However, since symbol is also used in formal languages, the name is changed in conventional."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d ],
        emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ;
    core:prefLabel "Conventional"@en .

emmo:EMMO_36c79456_e29c_400d_8bd3_0eedddb82652 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Physical' which is a tessellation of spatial direct parts."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """e.g. the existent in my glass is declared at t = t_start as made of two direct parts: the ice and the water. It will continue to exists as state as long as the ice is completely melt at t = t_end. The new state will be completely made of water. Between t_start and t_end there is an exchange of molecules between the ice and the water, but this does not affect the existence of the two states.

If we partition the existent in my glass as ice surrounded by several molecules (we do not use the object water as direct part) then the appearance of a molecule coming from the ice will cause a state to end and another state to begin."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment """Direct partitions declaration is a choice of the ontologist that choses the classes to be used as direct parts, according to its own world view.

A 'State' can always be direct partitioned in 'Elementary'-s and 'Void' or 'Physical'.

e.g. the water in my glass can be seen as a single object without declaring direct parts, or as made of H2O molecules direct parts."""@en,
        """The definition of 'State' implies that its spatial direct parts (i.e. 'physicals') are not gained or lost during its temporal extension (they exist from the left to the right side of the time interval), so that the cardinality of spatial direct parts in a 'State' is constant.

This does not mean that there cannot be a change in the internal structure of the 'State' direct parts. It means only that this change must not affect the existence of the direct part itself.

There is no change in granularity or cardinality of direct parts of a 'State'.

The use of spatial direct parthood in 'State' definition means that a 'State' cannot overlap in space another 'State'."""@en,
        """The usefulness of 'State' is that it makes it possible to describe the evolution in time of an 'Existent' in terms of series of 'State'-s that can take into account the disappearance or appearance of parts within a 'Physical'.

A 'State' is a recognizable granularity level of matter, in the sense that its direct parts do not appear or disappear within its lifetime as it can be for a generic 'Existent'."""@en,
        """There is no change in granularity or cardinality of parts within a state.

The use of spatial direct parthood in state definition means that a state cannot overlap in space another state that is direct part of the same whole."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/reductionistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_b2282816_b7a3_44c6_b2cb_3feff1ceb7fe ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ],
        emmo:EMMO_15db234d_ecaf_4715_9838_4b4ec424fb13 ;
    core:prefLabel "State"@en .

emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of EMMO individuals that stand for world objects that can't be partitioned further."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """From physics perspective a 'Quantum' can stand for the smallest identifiable element of spacetime defined by the Planck limit in length (1.616e-35 m) and time (5.39e-44 s).

However, the quantum mereotopology approach is not restricted only to physics. For example, in a manpower management ontology, a 'Quantum' can stand for an hour (time) of a worker (space) activity."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment """A 'Quantum' is the most fundamental subclass of 'Item', since its individuals stand for the simplest possible world objects, and are considered self-connected by definition.

The quantum concept recalls the fact that there is lower epistemological limit to our knowledge of the universe, related to the uncertainity principle.

Space and time emerge following the network of causal connections between quantum objects. So quantum objects are adimensional objects, that precede space and time dimensions.

A quantum is the EMMO mereological atomistic entity.

To avoid confusion with the concept of atom coming from physics, we will use the expression quantum mereology, instead of atomistic mereology."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:allValuesFrom owl:Nothing ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ],
        emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    core:prefLabel "Quantum"@en .

emmo:EMMO_5b2222df_4da6_442f_8244_96e9e45887d1 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Physical' that possesses some 'Lepton' or 'Quark' parts in each of its temporal parts."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ;
            owl:someValuesFrom [ a owl:Class ;
                    owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 emmo:EMMO_d324ae63_7574_4d73_b25b_96479e2626f2 ) ] ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:allValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_5b2222df_4da6_442f_8244_96e9e45887d1 ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 ],
        emmo:EMMO_98ada9d8_f1c8_4f13_99b5_d890f5354152 ;
    core:prefLabel "Matter"@en .

emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class representing the collection of all the individuals declared in this ontology standing for world objects."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """'EMMO' is the disjoint union of 'Item' and 'Collection' (covering axiom).

The union implies that 'EMMO' individuals can only be 'Item' individuals (standing for self-connected world objects) or 'Collection' individuals (standing for a collection of disconnected items).

Disjointness means that a 'Collection' individual cannot be an 'Item' individual and viceversa, representing the fact that a world object cannot be self-connected and non-self connected at the same time."""@en,
        """Mereotopology is the logical framework used by the EMMO ontologist to characterize the universe and to provide the definitions to connect world objects to the EMMO concepts.

For the EMMO ontologist the whole universe is the most comprehensive object. World objects are then sub-parts of the universe.

The fundamental distinction between world objects, upon which the EMMO is based, is self-connectedness: a world object can be self-connected xor not self-connected.

Parthood relations do not change dimensionality of the world object: every part of a world object is another world object and always retains a 4D dimensionality character.

The smallest part of a world object (i.e. a part that has no proper parts) is called a 'Quantum' individual. Quantum individuals are the fundamental causal constituents of the universe. They are no-dimensional, and their aggregation makes 4D objects emerge  from their causal structure.

It follows that, for the EMMO, world objects of dimensionality lower than 4D (e.g. surfaces, lines) do not exist.

In the EMMO there are no relations such as occupiesSpace, since objects are themselves the 4D regions.

An object always possess 4-dimensions. It follows from the fact that perception is always unfolding in time (e.g. you always have an aperture time when you take a picture or measure a property. Instantaneous perceptions are idealizations (abstractions) or a very small time measurement)."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:hasValue emmo:EMMO_08cb807c_e626_447b_863f_e2835540e918 ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ] ],
        owl:Thing ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ) ;
    core:prefLabel "EMMO"@en .

emmo:EMMO_a15cea10_9946_4d2b_95c5_cfc333fd2abb a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:comment "The scope of the particle definition goes from the elementary particles to molecules, as fundamental constituents of substances." ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_98ada9d8_f1c8_4f13_99b5_d890f5354152 ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_53dced52_34f6_4cf0_8a99_ddf451861543 emmo:EMMO_b5a5494c_83bf_44aa_a9a6_49b948e68939 ) ;
    core:prefLabel "Particle"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c9805ac9_a943_4be4_ac4b_6da64ba36c73 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ;
    core:prefLabel "Declared"@en .

emmo:EMMO_fd6559e8_ef94_460c_9dfc_bad5c68d63b4 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b5a5494c_83bf_44aa_a9a6_49b948e68939,
        emmo:EMMO_c26a0340_d619_4928_b1a1_1a04e88bb89d ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_21a13e48_e4e2_450b_ad03_d9a112daee87 emmo:EMMO_25f8b804_9a0b_4387_a3e7_b35bce5365ee emmo:EMMO_7db59e56_f68b_48b7_ae99_891c35ae5c3b emmo:EMMO_f8e436fb_61ed_4512_a5a5_bee90f0cec2f ) ;
    core:prefLabel "VectorBoson"@en .

rdfs:comment rdfs:range rdfs:Literal .

core:altLabel a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range rdf:PlainLiteral ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:label .

emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Process', that has participant an 'Interpreter', that is aimed to produce a 'Sign' representing another participant, the 'Object'."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """Me looking a cat and saying loud: "Cat!" -> the semiosis process

me -> interpreter
cat -> object (in Peirce semiotics)
the cat perceived by my mind -> interpretant
"Cat!" -> sign, the produced sign"""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ],
        emmo:EMMO_8bb6b688_812a_4cb9_b76c_d5a058928719 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_39a4e2a4_d835_426d_b497_182d06e1caff emmo:EMMO_47bf3513_4ae6_4858_9c45_76e23230d68d emmo:EMMO_7cdc375d_d371_4d78_acd5_d51732f52126 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Semiosis"@en .

emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An 'Graphical' that stands for a token or a composition of tokens from one or more alphabets, without necessarily respecting syntactic rules."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """fe780
emmo
!5*a
cat
for(i=0;i<N;++i)"""@en ;
    rdfs:comment """A symbolic object possesses a reductionistic oriented structure.

For example, text is made of words, spaces and punctuations. Words are made of characters (i.e. atomic symbols)."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c74da218_9147_4f03_92d1_8894abca55f3 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_89a0c87c_0804_4013_937a_6fe234d9499c emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Symbolic"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0e1f2009_bf12_49d1_99f3_1422e5287d82 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An holistic temporal part of a whole."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ;
    core:altLabel "HolisticTemporalPart"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "TemporalRole"@en .

emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f a owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The primitive relation that express the concept of an object being part of another one."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "All other mereology relations are defined using hasPart as primitive. It is expressed in FOL by predicate P."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ],
        emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_385b8f6e_43ac_4596_ad76_ac322c68b7ca a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The union of classes of elementary particles that possess mass."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c26a0340_d619_4928_b1a1_1a04e88bb89d ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_21a13e48_e4e2_450b_ad03_d9a112daee87 emmo:EMMO_676a29e6_d4e1_4b54_8961_25947bd20861 emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 emmo:EMMO_d324ae63_7574_4d73_b25b_96479e2626f2 emmo:EMMO_f8e436fb_61ed_4512_a5a5_bee90f0cec2f ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "MassiveElementary"@en .

emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An entity that is categorized according to its relation with a whole through a parthood relation and that contributes to it according to an holistic criterion."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """In this class the concept of role and part are superimposed (the term part is also used to define the role played by an actor).

Here entities are categorized according to their relation with the whole, i.e. how they contribute to make a specific whole, and not what they are as separate entities.

This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its relation with the surrounding whole (being a part implies being surrounded by something bigger to which it contributes).

For example, an output is a part (a role or the final stage) of a process, but its specific nature as a whole (e.g. car, service) is categorized under the whole class branch."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_0e1f2009_bf12_49d1_99f3_1422e5287d82 emmo:EMMO_fcae603e_aa6e_4940_9fa1_9f0909cabf3b ) ] ;
    core:altLabel "HolisticPart"@en,
        "Part"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Role"@en .

emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A whole that represent the overall lifetime of the world object that represents."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """A marathon is an example of class whose individuals are always maximal since the criteria satisfied by a marathon 4D entity poses some constraints on its temporal and spatial extent.

On the contrary, the class for a generic running process does not necessarily impose maximality to its individuals. A running individual is maximal only when it extends in time for the minimum amount required to identify a running act, so every possible temporal part is always a non-running.

Following the two examples, a marathon individual is a maximal that can be decomposed into running intervals. The marathon class is a subclass of running."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_aaad78a9_abaf_4f97_9c1a_d763a94c4ba3 emmo:EMMO_f055e217_0b1b_4e7e_b8be_7340211b0c5e ) ] ;
    core:altLabel "Lifetime"@en,
        "Maximal"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Fundamental"@en .

emmo:EMMO_649bf97b_4397_4005_90d9_219755d92e34 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of 'Physical' individuals which stand for real world objects that can stimulate a perception (e.g. a retina impression) into the ontologist and that are categorized accordingly to human perception mechanisms."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """A line scratched on a surface.
A sound.
A smell.
The word 'cat' and the sound of the word 'cat' (the first one is graphical and the second acoustical)."""@en,
        """The meta-semiotic process:
I see a cloud in the sky. Since I'm an EMMO ontologist, I create an individual named Cloud under the 'Perceptual' class, meaning that I recognize the cloud as an object thanks to a specific perceptual channel (e.g. through my eyes). This semiotic process occurs at meta-level: it's how I use the EMMO as tool for a direct representation of the world, understandable by others ontologists.

The semiotic process within EMMO:
My friend looks at the same cloud and says: "It is an elephant".
I use the EMMO to record this experience by declaring:
    - my friend as MyFriend individual, belonging to 'Interpreter' classes
    - the sound of the word "elephant" as an acoustical perception individual named ElephantWord, belonging to 'Perceptual'
    - a relation hasSign between Cloud and ElephantWord, that makes ElephantWord also belonging to 'Sign' class and Cloud belonging also to 'Object' class
    - a 'Semiosis' individual called MyFriendElephantCloud that hasParticipant: Cloud, ElephantWord and MyFriend, respectively as object, sign and interpreter.

So, the Perceptual class is here to categorized real-world objects at meta-level using common perceptual channels, for practical ontology usage.

We could have represented the word "elephant" within a physicalistic approach, by identifying it as a pressure wave in the air."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment """This class is the most general superclass for the categorization of real world objects that are recognizable by the ontologist through a specific perception mechanism. This perspective is based on human characterization of perceptions.

In other words, a 'Perceptual' is a meta-object, meaning that is addressed by the ontologist (the meta-interpreter) in a semiotic process occurring outside the EMMO. The 'Perceptual' branch is here to facilitate the connection between an individual and the real-world object for which it stands for.

A 'Perceptual' can stand for another object in an EMMO described semiotic process (acting as sign or as object), just like a word on a paper (the perceptual object) may refer semiotically to another object. However, a perceptual is not necessarily a 'Sign' (e.g. a line sketched on a blackboard is a recognizable 'Perceptual' but it may stand for nothing).

A 'Perceptual' becomes an 'Object', when it is part of a 'Semiotic' process described by the ontologist within the EMMO, and it's done always specifying for which interpreter this relation occurs."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/perceptual#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_4b3afb22_27cf_4ce3_88bc_492bfccb546b emmo:EMMO_8f207971_aaab_48dc_a10d_55a6b4331410 emmo:EMMO_c5ae6d8e_6b39_431f_8de4_ae4e357abc04 emmo:EMMO_dd14d055_2db0_4b81_bc97_ef6c2f72b8a0 emmo:EMMO_e1021593_06da_4237_8a02_29d8f6fef76d ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Perceptual"@en .

emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An object that is made of a set of sub objects working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network (natural or artificial); a complex whole."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "A system is conceived as an aggregate of things that 'work' (or interact) together. While a system extends in time through distinct temporal parts (like every other 4D object), this elucdation focuses on a timescale in which the obejct shows a persistence in time."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_dba27ca1_33c9_4443_a912_1519ce4c39ec ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_f76884f7_964e_488e_9bb7_1b2453e9e817 ],
        emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0,
        emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 ;
    core:prefLabel "HolisticSystem"@en .

emmo:EMMO_6703954e_34c4_4a15_a9e7_f313760ae1a8 a owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:comment """Causality is a topological property between connected items.

Items being connected means that there is a topological contact or "interaction" between them."""@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c ],
        emmo:EMMO_ad0e72fc_dcaa_490d_8371_b4d814dcda2c ;
    owl:equivalentProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_6703954e_34c4_4a15_a9e7_f313760ae1a8 ] ;
    owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_6703954e_34c4_4a15_a9e7_f313760ae1a8 ;
    core:prefLabel "isCausallyconnectedWith"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b5a5494c_83bf_44aa_a9a6_49b948e68939 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_a15cea10_9946_4d2b_95c5_cfc333fd2abb ;
    core:prefLabel "Boson"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 """A 'Perceptual' referring to a specific code that is used as 'Conventional' sign to represent an 'Object' according to a specific interaction mechanism by an 'Observer'.

(A property is always a partial representation of an 'Object' since it reflects the 'Object' capability to be part of a specific 'Observation' process)"""@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """Hardness is a subclass of properties.

Vickers hardness is a subclass of hardness that involves the procedures and instruments defined by the standard hardness test."""@en,
        """Let's define the class 'colour' as the subclass of the properties that involve photon emission and an electromagnetic radiation sensible observer.

An individual C of this class 'colour' can be defined be declaring the process individual (e.g. daylight illumination) and the observer (e.g. my eyes)

Stating that an entity E hasProperty C, we mean that it can be observed by such setup of process + observer (i.e. observed by my eyes under daylight).

This definition can be generalized by using a generic human eye, so that the observer can be a generic human.

This can be used in material characterization, to define exactly the type of measurement done, including the instrument type."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment """A 'Property' is a sort of name or label that we put upon objects that interact with an observer in the same specific way.

e.g. "hot" objects are objects that interact with an observer through a perception mechanism aimed to perceive an heat source."""@en,
        """We know real world entities through observation/perception.

A non-perceivable real world entity does not exist (or it exists on a plane of existance that has no intersection with us and we can say nothing about it).

Perception/observation of a real wolrd entity occurs when the entity stimulate an observer in a peculiar way through a well defined perception channel.

For this reason each property is related to a specific observation process which involves a specific observer with its own perception mechanisms.

The observation process (e.g. a look, a photo shot, a measurement) is performed  by an observer (e.g. you, a camera, an instrument) through a specific perception mechanism (e.g. retina impression, CMOS excitation, piezoelectric sensor activation) and involves an observed entity.

An observation is a semiotic process, since it stimulate an interpretant within the interpreter who can communicate the perception result to other interpreters through a sign which is the property.

Property subclasses are specializations that depend on the type of observation processes.

e.g. the property 'colour' is related to a process that involves emission or interaction of photon and an observer who can perceive electromagnetic radiation in the visible frequency range.

Properties usually relies on symbolic systems (e.g. for colour it can be palette or RGB)."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/properties#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_10a5fd39_06aa_4648_9e70_f962a9cb2069 ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_e1097637_70d2_4895_973f_2396f04fa204 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_dc5dee4e_4305_4a21_8dd5_4e8311c98c73 ],
        emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_251cfb4f_5c75_4778_91ed_6c8395212fd8 emmo:EMMO_2a888cdf_ec4a_4ec5_af1c_0343372fc978 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Property"@en .

emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A whole with proper parts of its same type."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:seeAlso emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_2469e4c6_ac2e_4c8f_b49f_7b2d2e277215 emmo:EMMO_808566db_b810_448d_8a54_48e7f6d30f36 ) ] ;
    core:altLabel "NonMaximal"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Redundant"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' by resembling or imitating it, in shape or by sharing a similar logical structure."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "An equation that reproduces the logical connection of the properties of a physical entity.",
        "A picture that reproduces the aspect of a person."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """Three subtypes of icon are possible:

(a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture)

(b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart)

(c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else

[Wikipedia]"""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_7cdc375d_d371_4d78_acd5_d51732f52126 ],
        emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d ;
    core:altLabel "Simulacrum"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Icon"@en .

emmo:EMMO_fcae603e_aa6e_4940_9fa1_9f0909cabf3b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An holistic spatial part of a whole."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ;
    core:altLabel "HolisticSpatialPart"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "SpatialRole"@en .

emmo:EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The entity (or agent, or observer, or cognitive entity) who connects 'Sign', 'Interpretant' and 'Object'."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """For example, the ontologist may be interest in cataloguing in the EMMO how the same object (e.g. a cat) is addressed using different signs (e.g. cat, gatto, chat) by different interpreters (e.g. english, italian or french people).

The same applies for the results of measurements: the ontologist may be interest to represent in the EMMO how different measurement processes (i.e. semiosis) lead to different quantitative results (i.e. signs) according to different measurement devices (i.e. interpreters)."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment """The interpreter is not the ontologist, being the ontologist acting outside the ontology at the meta-ontology level.

On the contrary, the interpreter is an agent recognized by the ontologist. The semiotic branch of the EMMO is the tool used by the ontologist to represent an interpreter's semiotic activity."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty emmo:EMMO_f68030be_94b8_4c61_a161_886468558054 ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b ],
        [ a owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 ] ;
            owl:someValuesFrom emmo:EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 ],
        emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec emmo:EMMO_2d72e38c_d587_437f_98f6_f2718fb130eb emmo:EMMO_36a4c1ca_5085_49ca_9e13_4c70d00c50a5 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Interpreter"@en .

emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that stand for real world objects according to a specific representational perspective."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """This class is the practical implementation of the EMMO pluralistic approach for which the only objective categorization is provided by the Universe individual and all the Quantum individuals.

Between these two extremes, there are several subjective ways to categorize real world objects, each one provide under a 'Perspective' subclass."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ;
    core:prefLabel "Perspective"@en .

emmo:EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The object, in Peirce semiotics, as participant to a semiotic process."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """Here is assumed that the concept of 'object' is always relative to a 'semiotic' process. An 'object' does not exists per se, but it's always part of an interpretation.

The EMMO relies on strong reductionism, i.e. everything real is a formless collection of elementary particles: we give a meaning to real world entities only by giving them boundaries and defining them using 'sign'-s.

In this way the 'sign'-ed entity becomes an 'object', and the 'object' is the basic entity needed in order to apply a logical formalism to the real world entities (i.e. we can speak of it through its sign, and use logics on it through its sign)."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_669d2749_bece_460a_b26a_9a909fd8ca4d emmo:EMMO_881606d0_6f2f_4947_bc8b_75c5b7b2b688 emmo:EMMO_c9805ac9_a943_4be4_ac4b_6da64ba36c73 ) ] ;
    core:altLabel "Object"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "SemioticObject"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d324ae63_7574_4d73_b25b_96479e2626f2 a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_385b8f6e_43ac_4596_ad76_ac322c68b7ca,
        emmo:EMMO_53dced52_34f6_4cf0_8a99_ddf451861543 ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_1d5305d7_5690_4e5a_92de_4611e8c356ef emmo:EMMO_2531fe94_1cdf_4f36_9abc_7ab7574310db emmo:EMMO_3a948fa6_033a_4bb2_a319_36a45741d832 emmo:EMMO_8043d3c6_a4c1_4089_ba34_9744e28e5b3d emmo:EMMO_83550665_c68c_4015_86a7_308c9dd2fb4b emmo:EMMO_eb95a619_ca07_4678_a809_10021b25a13f ) ;
    core:prefLabel "Lepton"@en .

emmo:EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An 'Physical' that is used as sign (\"semeion\" in greek) that stands for another 'Physical' through an semiotic process."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a """A novel is made of chapters, paragraphs, sentences, words and characters (in a direct parthood mereological hierarchy).

Each of them are 'sign'-s.

A character can be the a-tomistic 'sign' for the class of texts.

The horizontal segment in the character "A" is direct part of "A" but it is not a 'sign' itself.

For plain text we can propose the ASCII symbols, for math the fundamental math symbols."""@en ;
    rdfs:comment """A 'Sign' can have temporal-direct-parts which are 'Sign' themselves.

A 'Sign' usually havs 'sign' spatial direct parts only up to a certain elementary semiotic level, in which the part is only a 'Physical' and no more a 'Sign' (i.e. it stands for nothing). This elementary semiotic level is peculiar to each particular system of signs (e.g. text, painting).

Just like an 'Elementary' in the 'Physical' branch, each 'Sign' branch should have an a-tomistic mereological part."""@en,
        """According to Peirce, 'Sign' includes three subcategories:
- symbols: that stand for an object through convention
- indeces: that stand for an object due to causal continguity
- icons: that stand for an object due to similitudes e.g. in shape or composition"""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c emmo:EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Sign"@en .

emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of all the individuals that stand for world objects that are a self-connected composition of more than one quantum object and whose temporal parts are always self-connected."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """A physical object expresses itself in time and space thanks to the underlying causality relations between its constituent quantum objects. It must at least provide two temporal parts.

Physical object temporal parts must be always self-connected. In other words, a physical object is convex with respect to the connectivity relation."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ) ;
    core:altLabel "Physical"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "CausalObject"@en .

emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 a owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_70fe84ff_99b6_4206_a9fc_9a8931836d84 "Oxy ≡ ∃z(Pzx∧Pzy)"@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_3f2e4ac2_8ef3_4a14_b826_60d37f15f8ee ],
        emmo:EMMO_3f2e4ac2_8ef3_4a14_b826_60d37f15f8ee ;
    owl:equivalentProperty [ owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ] ;
    owl:inverseOf emmo:EMMO_d893d373_b579_4867_841e_1c2b31a8d2c6 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasOverlap"@en .

emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "An entity which is defined according to a unity criteria that relates holistically its parts to form a whole."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """A whole is always defined using a criterion expressed through the classical transitive parthood relation.

A whole is categorized as fundamental (or maximal) or redundant (non-maximal).

While maximality can be formally and univocally expressed,

This class is expected to host the definition of world objects as they appear in its wholeness, independently on the surroundings."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 ;
    owl:equivalentClass [ a owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 emmo:EMMO_bbca6dfa_7463_4e8d_8280_35862ff50ce0 ) ] ;
    core:prefLabel "Whole"@en .

emmo:EMMO_7afbed84_7593_4a23_bd88_9d9c6b04e8f6 a owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A relation that identify a proper item part of the whole, whose parts always cover the full spatial extension of the whole within a time interval."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "In EMMO FOL this is a defined property. In OWL temporal relations are primitive."@en ;
    rdfs:domain emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasTemporalPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_a1083d0a_c1fb_471f_8e20_a98f881ad527 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that stand for an elementary mark of a specific symbolic code (alphabet)."@en ;
    emmo:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a "The class of letter \"A\" is the symbol as idea and the letter A that you see on the screen is the mark that can be represented by an individual belonging to \"A\"."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """Subclasses of 'Symbol' are alphabets, in formal languages terminology.

A 'Symbol' is atomic for that alphabet, i.e. it has no parts that are symbols for the same alphabet.
e.g. a math symbol is not made of other math symbols

A Symbol may be a String in another language.
e.g. "Bq" is the symbol for Becquerel units when dealing with metrology, or a string of "B" and "q" symbols when dealing with characters."""@en,
        """Symbols of a formal language need not be symbols of anything. For instance there are logical constants which do not refer to any idea, but rather serve as a form of punctuation in the language (e.g. parentheses).

Symbols of a formal language must be capable of being specified without any reference to any interpretation of them.
(Wikipedia)"""@en,
        "The class is the idea of the symbol, while the individual of that class stands for a specific mark (or token) of that idea."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/symbolic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ;
    core:prefLabel "Symbol"@en .

emmo:EMMO_72d53756_7fb1_46ed_980f_83f47efbe105 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals that stand for quarks elementary particles."@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/physicalistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_385b8f6e_43ac_4596_ad76_ac322c68b7ca,
        emmo:EMMO_53dced52_34f6_4cf0_8a99_ddf451861543 ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_0a3f04a6_ba3a_49d9_99da_08b0e26f51f0 emmo:EMMO_1ea2f3fc_da94_4685_99b4_352922fbc461 emmo:EMMO_22a6f189_7ad7_424d_af15_5efe002c1365 emmo:EMMO_a4edc1d4_bb38_4897_ba1e_f87e7aa31c5b emmo:EMMO_a589e6b8_2f5b_4118_8522_cdc4c89578dc emmo:EMMO_d37eeb84_895f_4c30_bf60_387b3314a1a6 ) ;
    core:prefLabel "Quark"@en .

emmo:EMMO_90ae56e4_d197_49b6_be1a_0049e4756606 a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A whole that is identified according to a criteria based on its spatial configuration that is satisfied throughout its time extension."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """A continuant (here called object) is usually defined as a whole whose all possible temporal parts are always satisfying a specific criterion (wich is the classical definition of continuants).

However that's not possible in general, since we will finally end to temporal parts whose temporal extension is so small that the connectivity relations that define the object will no longer hold. That's the case when the temporal interval is lower than the interval that characterize the causality interactions between the object parts.

In other terms, if the time span of a temporal part is lower than the inverse of the frequency of interactions between the constituents, then the constituents in such temporal part are not connected. The object is no more an object, neither an item, but simply a collection of fundamental parts.

To overcome this issue, we can identify an minimum holistic temporal part (a lower time interval value), below which a specific definition for an object type does not hold anymore, that is called a fundamental."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e04884d9_eda6_487e_93d5_7722d7eda96b ;
    core:altLabel "Continuant"@en,
        "Endurant"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Object"@en .

emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 a owl:ObjectProperty,
        owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    emmo:EMMO_70fe84ff_99b6_4206_a9fc_9a8931836d84 "PPxy ≡ Pxy ∧ ¬Pyx"@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_17e27c22_37e1_468c_9dd7_95e137f73e7f ;
    core:prefLabel "hasProperPart"@en .

emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "The class of individuals standing for world self-connected objects."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """A world object is self-connected if any two parts that make up the whole are topologically connected to each other.

In the EMMO, topological connectivity is based on causality.

All physical systems, i.e. systems whose behaviour is explained by physics laws, are represented only by 'Item'-s.

Members of a 'Collection' lack of causality connection, i.e. they do not constitute a physical system as a whole."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_802d3e92_8770_4f98_a289_ccaaab7fdddf ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ) ;
    core:prefLabel "Item"@en .

emmo:EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce a owl:Class ;
    emmo:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 "A whole that is identified according to a criteria based on its temporal evolution that is satisfied throughout its time extension."@en ;
    rdfs:comment """Following the common definition of process, the reader may think that every whole should be a process, since every 4D object always has a time dimension. However, in the EMMO we restrict the meaning of the word process to items whose evolution in time have a particular meaning for the ontologist (i.e. every 4D object unfolds in time, but not every 4D time unfolding may be of interest for the ontologist and categorized as a process).

For this reason, the definition of every specific process subclass requires the introduction of a primitive concept."""@en ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/persholistic#> ;
    rdfs:subClassOf emmo:EMMO_e04884d9_eda6_487e_93d5_7722d7eda96b ;
    core:altLabel "Occurrent"@en,
        "Perdurant"@en ;
    core:prefLabel "Process"@en .

core:prefLabel a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range rdf:PlainLiteral ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf rdfs:label .

emmo:EMMO_dc57d998_23db_4d8e_b2cd_f346b195b846 a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://emmo.info/emmo/top#> ;
    rdfs:range emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf emmo:EMMO_9380ab64_0363_4804_b13f_3a8a94119a76 ;
    core:prefLabel "hasSpatialPart"@en .

[] owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin physica \"study of nature\" (and Ancient Greek φυσικός, “natural”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:altLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_c5ddfdba_c074_4aa4_ad6b_1ac4942d300d ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Physical"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From the word 'holistic' with the 'w-' prefix, due to the affinity with the existing word 'whole', that share the same meaning of 'holos'."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:altLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Wholistic"@en .

[] owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "Holism (from Greek ὅλος holos \"all, whole, entire\")."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0277f24a_ea7f_4917_81b7_fb0406c8fc62 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Holistic"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From French rôle, from obsolete French roule ‘roll’, referring originally to the roll of paper on which the actor's part was written."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Role"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin fundamentum (“foundation”), from fundō (“to lay the foundation (of something), to found”), from fundus (“bottom”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Fundamental"@en .

[] owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Ancient Greek εἰκών (eikṓn, “likeness, image, portrait”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Icon"@en .

[] owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger .

[] owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin elementārius (“elementary”), from elementum (“one of the four elements of antiquity; fundamentals”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0f795e3e_c602_4577_9a43_d5a231aa1360 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Elementary"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin proprietas (“a peculiarity, one's peculiar nature or quality, right or fact of possession, property”), from proprius (“special, particular, one's own”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_b7bcff25_ffc3_474e_9ab5_01b1664bd4ba ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Property"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin cognitio (“knowledge, perception, a judicial examination, trial”), from cognitus, past participle of cognoscere (“to know”), from co- (“together”) + *gnoscere, older form of noscere (“to know”"@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_19608340_178c_4bfd_bd4d_0d3b935c6fec ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Cogniser"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin organum (“organ”), from Ancient Greek ὄργανον (órganon, “an instrument, implement, tool, also an organ of sense or apprehension, an organ of the body, also a musical instrument, an organ”),"@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_c0f72631_d7c2_434c_9c26_5c44123df682 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Organisation"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Middle English liftime, equivalent to life +‎ time."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:altLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_57c75ca1_bf8a_42bc_85d9_58cfe38c7df2 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Lifetime"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin percipiō, past participle perceptus (“take hold of, obtain, receive, observe”), from per (“by, through”) + capiō (“to take”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_649bf97b_4397_4005_90d9_219755d92e34 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Perceptual"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "Based on Latin stare ‘to stand’."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_a633c6f8_4269_4870_9b28_f5ca1783fd54 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Stage"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin quantum (plural quanta) \"as much as, so much as;\", introduced in physics directly from Latin by Max Planck, 1900."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_3f9ae00e_810c_4518_aec2_7200e424cf68 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Quantum"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin simulacrum (\"likeness, semblance\")"@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:altLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Simulacrum"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From medieval Latin perspectiva ‘(science of) optics’, from perspect- ‘looked at closely’, from the verb perspicere, from per- ‘through’ + specere ‘to look’."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_49267eba_5548_4163_8f36_518d65b583f9 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Perspective"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin item, \"likewise, just so, moreover\"."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_eb3a768e_d53e_4be9_a23b_0714833c36de ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Item"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin collectio, from colligere ‘gather together’."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_2d2ecd97_067f_4d0e_950c_d746b7700a31 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Collection"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”), from Old Latin dingua (“tongue”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d8d2144e_5c8d_455d_a643_5caf4d8d9df8 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Language"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin partire, partiri ‘divide, share’."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:altLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_4f226cf3_6d02_4d35_8566_a9e641bc6ff3 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Part"@en .

[] owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin documentum, from the verb doceō (“teach”) +‎ -mentum."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_ccdc1a41_6e96_416b_92ec_efe67917434a ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Document"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin cōnstituēns, present participle of cōnstituō (“I establish”), from com- (“together”) + statuo (“I set, place, establish”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_ceaaf9f7_fd11_424b_8fda_9afa186af186 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Constituent"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin data, nominative plural of datum (“that is given”), neuter past participle of dō (“I give”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_d9588363_bf09_4d5d_95d3_cd9b203a3b61 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Data"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From particeps (“taking part in, sharing in”), from pars (“part”) + capiō (“to take”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_13191289_6c2b_4741_93e1_82d53bd0e703 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Participant"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin compōnēns, compōnēntis, present participle of compōnō (“assemble, put together”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_f76884f7_964e_488e_9bb7_1b2453e9e817 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Component"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin index (“a discoverer, informer, spy; of things, an indicator, the forefinger, a title, superscription”), from indicō (“point out, show”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Index"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From the Ancient Greek γραφή (graphḗ) which means drawing, painting, writing, a writing, description, and from γράφω (gráphō) which means scratch, carve."@en ;
    rdfs:comment "The term graphical is used in etymological sense, comprising both writings and visual arts."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_c74da218_9147_4f03_92d1_8894abca55f3 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Graphical"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Ancient Greek σύστημα (sústēma, “musical scale; organized body; whole made of several parts or members”), from σῠν- (sun-, prefix meaning ‘with, together’) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_e7aac247_31d6_4b2e_9fd2_e842b1b7ccac ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "CausalSystem"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Middle English hole (“healthy, unhurt, whole”)."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_1efe8b96_e006_4a33_bc9a_421406cbb9f0 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Whole"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin systema, from Greek sustēma, from sun- ‘with’ + histanai ‘set up’."@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_65a007dc_2550_46b0_b394_3346c67fbb69 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "HolisticSystem"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Ancient Greek σύμβολον (súmbolon, “a sign by which one infers something; a mark, token, badge, ticket, tally, check, a signal, watchword, outward sign”), from συμβάλλω (sumbállō, “I throw together, dash together, compare, correspond, tally, come to a conclusion”), from σύν (sún, “with, together”) + βάλλω (bállō, “I throw, put”)." ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_057e7d57_aff0_49de_911a_8861d85cef40 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Symbolic"@en .

[] a owl:Axiom ;
    emmo:EMMO_705f27ae_954c_4f13_98aa_18473fc52b25 "From Latin observare (“to watch, note, mark, heed, guard, keep, pay attention to, regard, comply with, etc.”), from ob (“before”) + servare (“to keep”),"@en ;
    owl:annotatedProperty core:prefLabel ;
    owl:annotatedSource emmo:EMMO_3b19eab4_79be_4b02_bdaf_ecf1f0067a68 ;
    owl:annotatedTarget "Observation"@en .